{"id":44965,"date":"1989-05-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1989-05-02T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/narendra-kumar-maheshwari-vs-union-of-india-ors-on-3-may-1989"},"modified":"2015-06-09T23:17:07","modified_gmt":"2015-06-09T17:47:07","slug":"narendra-kumar-maheshwari-vs-union-of-india-ors-on-3-may-1989","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/narendra-kumar-maheshwari-vs-union-of-india-ors-on-3-may-1989","title":{"rendered":"Narendra Kumar Maheshwari vs Union Of India & Ors on 3 May, 1989"},"content":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n
Narendra Kumar Maheshwari vs Union Of India & Ors on 3 May, 1989<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: 1989 AIR 2138, \t\t 1989 SCR (3)\t 43<\/div>\n
Author: S Mukharji<\/div>\n
Bench: Mukharji, Sabyasachi (J)<\/div>\n
           PETITIONER:
\nNARENDRA KUMAR MAHESHWARI<\/p>\n
\tVs.<\/p>\n
RESPONDENT:
\nUNION OF INDIA & ORS.<\/p>\n
DATE OF JUDGMENT03\/05\/1989<\/p>\n
BENCH:
\nMUKHARJI, SABYASACHI (J)
\nBENCH:
\nMUKHARJI, SABYASACHI (J)
\nRANGNATHAN, S.<\/p>\n
CITATION:
\n 1989 AIR 2138\t\t  1989 SCR  (3)\t 43
\n 1990 SCC  Supl.  440\t  JT 1989 (2)\t338
\n 1989 SCALE  (1)1353<\/p>\n
ACT:
\n    Capital   Issues  (Control)\t Act,  1947\/Capital   Issues
\n(Exemption) Order, 1969: Sections 2, 3 and 12--Controller of
\nCapital\t Issues--Scope of power and exercise of function  in
\naccording sanction--Extent of.
\n    Companies  Act, 1956: Section 81(5)--'Compulsorily\tcon-
\nvertible    debentures'--Floating    charge--Debt     equity
\nratio--What are--Whether a Company can deal with its proper-
\nty without the permission of debenture holders.
\n    Practice and Procedure: Grant of Interim  Orders--Regard
\nto  be had to principles of comity of  courts  administering
\nsame laws throughout the country.<\/p>\n
HEADNOTE:
\n    Reliance Industries Ltd. (RIL) and Reliance\t Petrochemi-
\ncals  Industries Ltd. (RPL) are inter-connected\t and  repre-
\nsented\tCompanies  in the large industrial  house  known  as
\nReliance  Group. RIL had promoted RPL. RPL was\tincorporated
\non 11.1.1988 and has been a cent percent subsidiary of\tRIL.
\nIt was claimed that RPL would set up the largest petrochemi-
\ncal  complex in India with foreign collaboration.  RPL\tpro-
\nposed  to issue convertible debentures for  raising  capital
\nfor the project.
\n    The\t Controller of Capital Issues (CCI),  who  functions
\nunder  the Capital Issues (Control) Act, 1947 had,  on\t15th
\nSeptember, 1984 by way of press release issued certain\tnon-
\nstatutory  guidelines for approval of issue of secured\tcon-
\nvertible  and non-convertible debentures.  These  guidelines
\nwere subsequently amended on 8.3.1985. Guidelines were\talso
\ngiven by the CCI for issue of convertible cumulative prefer-
\nence shares, and for employees stock option scheme.
\n    RPL\t had,  on 4.5.1988, made an application to  CCI\t for
\nissue of debentures of the face value of Rs.200 crores fully
\nconvertible into equity shares on the following terms:
\nA  sum of Rs. 10 being 5% of the face value of\teach  deben-
\ntures by
\n44
\nway of first conversion immediately into one equity share at
\npar on allotment;
\n    (ii)  A sum of Rs.40 being the 20% of the face value  of
\neach debenture by way of second conversion after three years
\nbut before four years from the date of allotment at a premi-
\num to be fixed by the Controller of Capital Issues;
\n    (iii)  The\tbalance of Rs. 150 representing 75%  of\t the
\nface value of each debenture as third conversion after\tfive
\nyears but not later than seven years from the date of allot-
\nment  at a premium to be fixed by the Controller of  Capital
\nIssues.
\n    The\t CCI accorded his sanction for the issue  of  deben-
\ntures on 4.7.1988. However, the sanction was amended on 19th
\nJuly,  1988. The amendment put a non-transferability  condi-
\ntion on the preferential share-holders of RPL. It was limit-
\ned  to\tthe corporate shareholders of RIL  and\trelaxed\t for
\nindividual  share-holders of RIL. The amendment also  stipu-
\nlated  that the Company should obtain prior approval of\t the
\nReserve Bank of India, Exchange Control Department, for\t the
\nallotment  of  debentures to the non-residents\tas  required
\nunder  the  Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1973.  On\t26th
\nJuly 1988, there was another amendment which restricted\t the
\ntransfer of shares allotted to the employees of RPL and RIL.
