{"id":46625,"date":"1961-02-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1961-02-19T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/sarda-prasad-and-others-vs-lala-jumna-prasad-and-others-on-20-february-1961"},"modified":"2019-01-18T11:36:16","modified_gmt":"2019-01-18T06:06:16","slug":"sarda-prasad-and-others-vs-lala-jumna-prasad-and-others-on-20-february-1961","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/sarda-prasad-and-others-vs-lala-jumna-prasad-and-others-on-20-february-1961","title":{"rendered":"Sarda Prasad And Others vs Lala Jumna Prasad And Others on 20 February, 1961"},"content":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n
Sarda Prasad And Others vs Lala Jumna Prasad And Others on 20 February, 1961<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: 1961 AIR 1074, \t\t 1961 SCR (3) 875<\/div>\n
Author: K D Gupta<\/div>\n
Bench: Gupta, K.C. Das<\/div>\n
           PETITIONER:\nSARDA PRASAD AND OTHERS\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nLALA JUMNA PRASAD AND OTHERS.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\n20\/02\/1961\n\nBENCH:\nGUPTA, K.C. DAS\nBENCH:\nGUPTA, K.C. DAS\nGAJENDRAGADKAR, P.B.\n\nCITATION:\n 1961 AIR 1074\t\t  1961 SCR  (3) 875\n\n\nACT:\nLimitation-Execution-Decree  for joint Possession in  favour\nof Hindu father and minor sons-Failure of father to  execute\nwithin\tthe Period of limitation-Right of sons,\t if  barred-\nIndian\tLimitation Act, 194 (9 of 1908), s. 7-Code of  Civil\nProcedure, 1908 (5 of 1908), 32, rr. 6, 7.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\nA decree dated September 2, 1938, in a suit for partition of\njoint Hindu family property awarded a house to the share  of\none  J\tand his four minor sons.  J failed  to\texecute\t the\ndecree.\t  On November 23, 1949, an application was  made  by\nthe  appellants,  the four sons of J, for execution  of\t the\ndecree stating that three of them had been minors till\tthen\nand  one  of them was still a minor and so  no\tquestion  of\nlimitation   arose.   The  respondent  objected\t  that\t the\napplication  was barred under S. 7 of the Indian  Limitation\nAct.  The appellants contended that s. 7 did not apply to  a\npartition  decree  and that S. 7 was no bar as j  could\t not\nhave  given  a valid discharge of the  liability  under\t the\ndecree\tin  view of the provisions of 0. 32 of the  Code  of\nCivil Procedure.\nHeld,  that  the  application for execution  was  barred  by\nlimitation.  J, the managing member of the family could have\ngiven  a  discharge  of the liability  under  the  partition\ndecree\tby accepting possession on behalf of his minor\tsons\nwithout their consent and so time ran against them under  s.\n7  from the date of the decree.\t Order 32, rr. 6 and 7\twere\nno  bar to j giving a discharge of the liability  under\t the\ndecree\tas it was neither a case of receipt of any money  or\nmovable property nor was there any question of entering into\nan agreement or compromise on behalf of the minors.\nGanesha\t Row  v.  Tuljaram  Row (1913)\tL.R.  40  1.A.\t132,\nParmeshwari  Singh v. Ranjit Singh, A.I.R. 1939 Pat. 33\t and\nLetchmatsa  Chetty v. Subbiah Chotty, (1924) I.L.R. 47\tMad.\n920, referred to.\n876\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 276 of 1956.
\nAppeal from the judgment and decree dated October 15,  1954,
\nof  the Allahabad High Court in Execution First\t Appeal\t No.
\n224 of 1951.\n<\/p>\n
S.   P. Sinha and Tiryugi Narain for the appellants.
\nG.   C. Mathur, for respondent No. 1.\n<\/p>\n
1961.  February 20.  The Judgment of the Court was delivered
\nby
\nDAS GUPTA, J.-This appeal raises a question of limitation in
\nexecution proceedings.\tThe decree sought to be executed was
\nmade by the Civil Judge, Kanpur, on September 2, 1938, in  a
\nsuit for partition brought by two brothers Jumna Prasad\t and
\nDevi  Prasad  and two minor sons of  Jumna  Prasad,  against
\nGajju  Lal,  his son Jawala Prasad, the four minor  sons  of
\nJawala Prasad-Sharda Prasad, Dharam Pal, Ram Pal and Krishna
\nPal,  and  one\tSmt.  Sundari.\tBy the\tdecree\tone  of\t the
\nproperties,  a\thouse  formerly bearing No.  36\/22  and\t now
\n36\/58,\tEtawa  Bazar, Kanpur, was awarded along\t with  other
\nproperties  to\tthe  defendants in the\tsuit.\tThe  present
\napplication  for  execution was made by the  four  brothers,
\nSharda Prasad, Dharam Pal, Ram Pal and Krishna Pal on Novem-
\nber  23, 1949.\tThe prayer was that these applicants may  be
\ndelivered possession over this Etawa Bazar house along\twith
\nGajju Lal, Jawala Prasad and Smt.  Sundari on  dispossession
\nof  Jumna  Prasad  and Devi Prasad.  It\t is  stated  in\t the
\napplication that all these applicants had ” up till now been
\nminors\tand one of them is still a minor and so no  question
\nin  respect of time arises.” This’ it is important to  note,
\nwas  the first application for execution of  the’  partition
\ndecree. A number of objections were raised but the principal
\nobjection  and the only one with which we are  concerned  in
\nthis  appeal  was that the application was barred  by  time.
