{"id":56714,"date":"1993-05-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1993-05-04T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/panni-lal-vs-rajinder-singh-and-anr-on-5-may-1993"},"modified":"2017-02-05T06:46:52","modified_gmt":"2017-02-05T01:16:52","slug":"panni-lal-vs-rajinder-singh-and-anr-on-5-may-1993","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/panni-lal-vs-rajinder-singh-and-anr-on-5-may-1993","title":{"rendered":"Panni Lal vs Rajinder Singh And Anr on 5 May, 1993"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Panni Lal vs Rajinder Singh And Anr on 5 May, 1993<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1993 SCR  (3) 589, \t  1993 SCC  (4)\t 38<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: B S.P.<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Bharucha S.P. (J)<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nPANNI LAL\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nRAJINDER SINGH AND ANR.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT05\/05\/1993\n\nBENCH:\nBHARUCHA S.P. (J)\nBENCH:\nBHARUCHA S.P. (J)\nPUNCHHI, M.M.\n\nCITATION:\n 1993 SCR  (3) 589\t  1993 SCC  (4)\t 38\n JT 1993 (3)   340\t  1993 SCALE  (2)806\n\n\nACT:\nThe  Hindu  Minority  and Guardianship\tAct,  1956:  Section\n8--Intent of--Whether protects the property of a minor\tfrom\nthe depredations of the parents even.\nWords  and Phrases--Voidable and Void--Sale of the  property\nof  the minor by his mother without permission of the  court\nand attested by the father Whether voidable or void.\nSale of the property of the minor by his mother and attested\nby his father--Interpretation of--Whether amounts to a\tsale\nby  the natural guardian of the minor for  legal  necessity.\nand benefit of the minor.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\nThe  mother  of\t the  respondent  minors,  acting  as  their\nguardian, sold their land, while they were still minors,  to\nthe  appellant\tunder  a registered  sale  deed\t dated\tJuly\n30,1964.  The respondents, upon attaining majority, sued the\nappellant for possession of the said land on the ground that\nthe sale thereof, having been made without the permission of\nthe court, was void.\nThe  appellant in his written statement and at the  time  of\nhearing\t of the suit contended that the sale deed  had\tbeen\nattested  by  the father of the\t respondents  and  the.-.ale\nshould,\t therefore,  he deemed to have been a  sale  by\t the\nlegal guardian of the respondents.  It was also pleaded that\nthe sale had been for legal necessity and the benefit of the\nrespondents.   It was also alleged that the suit was  barred\nby limitation because the sale was voidable and not void and\nthe suit had not been brought within three years of each  of\nthe respondents attaining majority.\nThe  trial court framed appropriate issues and came  to\t the\nconclusion that it had not been proved that the sale was for\nlegal necessity or for the benefit of the respondents,\tthat\nthe  sale by the respondent's mother without the  permission\nof  the\t court\twas  void, and the sale\t was  void  and\t not\nvoidable  and  the  suit was, therefore,  in  time  and\t was\ndecreed.\n590\nThe  appeal  filed by the appellant  before  the  Additional\nDistt.\tJudge and the High Court failed.\nThe  appellant, therefore, preferred this appeal by  special\nleave.\nDismissing the appeal, this court,\nHELD : 1. The provisions of section 8 of the Hindu  Minority\nand Guardianship Act, 1956 are devised to fully protect\t the\nproperty  (.if\ta minor, even from the depredations  of\t his\nparents.   Section  8 empowers only the\t legal\tguardian  to\nalienate a minor's immovable property provided it is for the\nnecessity  or  benefit\tof the minor or his  estate  and  it\nfurther\t requires  that such alienation\t shall\tbe  effected\nafter the permission of the Court has been obtained.\"\n2.  It was difficult, therefore, to hold that the  sale,  by\nreason of the fact that the mother of the minor\t respondents\nsigned\tthe  sale  deed\t and the  father  attested  it,\t was\nvoidable, not void. (592-G)\n3.  The\t attestation of the sale deed by the  father  showed\nthat  he was very much existent and in the picture.   