{"id":61490,"date":"2008-01-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-01-01T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008"},"modified":"2016-05-27T15:51:33","modified_gmt":"2016-05-27T10:21:33","slug":"ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008","title":{"rendered":"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court<\/div>\n
Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008<\/div>\n
       \n\n  \n\n  \n\n \n \n  IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM\n\nWP(C) No. 31002 of 2007(N)\n\n\n1. RAMLA MAKKAR, W\/O.MAKKAR, AGED 40\n                      ...  Petitioner\n\n                        Vs\n\n\n\n1. THE STATE OF KERALA\n                       ...       Respondent\n\n2. THE DISTRICT SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE,\n\n3. THE VICE CHANCELLOR,\n\n4. THE PRINCIPAL, KMCT ENGINEERING\n\n5. THE ADMINISTRATOR,\n\n                For Petitioner  :SRI.ALEXANDER JOSEPH\n\n                For Respondent  :SRI.MILLU DANDAPANI\n\nThe Hon'ble MR. Justice ANTONY DOMINIC\n\n Dated :02\/01\/2008\n\n O R D E R\n                       ANTONY DOMINIC, J.\n                      ===============\n                  W.P.(C) NO. 31002 OF 2007 N\n                =====================\n\n             Dated this the 2nd day of January, 2008\n\n                          J U D G M E N T\n<\/pre>\n
        Petitioner’s son Sri.Mohammed Shan, was admitted in the<\/p>\n
4th respondent College for B.Tech. It is stated that at the time of<\/p>\n
admission, they had paid Rs.2.25 lakhs towards capitation<\/p>\n
fee\/donation and Ext.P1 receipt shows that they had also paid an<\/p>\n
amount of Rs.74,405\/-.        On joining in the college, he was<\/p>\n
admitted in a hostel by name Hira Hostel on the 27th September<\/p>\n
2007. It is alleged that on 28\/9\/07 morning, four senior students<\/p>\n
of the college came to his room and ragged him, severely<\/p>\n
inflicting physical and mental torture. Thereupon, the student<\/p>\n
rang up his relation, who contacted the warden of the hostel and<\/p>\n
requested for lodging a police complaint. The warden assured him<\/p>\n
all safety and security of the student, but then the assurance was<\/p>\n
proved to be futile when the ragging repeated on 4\/10\/2007<\/p>\n
WPC 31002\/07
\n                               :2 :<\/span><\/p>\n
evening at about 7.50 P.M when six senior students allegedly<\/p>\n
tortured the child physically and mentally. The child was<\/p>\n
threatened against making any complaint to the authorities. On<\/p>\n
being informed, the Warden was again contacted in the same<\/p>\n
evening with a request to report the matter to the police. It is<\/p>\n
stated that this also did not yield any result and the situation<\/p>\n
continued as before on 5\/10\/2007. As a result of the continued<\/p>\n
ragging, it was not possible for the child to continue his studies<\/p>\n
and he informed his father employed in Quatar and requested<\/p>\n
him to save his life. Thereupon, the father came to Kerala,<\/p>\n
contacted respondents 4 and 5, who were indifferent to the<\/p>\n
fervent pleas made by the father and the student.        In these<\/p>\n
circumstances, the parents were convinced that the child cannot<\/p>\n
continue his education in the college and finally, they submitted<\/p>\n
Ext.P2 complaint requesting inter alia for returning the fees and<\/p>\n
original certificates and other amounts collected from them.<\/p>\n
Even as there was no response to this complaint, this writ<\/p>\n
petition was filed.\n<\/p>\n
      2.   The prayers made in this writ petition are for directing<\/p>\n
WPC 31002\/07
\n                                :3 :<\/span><\/p>\n
the authorities to take action not only against the students<\/p>\n
involved, but also against the College authorities.     There is a<\/p>\n
further payer to direct the respondents 4 and 5 to return the<\/p>\n
certificates entrusted to them on admission and also refund<\/p>\n
Rs.2.25 lakhs collected towards capitation fee and also<\/p>\n
Rs.74,405\/-    towards    fees.     Petitioner  is   also   seeking<\/p>\n
compensation of Rs.2 lakhs.\n<\/p>\n
      3.    In view of the allegations in the writ petition, notice<\/p>\n
was ordered to be served on respondents 4 and 5, who have<\/p>\n
filed a counter affidavit. In the counter affidavit while they deny<\/p>\n
the allegation of having collected capitation fee\/donation, they<\/p>\n
admit receipt of Rs.74,405\/- as tuition fee. It is stated that the<\/p>\n
petitioner’s  child  had    submitted   Ext.R4(1)   complaint    on<\/p>\n
3\/10\/2007 and that based on the complaint, an enquiry<\/p>\n
committee consisting of three teachers was constituted by Ext.R4<\/p>\n
(2) with a direction to conduct a detailed enquiry and submit<\/p>\n
report within 24 hours. It is stated that notice was issued to the<\/p>\n
students “who indulged in the above act” and directed them to<\/p>\n
report with their parents and Ext.R4(3) is the notice. According to<\/p>\n
WPC 31002\/07
\n                                :4 :<\/span><\/p>\n
the 4th respondent, the Committee conducted a detailed enquiry,<\/p>\n
heard the students, “who were involved in the incident” and<\/p>\n
Ext.R4(4) report was submitted. It is also stated that based on<\/p>\n
the report “this respondent took undertaking from the parents of<\/p>\n
the students who were alleged to be involved in the act and also<\/p>\n