\nThe decision of this question depended on the answer to\t the
\nquestion  raised  on  behalf of the  opposite  parties\tthat
\nJawala\tPrasad\tone of the persons  entitled  jointly  ‘with
\nthese applicants to make an application for the execution of
\nthe decree could have
\n877<\/span>
\ngiven a discharge of the liability under the decree  without
\nthe concurrence of his minor sons and so time ran under s. 7
\nof the Limitation Act against them also from the date of the
\ndecree.\n<\/p>\n
The  Trial Court did not feel satisfied that  Jawala  Prasad
\ncould  give a valid discharge and held accordingly that\t the
\napplication was within time.\n<\/p>\n
on  appeal  the High Court held that Jawala  Prasad  as\t the
\nKarta  of the Hindu joint family could act on behalf of\t the
\nentire\tjoint  family  in taking  possession  of  the  house
\nallotted  to the defendants and delivery of such  possession
\ncould  discharge the liability qua the entire  joint  family
\nand  held  accordingly that the application  was  barred  by
\nlimitation.   The High Court however granted  a\t certificate
\nunder  Art.  133(1)(c)\tof  the\t Constitution  and  on\tthat
\ncertificate this appeal has been filed by the applicants for
\nexecution.\n<\/p>\n
Two  contentions were raised on behalf of the appellants  in
\nsupport\t of  the plea that the High Court erred\t in  holding
\nthat the application for execution was barred by limitation.
\nFirst, it is urged that s. 7 of the Limitation Act does\t not
\napply  at all to a partition decree.  The second  contention
\nis  that  in any case Jawala Prasad could not give  a  valid
\ndischarge  of the liability under the decree in view of\t the
\nprovisions of O. 32 of the Code of Civil Procedure.
\n    On the first contention the argument is that the word  ”
\ndischarge  ”  is appropriate only in respect of\t a  monetary
\nclaim  and is wholly inappropriate in respect of any  decree
\nfor possession whether on partition or otherwise.  There is,
\nin our opinion no substance in this argument.  The mere fact
\nthat  the two illustrations to s. 7 are in respect of  debts
\nis  no ground for thinking that the provisions of s.  7\t are
\nlimited\t to suits or decrees on monetary claims\t only.\t Nor
\ncan  we see any reason to think that the word ” discharge  ”
\ncan  refer  only to debts.  Discharge means,  to  free\tfrom
\nliability.   The  liability may be in  respect\tof  monetary
\nclaims,\t like the debts; it may be in respect of  possession
\nof  property; it may be in respect of taking some  order  as
\nregards property it may be in respect of many other matters.
\nExcept in the case of declaratory decrees or
\n878<\/span>
\ndecrees\t of  a similar nature, the decree in favour  of\t one
\nperson against another requires the person against whom\t the
\ndecree\tis  made liable to do something or to  refrain\tfrom
\ndoing something.  This liability is in a sense a debt  which
\nthe party is in law bound to discharge.\t The ordinary use of
\nthe word ” judgment debtor ” to denote a person against whom
\na  decree has been made makes a clear recognition  of  this.