If  he\nwas,  then the sale by the mother, notwithstanding the\tfact\nthat  the father attested it, cannot he held to be  sale  by\nthe father and natural guardian satisfying the\trequirements\nof section 8. (592-<a href=\"\/doc\/1377832\/\">E)\nJijabai\t Vithalrao Gajre v. Pathankhan &amp; Ors.  AIR<\/a>  1971  SC\n315, distinguished. (662-A)\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 2198 of 1986.<br \/>\nFrom  the Judgment and order dated 17.12.1985 of the  Punjab<br \/>\nand Haryana High Court in R.S.A No. 1155 of 1977.<br \/>\nS.M. Ashri for the Appellant.\n<\/p>\n<p>Ms. Kawaljit Kochar for J.D. Jain for the Respondents.<br \/>\nThe Judgment of the Court was delivered by<br \/>\nBHARUCHA,J.   This  appeal by special leave  challenges\t the<br \/>\njudgment and<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">591<\/span><br \/>\norder  of  the Punjab &amp; Harvana High  Court  dismissing\t the<br \/>\nappeal filed before it by the appellant.\n<\/p>\n<p>The  suit relates to 9 Kanals 13 Marlas of land\t at  village<br \/>\nQayampur.   The\t said land was owned by Rajinder  Singh\t and<br \/>\nBaldev Singh, the respondents, and was sold while they\twere<br \/>\nstill  minors  by their mother Gurkirpal,  acting  as  their<br \/>\nguardian,  to  the appellant under a  registered  sale\tdeed<br \/>\ndated\t30th  July,  1964.   Upon  attaining  majority\t the<br \/>\nrespondents  sued the appellant for possession of  the\tsaid<br \/>\nland  on the ground that the sale thereof having  been\tmade<br \/>\nwithout the permission of the court was void.  The appellant<br \/>\nin  his written statement and at the time of hearing of\t the<br \/>\nsuit  relied  heavily upon the fact that the sale  deed\t had<br \/>\nbeen attested by the father of the respondents and that\t the<br \/>\nsale should. therefore, be deemed to have been a sale by the<br \/>\nlegal  guardian of the respondents.  It was  also  contended<br \/>\nthat  the sale had been for legal necessity and the  benefit<br \/>\nof  the\t respondents.  The suit, it was\t also  alleged,\t was<br \/>\nbarred\tby limitation because, the sale being  voidable\t and<br \/>\nnot void, it had not been brought within three years of each<br \/>\nof  the\t respondents attaining majority.   The\ttrial  court<br \/>\nframed appropriate issues and came to the conclusion that it<br \/>\nhad not been proved that the sale was for legal necessity or<br \/>\nfor  the  benefit of the respondents; that the sale  by\t the<br \/>\nrespondent&#8217;s mother without the permission of the court\t was<br \/>\nvoid;  and that the sale was void and not voidable  and\t the<br \/>\nsuit  was,  therefore, in time.\t The appeals  filed  by\t the<br \/>\nappellant before the Additional District Judge.\t Ambala\t and<br \/>\nthe High Court failed.\n<\/p>\n<p>Learned counsel for the appellant placed great reliance upon<br \/>\nthe fact that the sale deed had been attested by the  father<br \/>\nof the respondents and submitted that the sale deed  should,<br \/>\ntherefore, be taken to have been entered into by the natural<br \/>\nguardian  of the respondents for legal necessity  and  their<br \/>\nbenefit.\n<\/p>\n<p>Section\t 8 of the Hindu Minority and Guardianship  Act\tsets<br \/>\nout  the  powers of the natural guardian of a  Hindu  minor.<br \/>\nThe natural guardian of a Hindu Minor has power, subject  to<br \/>\nthe  provisions\t of  section 8, to do  all  acts  which\t are<br \/>\nnecessary  or reasonable and proper for the benefit  of\t the<br \/>\nminor or his estate.  The natural guardian, however, may not<br \/>\nwithout\t the previous permission of the court sell any\tpart<br \/>\nof  the\t immovable property of the minor.  Any\tdisposal  of<br \/>\nimmovable property which is not necessary or reasonable\t and<br \/>\nproper\tfor  the  benefit of the minor\tor  is\twithout\t the<br \/>\nprevious permission of the court is voidable at the instance<br \/>\nof the minor.