{"id":47482,"date":"2009-12-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-12-03T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/e-francis-vs-state-of-kerala-on-4-december-2009"},"modified":"2014-07-26T13:09:23","modified_gmt":"2014-07-26T07:39:23","slug":"e-francis-vs-state-of-kerala-on-4-december-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/e-francis-vs-state-of-kerala-on-4-december-2009","title":{"rendered":"E.Francis vs State Of Kerala on 4 December, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court<\/div>\n
E.Francis vs State Of Kerala on 4 December, 2009<\/div>\n
       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n  IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM\n\nWP(C).No. 4851 of 2009(R)\n\n\n1. E.FRANCIS\n                      ...  Petitioner\n2. EMMANUEL P KOLADY\n3. JOHN K.ILLIKKADAN\n4. CHERIAN VARGHESE\n5. K.SASI KUMAR\n\n                        Vs\n\n\n\n1. STATE OF KERALA\n                       ...       Respondent\n\n2. ACCOUNTANT GENERAL\n\n3. HIGH COURT OF KERALA\n\n                For Petitioner  :SRI.JACOB P.ALEX\n\n                For Respondent  :SRI.ELVIN PETER P.J.\n\nThe Hon'ble MR. Justice ANTONY DOMINIC\n\n Dated :04\/12\/2009\n\n O R D E R\n                      ANTONY DOMINIC, J.\n                     ================\n                  W.P.(C) NO. 4851 OF 2009 (R)\n                =====================\n\n          Dated this the 4th day of December, 2009\n\n                           J U D G M E N T\n<\/pre>\n
     Petitioners are Judicial Officers serving in the District Center<\/p>\n
at Pathanamthitta.      In this writ petition, their grievance is<\/p>\n
regarding non payment of Transfer Grant\/Disturbance Allowance,<\/p>\n
which is also described as Composite Transfer Grant, for the<\/p>\n
period from 1\/1199 till 1\/6\/05.\n<\/p>\n
     2.    Briefly stated, the facts of the case are that Chapter 19<\/p>\n
of the Shetty Commission Report dealt with the recommendation<\/p>\n
of Allowances, Amenities and Advances.            Para 17 contained<\/p>\n
recommendations        regarding       Transfer    Grant\/Disturbance<\/p>\n
Allowance and the paragraph reads as under;<\/p>\n
       177. Transfer Grant\/Disturbance Allowance: Each
\n       State has prescribed the rules regarding payment of
\n       “Transfer grant’ for transferred officers. But such rates
\n       are in variance with the provisions made by Central
\n       Government.    Recently      (w.e.f.  8.10.99),  Central
\n       Government has introduced ‘composite Transfer Grant’
\n       equivalent to one month’s basic pay. Such a ‘composite
\n       Transfer Grant’ is appropriate and simple. Commission
\n       suggests that all States should adopt GOI pattern. Till
\n       then the existing rules in each State\/UTs would also
\n       govern the Judicial Officers.”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
     3.    In its judgment in All India Judges’ Association case<\/p>\n
{2002(4) SCC 247}, the Apex Court accepted the Shetty<\/p>\n
WPC 4851\/09
\n                                 :2 :<\/span><\/p>\n
Commission report and directed its implementation. Accordingly,<\/p>\n
Ext.P1 order dated GO(MS) No.186\/2005\/Home dated 29th of June<\/p>\n
2005 was issued by the 1st respondent, para 3 of which reads as<\/p>\n
under:\n<\/p>\n
       Government have considered the issue in detail and are
\n       pleased to extend to the serving Judicial Officers the
\n       following benefits, in addition to the benefits already
\n       sanctioned to them vide Government Order read as first
\n       paper above.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
       1)    Dearness Allowance (DA) at Central rages by
\n       merging 50% of the DA with basic pay.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
       2)    City Compensatory Allowance (CCA) as applicable
\n       to Central Government employees.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
       3)    Transfer Grant as stipulated in Government of
\n       India Rules regarding transfer.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
             The benefits pertaining to the above will be given
\n       effect from 1.06.2005.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Thus, in so far as this writ petition is concerned, it can be seen<\/p>\n
that Transfer Grant as stipulated in the Government of India<\/p>\n
Rules regarding transfer was ordered to be given with effect from<\/p>\n
1\/6\/2005.\n<\/p>\n
     4.    Subsequently, pursuant to the order dated 21\/3\/2002<\/p>\n
of the Apex Court directing that the allowances which the Shetty<\/p>\n
Commission had recommended are to be given effect from<\/p>\n
1\/11\/99, Government of Kerala issued GO(MS) 70\/2007\/Home<\/p>\n
dated 03\/04\/2007, a copy of which is Ext.P2, directing that<\/p>\n
WPC 4851\/09
\n                                :3 :<\/span><\/p>\n
allowances    sanctioned    by     the   Government     on     the<\/p>\n
recommendation of the Shetty Commission report will have<\/p>\n