\nIt  is worth mentioning in this connection that the Code  of
\nCivil  Procedure itself defines ” judgment-debtor ” to\tmean
\n”  any\tperson against whom a decree is passed or  an  order
\ncapable of execution has been made.”\n<\/p>\n
It is helpful to notice in this connection the provisions of
\ns.  8 of the Limitation Act that ” nothing in s. 6 or  s.  7
\napplies\t to suits to enforce rights of preemption.” If s.  7
\nhad been applicable merely to litigation for monetary claims
\nit  would  have been unnecessary and indeed  meaningless  to
\ntake  the special step of exempting suits to enforce  rights
\nof pre-emption from the operation of s. 7. This is a further
\nreason\tin  support  of\t the  conclusion  that\tthe  word  ”
\ndischarge”  in s. 7 is not limited to discharge of  monetary
\nclaims\tonly  but also to discharge or satisfaction  of\t all
\nother liabilities as well.  We therefore hold that the first
\nargument   raised  on  behalf  of  the\tappellants  has\t  no
\nsubstance.\n<\/p>\n
Equally untenable is the second argument that the provisions
\nof 0. 32 of the Code of Civil Procedure debar the manager of
\na  Hindu joint family from giving discharge in respect of  a
\nliability  to deliver properties.  Under the Hindu  Law\t the
\nKarta of a Hindu joint family represents all the members  of
\nthe  family and has the power and duty to take action  which
\nbinds\tthe  family  in\t connection  with  all\tmatters\t  of
\nmanagement of the family property.  Clearly, therefore, when
\nin respect of a transaction of property possession has to be
\nreceived  by  the several members of the family, it  is\t the
\nKarta’s\t duty and power to take possession on behalf of\t the
\nentire family, including himself, the members of the  family
\nwho are sui juris as well as those who are not.\n<\/p>\n
879<\/span><\/p>\n
When  any  minor member of a joint family is a\tparty  to  a
\nproceeding in a court he has however to be represented by  a
\nnext friend appointed by-the court and where somebody  other
\nthan the managing member, of the family has been appointed a
\nguardian  ad litem there might be difficulty in the  way  of
\nthe  managing  member giving a discharge on  behalf  of\t the
\nminor.\t Where\thowever the managing member himself  is\t the
\nguardian  ad litem the only difficulty in the way of  action
\nbeing taken by him on behalf of a minor is to the extent  as
\nmentioned in 0. 32, rr. 6 and 7. In Ganesha Row v.  Tuljaram
\nRow (1) the Judicial Committee pointed out that:-\n<\/p>\n
\t      ”\t No doubt a father or managing member  of  a
\n\t      joint Hindu family may, under certain  circum-
\n\t      stances  and  subject to\tcertain\t conditions,
\n\t      enter into agreements which may be binding  on
\n\t      the minor members of the family.\tBut where  a
\n\t      minor is party to a suit and a next friend  or
\n\t      guardian has been appointed to look after\t the
\n\t      rights  and  interests of the  infant  in\t and
\n\t      concerning  the  suit, the acts of  such\tnext
\n\t      friend or guardian are subject to the  control
\n\t      of the Court.”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
In  that  case\ttheir Lordships held that  in  view  of\t the
\nprovisions  of\ts. 462 of the then Code of  Civil  Procedure
\n(which\tcorresponds  to\t 0. 32, r. 7 of\t the  present  Civil
\nProcedure Code) the managing member who had been appointed a
\nguardian  in  the suit had no authority to  enter  into\t any
\ncompromise or agreement purporting to bind the minor.\tThis
\nprinciple   has\t been  applied\talso  to  cases\t where\t the
\nprovisions  of\t0. 32, r. 6 would apply and so it  has\tbeen
\nheld  in numerous cases in India that the Karta of  a  Hindu
\njoint family though guardian in the suit cannot give a valid
\ndischarge in respect of a claim or a decree for is money  or
\nother movable property.” (Parmeshwari Singh v. Banjit  Singh
\n(2) and Letchmana Chetty v. Subbiah Chetty (3))
\nIn  the\t present  case however there is\t no  scope  for\t the
\napplication of either the provisions of 0. 32, r. 6 or O.32,
\nr. 7 of the Code of Civil Procedure.  Neither is
\n(1) (1913) L.R. 40 I.A. 132,138,  (2) A.I.R. 1939  Pat. 33.
\n(3) (1924) I.L.R. 47 Mad. 920.\n<\/p>\n
880<\/span><\/p>\n
this a case of a receipt of any money or movable  properties
\nnor  is there any question of entering into an agreement  or
\ncompromise on behalf of the minor.  For, clearly  acceptance
\nof delivery of possession of property in terms of the decree
\nin  a  partition suit can by no stretch\t of  imagination  be
\nconsidered entering into any ” agreement or compromise”
\nWe  are\t therefore of the opinion that\tJawala\tPrasad,\t the
\nmanaging  member of the family could have given a  discharge
\nof  the\t liability under the partition decree  by  accepting
\ndelivery  of possession on behalf of his minor sons  without
\ntheir  consent and so time ran against them also under s.  7
\nof the Limitation Act from the date of the decree.  The High
\nCourt  was  therefore  right  in  its  conclusion  that\t the
\napplication for execution was barred by limitation.
\nThe appeal is accordingly dismissed with costs.\n<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t   Appeal dismissed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India Sarda Prasad And Others vs Lala Jumna Prasad And Others on 20 February, 1961 Equivalent citations: 1961 AIR 1074, 1961 SCR (3) 875 Author: K D Gupta Bench: Gupta, K.C. Das PETITIONER: SARDA PRASAD AND OTHERS Vs. RESPONDENT: LALA JUMNA PRASAD AND OTHERS. DATE OF JUDGMENT: 20\/02\/1961 BENCH: GUPTA, K.C. DAS […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"\nSarda Prasad And Others vs Lala Jumna Prasad And Others on 20 February, 1961 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/sarda-prasad-and-others-vs-lala-jumna-prasad-and-others-on-20-february-1961\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sarda Prasad And Others vs Lala Jumna Prasad And Others on 20 February, 1961 - 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