{"id":52995,"date":"1998-07-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1998-07-21T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/karimaben-k-bagad-vs-state-of-gujarat-ors-on-22-july-1998"},"modified":"2018-03-15T15:17:51","modified_gmt":"2018-03-15T09:47:51","slug":"karimaben-k-bagad-vs-state-of-gujarat-ors-on-22-july-1998","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/karimaben-k-bagad-vs-state-of-gujarat-ors-on-22-july-1998","title":{"rendered":"Karimaben K. Bagad vs State Of Gujarat &amp; Ors on 22 July, 1998"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Karimaben K. Bagad vs State Of Gujarat &amp; Ors on 22 July, 1998<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: A.S. Anand, V.N. Khare<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nKARIMABEN K. BAGAD\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSTATE OF GUJARAT &amp; ORS.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\t22\/07\/1998\n\nBENCH:\nA.S. ANAND, V.N. KHARE\n\n\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>\t\t\t O R D E R<br \/>\n     Leave granted.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The husband  of the  appellant was detained by an order<br \/>\nof  detention,\tdated  25.2.1977  under\t the  provisions  of<br \/>\nCOFEPOSA. That order of detention was challenged by filing a<br \/>\nwrit petition, being Special Criminal Application No. 101 of<br \/>\n1977 in\t the High  Court of  Gujarat. During the pendency of<br \/>\nthe petition,  the order  of detention\twas revoked  by\t the<br \/>\nGovernment on  4.8.1977 and  the court\ton 8.8.1977 made the<br \/>\nfollowing order :\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>     &#8220;As the  detention is  revoked, the<br \/>\n     petition does  not\t survive.  Hence<br \/>\n     Rule discharged with no order as to<br \/>\n     costs.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     The High Court, thus, did not go into the merits of the<br \/>\ncase and the various grounds on which the order of detention<br \/>\nhad been questioned.\n<\/p>\n<p>     After the\torder of  detention was revoked. It appears,<br \/>\nthat a\tnotice under  Section 6\t of SAFEMA was issued to the<br \/>\nhusband of  the\t petitioner.  While  the  proceedings  under<br \/>\nSAFEMA were  pending, the  husband of  the petitioner  died.<br \/>\nRespondent NO.\t4, then,  made an order on 23.3.1993 holding<br \/>\nthat the  petitioner was  a person who fell within the ambit<br \/>\nof them\t is chief  of Section  2 of  the SAFEMA and directed<br \/>\nproceedings under  Section 7  of SAFEMA\t to be taken against<br \/>\nher. The  petitioner questioned\t the proceedings  on various<br \/>\ngrounds, including  that on  the date  when proceedings were<br \/>\nstarted against\t her, there  was no valid and existing order<br \/>\nof detention  against the  husband of  the petitioner, which<br \/>\nwas a  condition precedent  to\tinitiate  proceedings  under<br \/>\nSAFEMA. Reliance  was placed  on the revocation of the order<br \/>\nof  detention\tin  support   of  this\t submission.   While<br \/>\nchallenging the\t proceedings of\t the competent authority and<br \/>\nthe  appellate\t tribunal  constituted\t under\tSAFEMA,\t the<br \/>\npetitioner also\t put in\t issue the  validity of the order of<br \/>\ndetention made\tagainst her husband on various grounds which<br \/>\nhad ben raised in the writ petition filed by her husband and<br \/>\nwhich the  High Court and dismissed as &#8220;infructuous&#8221; without<br \/>\ngoing into  the merits\tof the case. The High Court took the<br \/>\nview that  the revocation  of the  order  of  detention\t was<br \/>\ninconsequential insofar\t as proceedings\t under\tSAFEMA\twere<br \/>\nconcerned and  also declined  to go  into the  merits of the<br \/>\nchallenge to  the order\t of detention on the ground that the<br \/>\npetition filed\tby t  he husband  of the petitioner had been<br \/>\ndismissed as  &#8216;infructuous&#8217; in\tthe year  1977 and  the same<br \/>\ncould not be `revived&#8217; after a period of about twenty years.<br \/>\nThe  writ   petition  of   the\tpetitioner  was,  therefore,<br \/>\ndismissed on  these two\t grounds. The  judgment of  the High<br \/>\nCourt has been put in issue before us.\n<\/p>\n<p>     We have heard learned counsel for the parties.<br \/>\n     Admittedly, the  order of\tdetention was  challenged by<br \/>\nthe husband  of the  petitioner on  various grounds  at\t the<br \/>\nappropriate time.  The High  Court declined  to go  into the<br \/>\nmerits of the case being of the opinion that since the order<br \/>\nof detention  had been\trevoked, the  writ petition had been<br \/>\nrendered &#8220;infructuous&#8221;.