{"id":65566,"date":"1951-06-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1951-06-21T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-state-of-bombay-vs-ramgopal-ganpatrai-ruia-on-22-june-1951"},"modified":"2019-04-04T15:33:33","modified_gmt":"2019-04-04T10:03:33","slug":"the-state-of-bombay-vs-ramgopal-ganpatrai-ruia-on-22-june-1951","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-state-of-bombay-vs-ramgopal-ganpatrai-ruia-on-22-june-1951","title":{"rendered":"The State Of Bombay vs Ramgopal Ganpatrai Ruia on 22 June, 1951"},"content":{"rendered":"
Bombay High Court<\/div>\n
The State Of Bombay vs Ramgopal Ganpatrai Ruia on 22 June, 1951<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: AIR 1952 Bom 76, (1951) 53 BOMLR 827, ILR 1952 Bom 189<\/div>\n
Author: Vyas<\/div>\n
Bench: Bhagwati, Vyas<\/div>\n<\/p>\n
<\/pre>\n
JUDGMENT<\/p>\n
 FACTS <\/p>\n
 1. One Raja Dhanraj Girji (complainant) was the sole proprietor of a mill called Dhanraj Mills till 1935, in which year he converted the mills Into a limited company. He was the managing agent and chairman of the board of directors till 1937. In that year he transferred the managing agency of the limited company to Ramgopal Ganpatrai Ruia (accused No. 1) who remained in charge of the managing agency till 1943. In 1943 accused No. 1 formed two private limited companies, viz. Ramgopal Ganpatrai & Sons, Ltd., and Ramrikhdas Balkisan & Sons, Ltd., referred to hereinafter as R. G. & Sons, Ltd., and R. B. & Sons, Ltd. R. G. & Sons, Ltd., was given the managing agency of the mills and R. B. & Sons, Ltd., was given the selling agency of the mills. The complainant was given 0-6-0 share in these two companies of R. G. & Sons, Ltd., and R. B. & Sons, Ltd., and the rest of the shares were mainly held by accused No. 1 and the members of his family. Till 1946 the complainant remained a chairman of the board of directors of the Dhanraj Mills, Ltd., and also got his 0-6-0 share in R. G. & Sons, Ltd., and R. B. & Sons, Ltd. In that year, however, it was alleged against him that he had purchased cloth worth about Rs. 200 from the mills and he was removed from the chairmanship of the board of directors by the other members of the board. After litigation in the Bombay High Court, and the Supreme Court, he regained his position as a chairman of the board of directors of the mills.\n<\/p>\n
2. In the year 1947 the complainant asked accused No. 1 for the inspection of the accounts of the mills. Accused No. 1 refused inspection. In April or May of the year Chhotalal Oza, a purchase clerk for waste yarn and cotton in the mills, informed the complainant that accused Nos. 1 and 2 had committed defalcations of the funds of the mills by the device of bogus purchases and sales of cotton and bogus purchases of mill stores and had misappropriated the moneys of bearer cheques which were issued in the names of fictitious persons. After making certain enquiries the complainant filed a complaint with Crime Investigation Department, Bombay, on July 8 1947. On the same date the office of the mills was raided by the police and several books, registers, vouchers, documents, etc., were seized. Accused Nos. 1 and 2 were arrested on July 18, 1947. On January 19, 1948, a charge-sheet was sent up against the accused at the conclusion of investigation. On March 31, 1948, the case was opened for the State. The matter was adjourned to the next date, namely May 1, 1948, on which date on behalf of the accused a point of procedure was raised whether the Magistrate should record evidence as in a warrant case or as in a committal enquiry. On May 6, 1948, the Magistrate passed an order, saying that having regard to the enormity of the amount involved in the case he would record evidence as in committal proceedings. Recording of evidence went on from June 1948 to December 17, 1949, at the end of which on December 17, 1949, the Magistrate framed seven charges against the accused and decided to dispose of the case himself, although the case was enquired into as a committal proceeding up to that stage.\n<\/p>\n
3. Against the above order of the Magistrate dated December 17, 1949, the State of Bombay went in revision to the High Court. Bavdekar and Chainani JJ. who heard the application<\/p>\n
observed that in their view the case was important, not from the point of view of the importance of the accused, or the importance of the complainant or the person upon whose information the police had started investigating the case, but because of the large amounts alleged to have been defalcated. Mr. Justice Bavdekar who delivered the judgment went on to say that if the charges in regard to all the defalcations were proved, it was obvious that the defalcations being extensive, a substantive sentence of imprisonment and fine would have to be imposed, and that from that point of view the case ought to be committed to the Court of Session. Ultimately, in that revision application, the High Court itself set out the charges and sent down the case to the Magistrate for proceeding further in accordance with the law. The charge against accused No. 1 was as follows:\n<\/p>\n