\n    The consent orders issued by the CCI were challenged  in
\nvarious\t High Courts, by way of writ petitions and  a  suit.
\nSome High Courts issued injunctions restraining the issue of
\nthe debentures.
\n    This Court, on 19th August, 1988, restrained the  afore-
\nsaid issuance of injunctions by the High Courts, and  issued
\ndirections for the issue of debentures. The cases pending in
\nvarious High Courts were transferred to this Court.
\n    In these transferred cases the consent orders of the CCI
\nwere challenged mainly on the grounds that:
\n    Despite  the fact that RPL did not fulfil  the  require-
\nments of a proper application and the necessary consent\t and
\napproval,  RPL's application was. entertained and  processed
\nby the CCI with undue expedition and without application  of
\nmind;
\nThe guidelines issued by the CCI himself were deviated from;
\n45
\n    The CCI had processed the application of RPL in a hurry,
\nwithin two months;
\n    The CCI did not take into account the fact that RIL\t had
\nearlier\t issued\t debentures  for  manufacture  of  identical
\nproducts;
\n    The CCI failed to note that RPL did not have the  neces-
\nsary  licences,\t consents and approvals, from  the  relevant
\ndepartments of the Government of India;
\n    The\t CCI failed to consider the financial soundness\t and
\nfeasibility of the project of RPL;
\n    The CCI did not take adequate care to examine the  terms
\nof the issue and had blindly accepted the terms as  proposed
\nby RPL;
\n    RPL in its brochures has misled the public by describing
\nthe debentures as fully secured convertible debentures;
\nThe security for the debentures was inadequate;
\n    RPL has been permitted to create securities which  would
\nhave  priority over the securities available to the  present
\ndebenture holders and without their consent;
\n    RPL\t has misled the public in that in its prospectus  it
\nhad stated that security would be provided to the  satisfac-
\ntion of the trustees;
\n    The\t CCI had failed to examine whether RIL\thad  misused
\nthe funds raised on its debentures;
\n    There has been a discrimination in favour of RIL in that
\nRIL  would  be entitled to allotment of shares of  the\tface
\nvalue of Rs.57.50 crores, whereas only 5% of the  investment
\nof the debenture-holders could be converted;
\n    Whereas  RIL's loan of Rs.50 crores would  be  converted
\ninto shares at par, the debenture holders would have to\t pay
\npremium to be fixed by the CCI at the time of second conver-
\nsion of 20% of the debentures; and
\n    In\tthe  application filed by RPL, no shares  were\tear-
\nmarked\tfor the employees of RIL and RPL, but ultimately  it
\nwas done.
\n46
\n    On\tbehalf\tof the petitioners, it was  contended  inter
\nalia that the issue of the debentures in question was detri-
\nmental to public interest, and that public interest had been
\nignored.
\n    On behalf of Respondents it was argued that the sanction
\nissued\tby the CCI had been genuine and valid, and  that  no
\nirregularity  had been committed. It was submitted  that  it
\nwas  a misconception that the CCI had not followed  his\t own
\nguidelines  relating to sanction of the issue of the  deben-
\ntures,\tand it was incorrect to say that there had not\tbeen
\nproper security.
\nDismissing the writ petitions and the suit, this Court,
\n    HELD:   1.1. The CCI functions under the Capital  Issues
\n(Control) Act, 1947, an Act to provide for control over\t the
\nissue of capital. The purpose of the Act must be found\tfrom
\nthe language used. The scheme and the language used, strict-
\nly  speaking, do not indicate any positive role for the\t CCI
\nin  discharging his functions in respect of grant  of  sanc-
\ntion.  But it has to be borne in mind that he is a  part  of
\nState  instrumentalities committed to the endeavours of\t the
\nconstitutional\taspiration  to\tsecure\tjustice--social\t and
\neconomic--and also under Article 39(b) <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India Narendra Kumar Maheshwari vs Union Of India & Ors on 3 May, 1989 Equivalent citations: 1989 AIR 2138, 1989 SCR (3) 43 Author: S Mukharji Bench: Mukharji, Sabyasachi (J) PETITIONER: NARENDRA KUMAR MAHESHWARI Vs. RESPONDENT: UNION OF INDIA & ORS. DATE OF JUDGMENT03\/05\/1989 BENCH: MUKHARJI, SABYASACHI (J) BENCH: MUKHARJI, SABYASACHI (J) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"\nNarendra Kumar Maheshwari vs Union Of India & Ors on 3 May, 1989 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/narendra-kumar-maheshwari-vs-union-of-india-ors-on-3-may-1989\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Narendra Kumar Maheshwari vs Union Of India & Ors on 3 May, 1989 - 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