got unconditional apology letter from these students”. Ext.R4(5)<\/p>\n
is the copy of the undertaking so obtained. On this basis, it is<\/p>\n
contended that the allegation of ragging on 4\/10\/2007 and<\/p>\n
5\/10\/2007 is incorrect as according to the 4th respondent, enquiry<\/p>\n
was going on these two days.        It is also stated that “as the<\/p>\n
matter stood and situation was brought under the control and<\/p>\n
being monitored under the supervision of this respondent”, they<\/p>\n
were surprised to receive Ext.P2 letter from the petitioner making<\/p>\n
allegations of recurrence of the incident. The counter affidavit<\/p>\n
concludes by stating that in view of Ext.R4(7) if the student<\/p>\n
discontinues the course for any reason, he is bound to pay the<\/p>\n
entire tuition fee. Therefore, according to the respondents, even<\/p>\n
if the student wants to go away, he cannot ask for refund of the<\/p>\n
amount paid, but has to pay entire tuition fee for return of the<\/p>\n
WPC 31002\/07
\n                               :5 :<\/span><\/p>\n
documents.\n<\/p>\n
      4.  When the writ petition was taken up for hearing, while<\/p>\n
counsel for the petitioner reiterated the complaint of continued<\/p>\n
ragging and consequential inability of the student to continue in<\/p>\n
the College, counsel for the 4th respondent was vehemently<\/p>\n
denying those allegations. During the course of the submissions,<\/p>\n
he had also stated that    College is not against returning the<\/p>\n
documents, but the student has to comply with Ext.R4(7)<\/p>\n
undertaking that he has given at the time of admission.<\/p>\n
      5.  In view of this, what calls for decision is whether the<\/p>\n
management can justifiably demand that the student should<\/p>\n
comply with the undertaking he has given for return of the<\/p>\n
documents particularly in the circumstances that are available in<\/p>\n
this case.\n<\/p>\n
      6.  According to the petitioner, the reason for the<\/p>\n
discontinuance of course was the continued ragging that has<\/p>\n
occurred. It is true that the respondents 4 and 5 have denied<\/p>\n
this averment. On a reading of the counter affidavit and also the<\/p>\n
documents produced along with the affidavit, I am inclined to<\/p>\n
WPC 31002\/07
\n                                 :6 :<\/span><\/p>\n
think that the anxiety of the 4th respondent is more to protect<\/p>\n
himself rather than to remedy the situation. I am also inclined to<\/p>\n
think that what the 4th respondent says is not fully correct.<\/p>\n
     7.    In the counter affidavit, the 4th respondent has totally<\/p>\n
denied the allegations of ragging and for this purpose is entirely<\/p>\n
relying on Ext.R4(4) enquiry report. A reference of Ext.R4(4)<\/p>\n
shows that it is a very unsatisfactory report. An enquiry report<\/p>\n
cannot be more laconic and in the counter affidavit, while the<\/p>\n
report is described as a detailed one, there is absolutely no<\/p>\n
reasons given for the conclusions in the report nor has the<\/p>\n
Committee adverted to the materials they say they have<\/p>\n
collected.\n<\/p>\n
     8.    It totally remains a mystery as to why six senior<\/p>\n
students in the college visited the room of the petitioner’s child, a<\/p>\n
fresh student in the college. It is unimaginable as to why the<\/p>\n
whole crowd should visit the room of a fresher in search of a text<\/p>\n
book. This conduct of the students is not beyond shadow of doubt<\/p>\n
and I am surprised that the Committee did not find anything<\/p>\n
unnatural in this and has fully exonerated the students.<\/p>\n
WPC 31002\/07
\n                               :7 :<\/span><\/p>\n
     9.    If what the Committee and the Principal says is to be<\/p>\n
believed, it again is a mystery as to why they should have<\/p>\n
obtained Ext.R4(5) undertaking from the students and also from<\/p>\n
the parents concerned. The undertaking is to the effect that “In<\/p>\n
the near future, any act of ragging will never happen from my<\/p>\n
part. I apologise for whatever has happened yesterday”. To any<\/p>\n
sensible mind, the wording of this undertaking would sound as<\/p>\n
one suggesting that before giving this undertaking, ragging has<\/p>\n
infact taken place. Otherwise, if the students are as innocent as<\/p>\n
the 4th respondent would want this court to believe, the students<\/p>\n
need not have apologised for whatever that had happened on the<\/p>\n
previous day.\n<\/p>\n
     10. Equally apologetic is the undertaking of the parent on<\/p>\n
Ext.R4(5).    If the students have not committed any act of<\/p>\n
delinquency, the parent would not have left it totally free to the<\/p>\n
College authorities to take any action against the students in<\/p>\n
future. Therefore, going by Ext.R4(5), I am inclined to take the<\/p>\n
view that what the 4th respondent has disclosed in his affidavit is<\/p>\n
not fully correct. I am also unsatisfied in the manner in which<\/p>\n
WPC 31002\/07
\n                               :8 :<\/span><\/p>\n
the Committee has dealt with this issue.\n<\/p>\n
      11. At the same time, in view of the denial of the 4th<\/p>\n
respondent of having collected the capitation fee\/donation, I am<\/p>\n
not able to conclude this issue in favour of the petitioner.<\/p>\n
Similarly, the petitioner’s claim of compensation also is<\/p>\n
unsustainable. If at all the petitioner feels that in view of any<\/p>\n