  “You, accused No. 1, Ramgopal Ganpatrai Ruia, being an agent of the Dhanraj Mills Ltd. and in such capacity entrusted with property, namely the amount of Es. 6,06,661-3-6 being the proceeds of the cheques Exs. J-22, J-23, J-25, H-3, H-4, J-1, J-2, J-4, J-5, J-30 to J-32, J-33, J-34, J-10 to J-13, belonging to the said Mills, committed at Bombay, between the dates the August 21, 1945, and December 31, 1945, criminal breach of trust with respect to the property, and thereby committed an offence punishable under section 409 of the Indian Penal Code and within the cognizance of the Court of Session of the City of Greater Bombay.”\n<\/p>\n
4. The charge against accused No. 2 was as under: “You,   accused   No.   2,   Harprasad   Ghasiram Gupta and Ramgopal Ganpatrai Ruia, accused No. 1, between the dates of August 21, 1945, and December 31, 1945, at Bombay committed the offence of criminal breach of trust as an agent in respect of the amount of Rs. 6,06,661-3-6 being the proceeds of the cheques Exs. J-22, J-23,  J-25,  H-3,  H-4,  J-1,  J-2,  J-4,  J-5, J-30 to J-32, J-33, J-34, J-10 to J-13, belonging to the said Mills and that you between the said dates and at the same place abetted the said accused No. 1  Ramgopal Ganpatrai Ruia  in  the commission of the said offence of criminal breach of trust as an agent, which was committed in consequence of your abetment   and  you   have  thereby  committed   an  offence   punishable   under   section   109   read with   Section 409 of the Indian Penal Code  and  within  the  cognizance  of the  Court of Session, Greater Bombay.”  The Magistrate under Section 213 of the Criminal procedure Code cancelled the charges  framed against  the  accused  and directed the accused to   be  discharged,   observing  in   his   judgment as follows:\n<\/p>\n
  “I do not think that I will be justified in permitting the time of another Court being  occupied for this case unless a conviction in this case is reasonably probable. For several reasons given above and looking to the evidence of the prosecution as regards the question of delivery being taken or not, I am of the opinion that on the evidence before me no criminal Court would convict the accused and I therefore hold that there are no sufficient grounds for committing the accused for trial and this is not a fit case to go to the Sessions. On the contrary I am of the opinion that sending this case to the Sessions and permitting this matter to be<\/p>\n
further spun out in the Court of Session would mean unnecessary waste of public time.”\n<\/p>\n
5. The State of Bombay applied in revision to the High Court against the order of dicharge passed by the Magistrate.\n<\/p>\n
 Vyas, J.\n<\/p>\n
 (1) (His Lordship  after  dealing  with the facts and the evidence in the case proceeded in his judgment as follows:)   This takes us immediately to the point about the powers of a Magistrate in a committal enquiry.   Is he entitled to consider and weigh the evidence, and if so, to what extent and with what objective ? In   this  context  our attention   was  invited  by Mr. Amin to the decision of ‘Emperor v. Ram-Chandra Gore’, 137 Bom L R 16). It was a case in which the accused was charged with the murder of his second wife Tulsa and the only material evidence was that of a witness who said that he had seen the dead body of the woman alleged to  have been murdered being brought out of the hut of the accused and thrown into a well. The   Magistrate   considered  that   evidence   and weighed it and came to the conclusion that it did not afford sufficient ground for committing the   accused  to the Court  of Session.   He   accordingly discharged the accused.   On revision to the Court of Session, the Sessions Judge set aside that order, and in further revision application to the High Court, the order of the Sessions Judge was set aside.   It was held in that case that   the  committing   Magistrate   was  entitled   to   weigh   and   appreciate   the   evidence led on behalf of the prosecution and on behalf of the defence, and, if, on a consideration of this evidence, at any stage of the preliminary enquiry,   the   Magistrate   was   of   opinion   that there were no sufficient grounds for committing the accused for trial, in other words there was no case which would fairly justify or sustain a  conviction  at the   trial,   or  no   evidence  on which    any    reasonable    person    could    hold the   accused   to   be   guilty,   then   it   was   his duty   to   discharge   the   accused.    It   was   also held   that   the   expression   “sufficient   grounds” meant when there was credible evidence which, if    believed,     would    lead    to    a    conviction of the accused.   In the course of his judgment the learned Chief Justice observed that if the Magistrate   came  to   the   conclusion  that   there was evidence to be weighed, he ought to commit the accused for trial and he ought not to discharge    the    accused    merely    because    he thought that if he were to try the case himself he would not be prepared to convict the accused on the evidence before him.  