{"id":59153,"date":"1996-10-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1996-09-30T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/punjab-wakf-board-vs-shakur-masih-on-1-october-1996"},"modified":"2018-06-05T00:11:05","modified_gmt":"2018-06-04T18:41:05","slug":"punjab-wakf-board-vs-shakur-masih-on-1-october-1996","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/punjab-wakf-board-vs-shakur-masih-on-1-october-1996","title":{"rendered":"Punjab Wakf Board vs Shakur Masih on 1 October, 1996"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Punjab Wakf Board vs Shakur Masih on 1 October, 1996<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: K. Ramaswamy, G.B. Pattanaik<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nPUNJAB WAKF BOARD\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nSHAKUR MASIH\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\t01\/10\/1996\n\nBENCH:\nK. RAMASWAMY, G.B. PATTANAIK\n\n\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>\t\t\t O R D E R<br \/>\n     This appeal  by special  leave arises from the judgment<br \/>\nof the\tlearned single\tJudge of  the High Court of Himachal<br \/>\nPradesh, Shimla made on March 16, 1994 in RSA No.97\/93.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The admitted facts are that Najaf Khan was the owner of<br \/>\nthe properties,\t namely, houses and shops situated in Jutog.<br \/>\nHe had\texecuted a  Will on  August 29, 1949 bequeathing all<br \/>\nhis properties\tto his\tson&#8217;s  mother-in-law,  namely,\tSmt.<br \/>\nMusomat Kariman.  He added a note to the Will on dated 29.9.<br \/>\n1949 stating thus:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>     &#8220;After   the   death   of\t Masomat<br \/>\n     Kariman, my  entire property  would<br \/>\n     become wakf an the income from that<br \/>\n     would be  spent for the maintenance<br \/>\n     of\t the  Mosque  at  Jatog.  Nobody<br \/>\n     shall  have  the  right  either  to<br \/>\n     mortgage or sell these properties.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     The appellant filed the suit for declaration that it is<br \/>\na wakf\tproperty and  the respondent  has no manner of right<br \/>\nwhatsoever. All the courts below have concurrently held that<br \/>\nthe wakf  has not been created by Najaf Khan and, therefore,<br \/>\nthe will  is void and the wakf thereby has not been created.<br \/>\nThe question  is: whether the view taken by the courts below<br \/>\nincluding the High Court is correct in law?\n<\/p>\n<p>     In Chapter\t XII of\t the principles\t of  Mohomedan\tLaw,<br \/>\nNineteenth Edition  edited by  M. Hidayatullah, former Chief<br \/>\nJustice of  this Court,\t it is\tstated\tthat  a\t wakf  means<br \/>\npermanent dedication  by a  person professing  the Mussalman<br \/>\nfaith of  any property\tfor any\t purpose recognized  by\t the<br \/>\nMussalman law  as  religious,  pious  or  charitable.  Under<br \/>\nSection 174, the dedication must be permanent. Under Section<br \/>\n176, the  subject of  wakf must\t belong to the wakf, namely,<br \/>\nthe property  dedicated by  way of  wakf must  belong to the<br \/>\nwakf (dedicator)  at the  time of  dedication. Under Section<br \/>\n191, contingent\t wakf is  not valid.  It is essential to the<br \/>\nvalidity of a wakf that the appropriation should not be made<br \/>\nto depend  on a contingency. Where the deed of wakf provides<br \/>\nthat the  ultimate gift to charity is to take effect only if<br \/>\na certain person dies without leaving any issue, the rule of<br \/>\ncontingency  under  the\t Mahomedan  law\t would\taffect\tsuch<br \/>\ndisposition, and the position in that respect is not altered<br \/>\nby anything in the Mussalman Wakf Validating Act, 1913. That<br \/>\nAct undoubtedly\t authorizes a  postponement of\tthe ultimate<br \/>\ngift to\t charity, which\t would not have been valid under the<br \/>\noriginal  law,\t but  it  does\tnot  abrogate  the  rule  of<br \/>\ncontingency under the Mohamedan law .