\n<\/p>\n<p>In the instant case, there, is, as found by the trial  court<br \/>\nand affirmed in appeal, no evidence beyond the bare word  of<br \/>\nthe  appellant\tthat  the sale deed had been  made  for\t the<br \/>\nbenefit\t of the minor respondents and his evidence had\tbeen<br \/>\neroded in cross-\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">592<\/span><\/p>\n<p>examination  so\t that  there was no  &#8220;reliable\tevidence  on<br \/>\nrecord to show that the alienation in dispute had been\tmade<br \/>\nfor   the  legal  necessity  or\t for  the  benefit  of\t the<br \/>\nplaintiffs.    That  the  sale\twas  effected  without\t the<br \/>\npermission  of\tthe  court is not  dispute.   The  sale\t is,<br \/>\ntherefore, in any event, voidable.\n<\/p>\n<p>The  question is whether, in the circumstances of the  case,<br \/>\nit may be said that the sale was effected by the father\t and<br \/>\nnatural guardian of the respondents because he had  attested<br \/>\nthe sale deed executed by the mother of the respondents.  In<br \/>\nthis  behalf  our  attention was  invited  to  this  Court&#8217;s<br \/>\njudgment  in  <a href=\"\/doc\/1377832\/\">Jijabai Vithalrao Gajre  vs.   Pathankhan\t and<br \/>\nors.<\/a>,  AIR 1971 S.C. 315.  This was a case in which  it\t was<br \/>\nheld that the position in Hindu law was that when the father<br \/>\nwas alive he was the natural guardian and it was only  after<br \/>\nhim that the mother became the natural guardian.  Where\t the<br \/>\nfather\twas alive but had fallen out with the mother of\t the<br \/>\nminor  child  and was living separately\t for  several  years<br \/>\nwithout taking any interest in the affairs of the minor, who<br \/>\nwas in the keeping and care of the mother, it was held that,<br \/>\nin the peculiar circumstances, the father should be  treated<br \/>\nas  if\tnonexistent  and, therefore,  the  mother  could  be<br \/>\nconsidered as the natural guardian of the minor&#8217;s person  as<br \/>\nwell as property, having power to bind the minor by  dealing<br \/>\nwith her immovable property.\n<\/p>\n<p>In  the present case, there is no evidence to show that\t the<br \/>\nfather\tof  the respondents was not taking any\tinterest  in<br \/>\ntheir  affairs or that they were in keeping and care of\t the<br \/>\nmother\tto  the\t exclusion  of the  father.   In  fact,\t his<br \/>\nattestation  of\t the sale deed shows that he was  very\tmuch<br \/>\nexistent  and in the picture.  If he was, then the  sale  by<br \/>\nthe  mother,  notwith  standing the  fact  that\t the  father<br \/>\nattested  it, cannot be held to be a sale by the father\t and<br \/>\nnatural guardian satisfying the requirements of section 8.<br \/>\nThe Provisions of section 8 are devised to fully protect the<br \/>\nproperty  of  a\t minor, even from the  depredations  of\t his<br \/>\nparents.   Section  8 empowers only the\t legal\tguardian  to<br \/>\nalienate a minor s immovable property provided it is for the<br \/>\nnecessity  or  benefit\tof the minor or his  estate  and  it<br \/>\nfurther\t requires  that such alienation\t shall\tbe  effected<br \/>\nafter the permission of the court has been obtained.  It  is<br \/>\ndifficult,  therefore, to hold that the sale  was  voidable,<br \/>\nnot void, by reason of the fact that the mother of the minor<br \/>\nrespondents signed the sale deed and the father attested it.<br \/>\nIn  the result, the appeal is dismissed with no order as  to<br \/>\ncosts.\n<\/p>\n<p>G.S. Appeal dismissed.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">593<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Panni Lal vs Rajinder Singh And Anr on 5 May, 1993 Equivalent citations: 1993 SCR (3) 589, 1993 SCC (4) 38 Author: B S.P. Bench: Bharucha S.P. (J) PETITIONER: PANNI LAL Vs. RESPONDENT: RAJINDER SINGH AND ANR. DATE OF JUDGMENT05\/05\/1993 BENCH: BHARUCHA S.P. (J) BENCH: BHARUCHA S.P. (J) PUNCHHI, M.M. CITATION: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Panni Lal vs Rajinder Singh And Anr on 5 May, 1993 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/panni-lal-vs-rajinder-singh-and-anr-on-5-may-1993\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Panni Lal vs Rajinder Singh And Anr on 5 May, 1993 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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