But, said his Lordship,   if   he   came   to   the   conclusion   that   the evidence for the prosecution was such that no tribunal,   whether   a   Judge  or   jury,   could   be expected to convict the accused, then he ought to discharge him.   Mr. Justice Rangnekar, who also delivered a judgment in that case, pointed out  that  it  seemed to him impossible to  hold upon   the   plain   construction   of   Ss.   209,   210, 211, 212 and 213 of the Code of Criminal Procedure that the Magistrate was a mere recording machine,–a    view    often   pressed   before    the Courts. In  his Lordship’s opinion these sections showed that   a  Magistrate  holding   an   inquiry had wide powers, and for the proper and effective exercise of the same, he must weigh and appreciate the evidence before him.   The question   that  arose  in   that   case  was   whether  it could    be    said    that    there    were    “sufficient grounds” for committing the accused for trial. The words “sufficient grounds” were considered<\/p>\n
In ‘Queen Empress v. Namdev Satvaji’, 11 Bom 372  and  the test  which  was  laid  down  there was that  when credible witnesses  made statements which,  if believed,  would fairly sustain or justify a conviction at the trial, the Magistrate must commit the accused for trial.   Ultimately Rangnekar J.  summed up  his view in the following terms  (p. 27) :\n<\/p>\n
   “…In my opinion the test  laid down in this case is correct.  To put it in simple language, all that the Magistrate has to see is whether there  is  a   ‘prima  facie’  case   on  which  the accused   can   be   put   on   his   trial.    In   most cases no difficulty arises, but cases do occur which   are  on   the  border  line   as to   which no hard and fast rule can be Had down. But I do not see why a Magistrate cannot discharge the accused when on a consideration of the whole of the evidence before him he is of opinion that there is no credible evidence against the   accused.    I   do   not   see   why   he   cannot say so.  There is no harm in taking this view as   the  Magistrate   has   to   give   his   reasons, and  if  they do   not   appeal   to   the   Sessions Judge, it is,  as I shall presently show, open to him to set aside the order.”\n<\/p>\n
 Mr. Amin  for the  accused has strongly relied on these observations and has sought to justify the order of discharge passed by the Magistrate, which order, according to Mr. Amin, was passed after a due consideration and weighing of the evidence before him.\n<\/p>\n
 (2) The next case to which our attention was invited was ‘Emperor v. Varjivandas’, 27 Bom 84. It was observed by Crowe J. who delivered the judgment of the Court in that ease, that the words in Section 209 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, “sufficient grounds for committing” had been explained to mean, not grounds for convicting, but where the evidence was sufficient to put the accused on his trial, and such a case arose when credible witnesses made statements which, if believed, would sustain conviction. His Lordship said that the weighing of their testimonies with regard to improbabilities and apparent discrepancies was more properly a function of the Court having jurisdiction to try the case. It was not necessary, said his Lordship, that the Magistrate should satisfy himself fully of the guilt of the accused before making a committal. It was his duty to commit when the evidence for the prosecution was sufficient to make out a prima facie case against the accused, and he exercised a wrong discretion if he took upon himself to discharge an accused in the face of evidence which might justify a conviction. On this case Mr. Amirt has relied for contending that the Magistrate was justified in weighing the evidence and on this very case Mr. Boovari-wala has relied for his submission that the Magistrate exercised his discretion wrongly in coming to the conclusion that even after considering the mass of material in the case no Court would possibly come to a conclusion that the accused were guilty.\n<\/p>\n
 (3) Another case to which our attention was invited was ‘In re Bai Parvati’, 35 Bom 163. It was a case in which one Bai Parvati was accused of having attempted to commit murder by pushing another woman Jadav into a well. Parvati, the accused, was the mistress of Jadav’s husband, and a good deal of evidence was led for the prosecution. The Magistrate having heard all the evidence tendered came to the<\/p>\n
conclusion which he expressed in the following words   (p.  165):\n<\/p>\n
  “After having closely gone through the evidence as a whole I find that it will be a mere waste of the Sessions Court’s very valuable time if I  commit the accused to it to take her trial there when I myself see that there are   not   sufficient   grounds   for   committing her.”\n<\/p>\n