retrospective effect from 1\/11\/99. It is to be stated that this<\/p>\n
order also makes reference to Ext.P1. Again, by Ext.P6,<\/p>\n
Accountant General was informed by the Government of Kerala<\/p>\n
that Composite Transfer Grant may be granted along with<\/p>\n
Transfer TA subject to the conditions prescribed in Government of<\/p>\n
India Rules. In the meanwhile, High Court of Kerala also issued<\/p>\n
Exts.P3, P4 and P5 office memorandums clarifying that composite<\/p>\n
Transfer Grant being a travelling allowance entitlement, it is<\/p>\n
governed by the TA Rules and that judicial officers have to draw<\/p>\n
the grant from the Head of Account for TA.\n<\/p>\n
     5.    Based on the aforesaid orders, petitioners submitted<\/p>\n
Exts.P7, P10, P11, P11(A) and P11(B) bills claiming Transfer Grant<\/p>\n
for the period from 1\/11\/99.     While the matter was pending,<\/p>\n
Accountant General issued Ext.P12 stating interalia that Transfer<\/p>\n
Grant is admissible in addition to transfer TA and that for<\/p>\n
transfers which have taken place prior to 1\/6\/2005, the question<\/p>\n
of allowing Transfer Grant will be decided on receiving<\/p>\n
WPC 4851\/09
\n                                :4 :<\/span><\/p>\n
clarification from Government. Subsequently, Ext.P13 order was<\/p>\n
issued by the 1st respondent specifying the allowances which are<\/p>\n
to be authorised w.e.f. 1\/11\/99.      This order however did not<\/p>\n
include Transfer Grant. This was followed by Exts.P14 where the<\/p>\n
1st respondent intimated the 3rd respondent that Transfer Grant is<\/p>\n
not an allowance and therefore cannot be given retrospective<\/p>\n
effect from 1\/11\/99. This was reiterated in Ext.P15 as well. It is in<\/p>\n
these circumstances the writ petition is filed seeking to quash<\/p>\n
Exts.P13 to the extent Transfer Grant is not included and to<\/p>\n
quash Exts.P14 and 15 referred to above. There is a further<\/p>\n
prayer     to  direct  the   respondents    to   issue  necessary<\/p>\n
orders\/directions to the authorities concerned to disburse<\/p>\n
Transfer Grant\/Disturbance Allowance claimed by the petitioners<\/p>\n
in Exts.P7, P10, P11, P11(A) and P11(B) series of bills submitted<\/p>\n
by the petitioners.\n<\/p>\n
      6.    The contention raised by the counsel for the<\/p>\n
petitioners is that Transfer Grant\/Disturbance Allowance is paid to<\/p>\n
compensate the expenses which are incurred consequent on the<\/p>\n
transfer of an officer and therefore is an allowance. It is stated<\/p>\n
WPC 4851\/09
\n                                  :5 :<\/span><\/p>\n
that since allowances are given retrospectivity from 1\/11\/99 as<\/p>\n
per Ext.P2, the petitioners are entitled to be paid Transfer<\/p>\n
Grant\/Disturbance Allowance in terms of the claims lodged by<\/p>\n
them. It is contended that the contrary view taken in Exts.P14<\/p>\n
and P15 and the          exclusion of Transfer Grant\/Disturbance<\/p>\n
Allowance in Ext.P13 are illegal.\n<\/p>\n
     7.     Respondents have filed a counter affidavit. The<\/p>\n
contention raised by the respondents in para 7 of the counter<\/p>\n
affidavit is that Transfer Grant\/Disturbance Allowance does not<\/p>\n
come under the category of allowance. According to them, it is<\/p>\n
only a ‘perquisite’ and therefore Transfer Grant\/Disturbance<\/p>\n
Allowance is not given retrospectivity as per Ext.P2.<\/p>\n
     8.     In the light of the pleadings as above, the controversy<\/p>\n
has   narrowed     down     to  the   question  whether   Transfer<\/p>\n
Grant\/Disturbance Allowance claimed by the petitioners is an<\/p>\n
“allowance” as asserted by the counsel for the petitioners or<\/p>\n
whether it is a “perquisite” as contended by the respondents in<\/p>\n
the counter affidavit.\n<\/p>\n
     9.     The meaning of the expression ‘allowance’ and<\/p>\n
WPC 4851\/09
\n                                     :6 :<\/span><\/p>\n
‘perquisite’ do not appear to have been defined in the Shetty<\/p>\n
Commission Report or in the Government Orders referred to<\/p>\n
above. In such a situation, the only recourse available to this<\/p>\n
Court is to seek guidance from the meaning of the expressions as<\/p>\n
available in the dictionaries and law lexicons. The Advanced Law<\/p>\n
Lexicon of P.Ramanatha Aiyar’s 3rd Edition, gives the meaning of<\/p>\n
“allowance” as follows:\n<\/p>\n
        Something given as a compensation, abatement, or
\n        deduction: a portion or a gift or gratuity to a child or
\n        other dependent: the sanction or approbation of the
\n        Court to certain acts; settlement: to put upon allowance:
\n        to restrain or limit to a certain quantity of provision or
\n        drink. Used in such terms (as) allowance of a specified
\n        amount as alimony Pendente lite: special allowance for
\n        costs in taxation; allowance for the maintenance of one’s
\n        wife and children: allowance to insolvent-debtors etc. In
\n        Burgess v. Clark, 14 QBD 735, 738 Bret, M.R. Defined