\n<\/p>\n<p>     In the Will, the testator has stated as under :<br \/>\n     &#8220;I am  writing this  will\tfor  the<br \/>\n     reasons that  I have become old and<br \/>\n     I do  not know  when I would die. I<br \/>\n     have neither  any child and nor any<br \/>\n     legal, heir,   the\t only person who<br \/>\n     have served  me,  is  my  late  son<br \/>\n     Gohar Khan&#8217;s  mother-in-law and she<br \/>\n     is still  serving me,  and she also<br \/>\n     ha no legal heir. She does not have<br \/>\n     any property,  for\t the  income  of<br \/>\n     which she\tmay be\table to maintain<br \/>\n     herself after  my death. Since this<br \/>\n     lady Musamat  Kariman has served me<br \/>\n     devotedly\tand   has  been\t looking<br \/>\n     after my houses and shops which are<br \/>\n     situated at  Jatog and I therefore,<br \/>\n     execute this will, written by me in<br \/>\n     my own hand writing and attested by<br \/>\n     the executive  officer of the Jatog<br \/>\n     Cant  and\t also  signed\tby   the<br \/>\n     witnesses.\t Whatever   movable  and<br \/>\n     immovable properties  I  have,  she<br \/>\n     will   own\t   and\t possess   these<br \/>\n     properties. She  would withdraw  my<br \/>\n     pension and  whatever would be left<br \/>\n     after  (meeting   expenses\t in)  my<br \/>\n     burial, she  would spend  on Fateha<br \/>\n     as\t per   the  Muslim   rites   and<br \/>\n     customs.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>     A reading of it would indicate that the testator&#8217;s only<br \/>\nson died during his life time. He left behind his mother-in-<br \/>\nlaw, namely,  Smt. Musamat  Kariman who\t was living with the<br \/>\ntestator. She also had no other issue. She was looking after<br \/>\nhim and\t the properties. Therefore, he had executed the Will<br \/>\nand bequeathed\tthe movable  end immovable properties to her<br \/>\nin those  wors. &#8220;She  will own and possess these properties.<br \/>\nShe would  withdraw my\tpension and  whatever would  be left<br \/>\nafter (meeting\texpenses in)  by burial,  she would spent on<br \/>\nFateha as  per the  Muslim rites  and customs.&#8221; Thus, he had<br \/>\ngiven the  properties by way of absolute disposition to her.<br \/>\nThe question  Arises: whether the contingent wakf created in<br \/>\nthe note  would be  valid in  law and  a valid wakf has been<br \/>\ncreated thereunder? It has been held by the Privy Council in<br \/>\nAamjad Khan  vs. Ashraf\t Khan  &amp;  Ors.\t[AIR  1929  PC\t149]<br \/>\nfollowed by  other decision  in Rasoolbibi  vs.\t Yusuf\tAjam<br \/>\nPipersi [AIR  1933 Bom. 324]; Bai Saroobai vs. Hussein Somji<br \/>\n&amp; Ors.\t[AIR 1936  Bom. 330  and MT.  Mehraj Begum  vs.\t Din<br \/>\nMohammad [AIR  1937 Lahore  669] that  in Mohammad Law, if a<br \/>\nbequest is  made by  way of Will in future or subject to the<br \/>\ncontingency, the  condition is\tvoid. In  Section 191 of the<br \/>\nMulla&#8217;s Principles  of Mohamedan Law it is stated that it is<br \/>\nessential to  the validity  of a wakf that the appropriation<br \/>\nshould not be made to depend on a contingency. It would thus<br \/>\nbe clear  that a  disposition by way of Will given in future<br \/>\nor subject  to the  contingency or  conditional one  is void<br \/>\nunder  the   Mohamedan\tLaw.   A  bequest  creating  a\twakf<br \/>\ncontingent upon\t the life  time of  the Mussamat  Kariman is<br \/>\ninvalid and,  therefore, the  contingent wakf  is not  valid<br \/>\nwakf as\t per Section  191 of the principles of Mohamedan Law<br \/>\nreferred to  hereinbefore. It  would thus  be seen that view<br \/>\ntaken by  the High Court is not vitiated by any error of law<br \/>\nwarranting interference.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The appeal is accordingly dismissed. No costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Punjab Wakf Board vs Shakur Masih on 1 October, 1996 Bench: K. Ramaswamy, G.B. Pattanaik PETITIONER: PUNJAB WAKF BOARD Vs. RESPONDENT: SHAKUR MASIH DATE OF JUDGMENT: 01\/10\/1996 BENCH: K. RAMASWAMY, G.B. PATTANAIK ACT: HEADNOTE: JUDGMENT: O R D E R This appeal by special leave arises from the judgment of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Punjab Wakf Board vs Shakur Masih on 1 October, 1996 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/punjab-wakf-board-vs-shakur-masih-on-1-october-1996\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Punjab Wakf Board vs Shakur Masih on 1 October, 1996 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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