 So   saying,   he   discharged   Bai   Parvati   under Section 209 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The said order of  discharge was  set   aside by the Sessions   Judge,   and   from   that   order   of   the Sessions Judge an application was made to the High   Court  in   revision.    The  High  Court   set aside the order of the Sessions Judge.    In setting  it   aside  it  was observed by  Mr.  Justice Batchelor,  who delivered the judgment of  the Court, that the Sessions Judge himself did not materially  dissent   from the   Magistrate  in  his view of the effect of the evidence which  was tendered in the case and that upon the Sessions Judge’s own estimate of the value of the evidence the Magistrate was, in his Lordship’s view, within  his rights in ordering the discharge of Bai Parvati and in considering that she should not be exposed to the expense and harassment of a Sessions trial which was practically foredoomed to failure.   On this case also Mr. Amin has relied for his submission that, as observed by the learned Magistrate, a committal of this case  to   the  Court  of  Session   would entail  a waste of public time   and   harassment   of   the accused.   On the other hand, it is contended by Mr. Boovariwala that it would not be a waste of time, but that the time would be profitably spent in the interests of the commercial morality.\n<\/p>\n
 (4) The next case to which we are referred is   ‘Emperor   v.   Bai   Mahalaxmi’,   17   Bom L R 910, in which the Sessions Judge had come to a conclusion that the Magistrate who had discharged the accused had strained his powers and had    himself    cross-examined    the    prosecution witnesses.   The Sessions Judge had further held that    it   was   no   part   of   the   duty   of   the committing    Magistrate    to    decide    about   the truthfulness of witnesses. With that view of the learned  Sessions Judge, Mr. Justice Shah who delivered the judgment of the Court was unable to agree. His Lordship said  (p.  915):\n<\/p>\n
  “…..It has been pointed out  in   a  number
\nof cases of this Court, of which I need refer
\nto only one — ‘In re Bai Parvati’,  35 Bom
\n163 — that if the evidence tendered for the
\nprosecution is totally unworthy of credit, it is
\nnot only within the power of the Magistrate
\nbut it is  his  duty to  discharge the  accused
\nunder Section 209 of the Criminal P. C.   It seems
\nto me that in this case the  Magistrate was
\nwell within his powers in cross-examining the
\nprosecution    witnesses    and    in    considering
\nwhether the witnesses examined on behalf of
\nthe prosecution were credible.”\n<\/p>\n
 Mr. Amin has relied on this case for submitting
\nthat  not only  was  the  Magistrate Justified  in
\nweighing   the   evidence,   but   even   justified   in
\ncross-examining   the   prosecution   witnesses   in
\norder to find out whether there were sufficient
\ngrounds for committing the accused person to
\na Court of Session.\n<\/p>\n
 (5) The last case which is brought to our notice (by Mr. Boovariwala) is the case of ‘Manikka Padayachi v. King Emperor’, 48 Mad 874. In that case the First Class Magistrate of Udaiyarpalaiyam had discharged all the ac-\n<\/p>\n
cused, and the District Magistrate at Trichinopoly, setting aside the said order of discharge, had committed the accused for trial to the Court of Session at Trichinopoly. On a criminal revision application toeing made to the High Court, it was observed by Mr. Justice Shrini-vasa Ayyangar that it was clear from the Code of Criminal Procedure that only one trial was contemplated and that the inquiry before the Magistrate in cases triable by a Court of Session was only in the nature of a preliminary inquiry. Mr. Justice Ayyangar went on to say that Sections 209 and 210 of the Criminal Procedure Code spoke only of there being or not being sufficient grounds for committing the accused for trial. When the Legislature speaks of sufficient grounds for committing for trial, it should not be supposed to have spoken of sufficient grounds for conviction, and similarly when the Legislature speaks of there not being sufficient grounds for committing for trial, it should not be supposed to have spoken of there not being sufficient grounds for conviction. His Lordship went on to say (p. 878):\n<\/p>\n
  “It follows from this that the intention of the Legislature clearly is to make a distinction between grounds for conviction and grounds for committing for trial. Satisfactory proof of the guilt of the accused is the ground for conviction. What then is the ground for committing for trial? Satisfactory evidence to go to trial must be regarded as the ground for committing for trial,”\n<\/p>\n
 Consistently with these observations, it was held in that case that whenever the evidence was of such a nature that the guilt of the accused could be held to be proved or disproved only as the result of the valuing and weighing it by him, the Magistrate must commit the accused to the Court of Session; but if the evidence was of such a nature that no reasonable person would ever on that evidence hold the accused guilty, he must be discharged under Section 209 (1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure.\n<\/p>\n