\n        “allowance” as “a payment beyond the agreed salary of
\n        the officer, for additional services rendered by him.”\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Similarly, the meaning of “perquisite” has been given as:<\/p>\n
              “emolument, fee or profit attached to the office or
\n        position of an addition to salary or wages”.<\/p>\n
It is also described as:\n<\/p>\n
               “a     privilege, gain or profit incidental to an
\n         employment in addition to regular salary or wages”.<\/p>\n
New Webster’s Dictionary of the English Language gives the<\/p>\n
WPC 4851\/09
\n                                :7 :<\/span><\/p>\n
meaning of the expression “allowance” and “perquisite” in the<\/p>\n
following terms:\n<\/p>\n
       allowance: Permission; license; sanction; a quantity
\n       allowed or granted, esp. money; a deduction or
\n       abatement; tolerance. Milit, a monetary amount paid
\n       an   individual   in  lieu   of  furnished quarters,
\n       subsistence, a railroad ticket, or the like.–v.t.–
\n       allowanced, allowancing. To put on an allowance.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
       perquisite:    An incidental fee or profit over and
\n       above fixed income, salary, or wages; anything
\n       customarily supposed to be allowed or left to an
\n       employee or servant as an incidental advantage of
\n       the position held; something advantageous, claimed
\n       as a right.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
     10. The      Random     House    Dictionary indicates that<\/p>\n
allowance means allotment or grant of a sum of money for a<\/p>\n
particular purpose, as for expenses. On the other hand, in this<\/p>\n
dictionary, perquisite is given the meaning “an emolument over<\/p>\n
and above fixed income or salary”.\n<\/p>\n
     11. A close reading of the meaning of the expressions as<\/p>\n
available in the Law Lexicon and as also in the dictionaries<\/p>\n
referred to above would show that a payment given as<\/p>\n
compensation or to defray an expenditure that is incurred is an<\/p>\n
allowance. On the other hand, perquisite can be seen to be a<\/p>\n
WPC 4851\/09
\n                                  :8 :<\/span><\/p>\n
payment made, in addition to the salary which is due to an<\/p>\n
employee and is unrelated to any expenditure incurred.<\/p>\n
      12. As already seen, the Shetty Commission has included<\/p>\n
the Transfer Grant\/Disturbance Allowance in Chapter 19 of its<\/p>\n
report, dealing with Allowances, Amenities and Advances.<\/p>\n
Transfer Grant\/Disturbance Allowance is paid to the Officers to<\/p>\n
defray the expenditure incurred by them incidental to the<\/p>\n
transfer, which is a condition of their service. If so, Transfer<\/p>\n
Grant\/Disturbance Allowance can be taken only as an allowance.<\/p>\n
If so, its exclusion from the purview of Ext.P2 on the reasoning<\/p>\n
that it is a perquisite is erroneous and such allowance should get<\/p>\n
coverage of Ext.P2 whereunder allowances have been given<\/p>\n
retrospectivity from 1\/11\/99.      This view I have taken is also<\/p>\n
consistent with Exts.P3, P4 and P5 where the High court has also<\/p>\n
described this payment as an allowance, governed by the TA<\/p>\n
Rules. In the aforesaid view of the matter, the contrary view<\/p>\n
taken by the 1st respondent in Exts.P14 and P15 cannot be<\/p>\n
sustained and these orders will stand set aside.<\/p>\n
      Therefore, the writ petition is disposed of directing the<\/p>\n
WPC 4851\/09
\n                                :9 :<\/span><\/p>\n
respondents to extend the benefit of Transfer Grant\/Disturbance<\/p>\n
Allowance to the petitioners w.e.f. 1\/11\/99.          Necessarily,<\/p>\n
therefore Exts.P7, P10, P11, P11(A) and P11(B) bills submitted by<\/p>\n
the petitioners shall be scrutinized and the admissible amount<\/p>\n
that is due to the petitioners shall be disbursed.        The 2nd<\/p>\n
respondent is directed to do the needful in the matter as<\/p>\n
expeditiously as possible, at any rate within 8 weeks of receipt of<\/p>\n
a copy of this judgment.\n<\/p>\n
                                     ANTONY DOMINIC, JUDGE
\nRp<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court E.Francis vs State Of Kerala on 4 December, 2009 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM WP(C).No. 4851 of 2009(R) 1. E.FRANCIS … Petitioner 2. EMMANUEL P KOLADY 3. JOHN K.ILLIKKADAN 4. CHERIAN VARGHESE 5. K.SASI KUMAR Vs 1. STATE OF KERALA … Respondent 2. ACCOUNTANT GENERAL 3. HIGH COURT OF […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47482","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-kerala-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nE.Francis vs State Of Kerala on 4 December, 2009 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/e-francis-vs-state-of-kerala-on-4-december-2009\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"E.Francis vs State Of Kerala on 4 December, 2009 - 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