damage that has been caused they should be compensated, it is<\/p>\n
for the petitioner to adduce evidence and establish her case<\/p>\n
before a Civil Court. Such claims cannot be decided in a writ<\/p>\n
petition and that too based only on the affidavits of the rival<\/p>\n
contestants.\n<\/p>\n
      12. Similarly in so far as the first prayer in the writ<\/p>\n
petition to take action against the college and the student<\/p>\n
concerned, in view of the lapse of time, that has passed from the<\/p>\n
date of occurrence, I am not inclined to grant that relief although<\/p>\n
I am not satisfied with the conduct of the 4th and 5th respondents.<\/p>\n
      13. Resultantly, I am inclined to dispose of this writ<\/p>\n
petition directing that respondents 4 and 5 shall return all the<\/p>\n
certificates of the petitioner’s son along with the fee of<\/p>\n
WPC 31002\/07
\n                                :9 :<\/span><\/p>\n
Rs.74,405\/- acknowledged by them in Ext.P1, without insisting<\/p>\n
on the petitioner or the student complying with Ext.R4(7)<\/p>\n
undertaking given by the student.\n<\/p>\n
      In view of the above, the writ petition will stand allowed and<\/p>\n
respondents 4 and 5 will refund the fee collected from the<\/p>\n
petitioner and return the documents to him, as expeditiously as<\/p>\n
possible, at any rate within one week of production of a copy of<\/p>\n
this judgment.\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                     ANTONY DOMINIC, JUDGE.\n<\/p>\n
Rp<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kerala High Court Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM WP(C) No. 31002 of 2007(N) 1. RAMLA MAKKAR, W\/O.MAKKAR, AGED 40 … Petitioner Vs 1. THE STATE OF KERALA … Respondent 2. THE DISTRICT SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE, 3. THE VICE CHANCELLOR, 4. THE […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-high-court","category-kerala-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nRamla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2008-01-01T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-05-27T10:21:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008\",\"datePublished\":\"2008-01-01T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-05-27T10:21:33+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008\"},\"wordCount\":1582,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"High Court\",\"Kerala High Court\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008\",\"name\":\"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2008-01-01T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-05-27T10:21:33+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"name\":\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"description\":\"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"alternateName\":\"Legal India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/LegalindiaCom\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Legal_india\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\",\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Legal India Admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legaliadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/author\\\/legal-india-admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008","og_site_name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","article_published_time":"2008-01-01T18:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2016-05-27T10:21:33+00:00","og_image":[{"width":512,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Legal India Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legaliadmin","twitter_site":"@Legal_india","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Legal India Admin","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008"},"author":{"name":"Legal India Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea"},"headline":"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008","datePublished":"2008-01-01T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2016-05-27T10:21:33+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008"},"wordCount":1582,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"articleSection":["High Court","Kerala High Court"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008","name":"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website"},"datePublished":"2008-01-01T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2016-05-27T10:21:33+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ramla-makkar-vs-the-state-of-kerala-on-2-january-2008#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ramla Makkar vs The State Of Kerala on 2 January, 2008"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","description":"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization","name":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","alternateName":"Legal India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea","name":"Legal India Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Legal India Admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com","https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin"}]}},"modified_by":null,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61490","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61490"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61490\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}