 (6) The legal position which emerges from the examination of these cases is that the Magistrate in a committal proceeding is entitled to examine and weigh the evidence, not for the purpose of deciding whether it would definitely result in conviction, but with a view to see whether the evidence is such as would lead to an expectation of a probable conviction. He is to consider the evidence in order to see whether there is a prim a facie case which would jutsify committal to the Court of Session, a prima facie case which should go to the jury for ultimate decision. In other words, he should approach the evidence and go into it to decide whether he should commit or not. The correct position is not that he should commit the case to the Sessions Court only if a conviction, in his opinion, is bound to follow . If there are circumstances for and against, if there are probabilities for and against, if there is evidence for and against with which there is nothing wrong prima facie, which on an appraisement by the jury may lead to a conviction or may not, his duty is to commit the case and not discharge the accused. The test is that if there is credible evidence which, if accepted, may lead to conviction, he ought to commit. If the Magistrate comes to the conclusion that the evidence is such that no Court would ever convict, he should not commit the case. In other words, if the state of the evidence is such that in a Sessions Court the Judge, at the very outset, is<\/p>\n
likely to withdraw the case from the jury on, the ground of there being no evidence, or if he is likely,   at  the end,  to  direct the  jury  that ; they  must   acquit the  accused for  absence of j credible evidence, he ought not to commit. Now, therefore, the point in this case is, can we say that the evidence is such that the Judge is in all probability likely to withdraw the case from the   jury   on   the   ground   of   there   being   no evidence.   We  have   already  been  pointed   out by Mr. Boovariwala in this case that the purchase memos are in the name of fictitious suppliers.   It has also been brought to our attention that the various cheques were cashed not by the sellers or their representatives, but by the employees of the mills.  We have also been referred to several receipts which were signed by Ganeshram Girdharlal and accused No. 2 for the fictitious agents of the fictitious persons. We have also been pointed out that in almost  air the cases except two, the sales took place after the purchases.   We have also been shown that the same number of bales of the identical classifications were purported to have been purchased and   sold.    If   we   turn   to   the   Cotton   Movements Information Form, we find that none of the  alleged  purchases  was   entered  in   column No. 3.   We have also been told that there were notifications of Government to the effect that the mills   could  not   sell   cotton  to   private  individuals   without   the   permission   of   the   Textile Controller.   The question, therefore, is, whether in face of this mass of material the Magistrate exercised his discretion properly in coming to the conclusion that no Court would ever convict the accused of a charge of criminal breach of trust.  In our opinion, in coming to that conclusion,   he  exercised  the   discretion   vested   in him by Section 213 of the Code of Criminal Procedure improperly.   In our view, he was further in manifest error in failing to appreciate that between   September  and December   1945   there were   extensive   transactions   of   purchases   of cotton bales by accused No. 1 as the managing agent of the mills, and that entries in regard to  those  dealings   had  to  be   made  and   were made in the books of the mills, and that if a person wanted to dovetail 3 few bogus transactions in between, he would naturally dovetail the entries about them also  in  all the books, registers   and   documents   of   the   mills.    These entries are inter-connected and one entry cannot be made without making all the rest having any bearing on it.   In our view, the Magistrate does  not  seem  to  have  appreciated these  circumstances of the case also.\n<\/p>\n
 (7) There   is   another  important   question  to which also we would like to refer.   Mr. Amin’s strenuous contention has been that in this case, according to the  books, the  delivery of goods had taken place, and it is argued by him that if we are satisfied that the delivery of the goods was   there,  the   charge   of  criminal   breach   of trust must fail.   Therefore, a point arises as to what bearing  the question of  the  delivery  of goods has got on the question of the establishment of the charge of criminal breach of trust. In this context it is necessary to remember that the charges as framed against accused Nos.   1 and 2 do not contain any reference to the delivery  of  goods.   If  we  turn  to S.  405  of   the Indian Penal Code we find that it says thus:    “Whoever, being in any manner entrusted with property, or with any dominion over property, dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use that property, or dishonestly uses or<\/p>\n
disposes of that property In violation of any direction of law prescribing the mode in which such trust is to be discharged, or of any legal contract,   express  or  implied,  which  he  has made  touching  the  discharge  of  such trust, or wilfully suffers any other person so to do, commits ‘criminal breach of trust’.”\n<\/p>\n