\t The High  Court returned no finding<br \/>\non the\tmerits of the challenge of the order detention. When<br \/>\nproceedings  under   SAFEMA  were   initiated  against\t the<br \/>\npetitioner, after  the\tdeath  of  her\thusband,  she  could<br \/>\nquestion   the correctness of the grounds of detention while<br \/>\nassailing the  order of\t detention since  a valid  order  of<br \/>\ndetention     is  a   condition\t precedent   for  initiating<br \/>\nproceedings under  SAFEMA. Since, the  validity of the order<br \/>\nof detention  had been\tput in issue through a writ petition<br \/>\nand the High Court returned no findings on the merits of the<br \/>\ncase, the  petitioner was  entitled to question the order of<br \/>\ndetention while\t assailing the\tproceedings initiated  under<br \/>\nSAFEMA against\ther. To\t deny her  that right  on the ground<br \/>\nthat after  twenty years  the  challenge  to  the  order  of<br \/>\ndetention could\t not be\t received was  unjust and  improper.<br \/>\nSince, there  had been\tno adjudication on the merits of the<br \/>\norder of  detention by\tthe High Court, though the order had<br \/>\nbeen challenged,  the High Court ought to have gone into the<br \/>\nquestion of  validity of  the order  of detention, since the<br \/>\nexistence  of\tsuch  an  order\t was  the  sine-qua-non\t for<br \/>\ninitiating proceedings\tunder SAFEMA. The order of detention<br \/>\nhad been  challenged and that challenge was not unsuccessful<br \/>\non merits.\n<\/p>\n<p>     A\tthree\tJudge  bench  of  this\tCourt  in  Competent<br \/>\nAuthority, Ahmedabad, etc. etc. vs. Amritlal Chandmal Jain &amp;<br \/>\nOrs. etc.  etc. (Criminal  Appeal No.  2 of  1994 with Civil<br \/>\nAppeal\tNO.   1487\/94  and   Criminal  Appeal\tNo.  574\/94)<br \/>\nconsidered a somewhat identical situation and opined :\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>     &#8220;Once the detenu is released during<br \/>\n     pendency  of  his\twrit  of  habeas<br \/>\n     corpus by\tthe detaining  authority<br \/>\n     it cannot\talways be said that writ<br \/>\n     petition had become infructuous and<br \/>\n     that the  grounds\ton  which  t  he<br \/>\n     order of  detention become invalid.<br \/>\n     But then  if the  Court refuses  or<br \/>\n     itself does  not go  into the merit<br \/>\n     of controversy  in writ  of  habeas<br \/>\n     corpus when  detenu is released the<br \/>\n     detenu on\tthat account  cannot  be<br \/>\n     made to  suffer holding that he did<br \/>\n     not  successfully\t challenge   his<br \/>\n     order of detention. That is exactly<br \/>\n     what has  happened\t in  this  case.<br \/>\n     Writ Petition  1342\/92 came  to  be<br \/>\n     disposed of  on July 10, 1985. This<br \/>\n     writ petition along with others was<br \/>\n     being heard  together.  This  court<br \/>\n     did not  go into  the  question  of<br \/>\n     validity of  the order of detention<br \/>\n     but  disposed   of\t the  matter  on<br \/>\n     account of the fact that detenu had<br \/>\n     already  been   released  from  his<br \/>\n     detention.\t We,  therefore,  cannot<br \/>\n     say that  challenge to the order of<br \/>\n     detention\t  by\t Amritlal    was<br \/>\n     unsuccessful and  that  he\t or  his<br \/>\n     relatives or his associates were in<br \/>\n     any way  debarred from  challenging<br \/>\n     the order of detention subsequently<br \/>\n     when  notices   under  SAFEMA  were<br \/>\n     issued to the. &#8221; (Emphasis ours).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     The view expressed by the three Judge Bench in Amritlal<br \/>\nChandmal Jain&#8217;s\t case (supra)  lends enough  support to\t the<br \/>\nview taken by us.\n<\/p>\n<p>     For what  we have said above, we find that the impugned<br \/>\norder of the High Court cannot be sustained. We, accordingly<br \/>\nset it\taside and remand the writ petition to the High Court<br \/>\nto be  disposed of  on merits.\tThe appeal  succeeds and  is<br \/>\nallowed in  the above terms. We clarify that we shall not be<br \/>\ntaken to  have expressed  any opinion  on the  merits of the<br \/>\nwrit petition,\thereby remanded\t to the\t High Court  for its<br \/>\nfresh disposal.\n<\/p>\n<p>     There is no order as to costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Karimaben K. Bagad vs State Of Gujarat &amp; Ors on 22 July, 1998 Bench: A.S. Anand, V.N. Khare PETITIONER: KARIMABEN K. BAGAD Vs. RESPONDENT: STATE OF GUJARAT &amp; ORS. DATE OF JUDGMENT: 22\/07\/1998 BENCH: A.S. ANAND, V.N. KHARE ACT: HEADNOTE: JUDGMENT: O R D E R Leave granted. The husband of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Karimaben K. 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