 It  would, therefore,   have to be  seen  whether accused No.  1 in this case was entrusted with the domain over the funds of the mills.   It is to be remembered, and it is not disputed, that accused No. 1 was in routine course drawing on the funds of the mills, by means of cheques, for   the   purposes   legitimately   connected   with the mills.   It is to be significantly remembered in this context that accused No. 1 was also a managing director of the managing agency firm of E. G. & Sons, Ltd.   It is, therefore, clear that he was the managing agent of the mills, and   a question   would have  to be   considered whether a  managing agent of the  mills, who, in his day to day duties in regard to the conduct of the  affairs  of the mills, was  drawing
\ncheques and drawing on the funds of the mills, was or was not entrusted with the domain over the monies and funds of the mills. Supposing the jury were to come to the conclusion (and we arc expressing no opinion about it) that accused No, 1 was entrusted with the domain over the funds of the mills, supposing further (and here again we are expressing no opinion) that they were to come to the conclusion that the persons referred to in the purchase memos and sale mernos wore fictitious persons, and supposing still further that they were to come to the conclusion that the monies which were realised by the cashing of the cheques went into the account of accused No. 1 in the Netherland Trading Society and into the account of the Dhanraj Mills, of which accused “No. 1 was the managing agent, in the Bank of India, Ltd., the question for them to consider
\nwould be whether the prosecution must fail simply because the delivery of the goods was taken by the mills. Normally, if a seller sells his goods, the monies due under the cheque would go to him. But here we find that as many as 278 notes of the denominational value of thousand rupees each went into the account of accused No. 1 in the Netherland Trading Society. In these circumstances, the question with which the jury will have to be concerned would be whether there was a dishonest appropriation of the funds of the mills by accused No. 1 for his own purposes. We need not speculate whether the bales were supplied by accused No. 1 himself, for that is not the case of accused No. 1. But supposing the jury were to spell out for themselves that accused No. 1 was himself the supplier, they would still have to consider whether these transactions would amount to an offence of criminal breach of trust by him having regard to his position as managing director of the managing agency firm of the mills and also a managing agent of the mills. It is clear to us from a careful perusal of the judgment of the Magistrate that he has not paid adequate attention to these numerous questions which arise in this case while directing the discharge of the accused on a charge of criminal breach of trust. In our view if this rase is committed to the Court of Session, it would not amount to a waste of public time, but the time would be well spent in the interests of the commercial morality, looking to the charges which have been made against<\/p>\n
accused Nos. 1 and 2 and looking to the enormity of the amount involved.\n<\/p>\n
 (8) That being so, we allow the application, set aside the order of the learned Magistrate and direct that accused Nos. 1 and 2 shall stand committed to the Court of Session, accused No. 1 for a charge under Section 409 of the Indian Penal Code and accused No. 2 for a charge under Section 409 read with Section 109 of the Indian Penal Code. We are committing the accused on the charges as they were framed and directed to be framed by Bavde-kar and Chainani JJ., on March 1, 1950, and as adopted by the learned Magistrate himself On March 20, 1950.\n<\/p>\n
 (9) The accused to be taken in custody.\n<\/p>\n
 (10) Both the accused shall be released on the same bail on which they were released in the Court of the Magistrate. A fresh bail bond to be executed by both the accused before the Registrar, High Court. One surety for Rs. 10,000 to be given by each accused and a personal recognizance to the same extent also to be given by each.\n<\/p>\n
 (11) Order set aside.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bombay High Court The State Of Bombay vs Ramgopal Ganpatrai Ruia on 22 June, 1951 Equivalent citations: AIR 1952 Bom 76, (1951) 53 BOMLR 827, ILR 1952 Bom 189 Author: Vyas Bench: Bhagwati, Vyas JUDGMENT FACTS 1. One Raja Dhanraj Girji (complainant) was the sole proprietor of a mill called Dhanraj Mills till 1935, in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bombay-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nThe State Of Bombay vs Ramgopal Ganpatrai Ruia on 22 June, 1951 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-state-of-bombay-vs-ramgopal-ganpatrai-ruia-on-22-june-1951\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The State Of Bombay vs Ramgopal Ganpatrai Ruia on 22 June, 1951 - 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