{"id":68683,"date":"2002-12-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2002-12-26T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002"},"modified":"2017-12-15T10:54:17","modified_gmt":"2017-12-15T05:24:17","slug":"ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002","title":{"rendered":"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002"},"content":{"rendered":"
Andhra High Court<\/div>\n
Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: 2003 (6) ALT 559<\/div>\n
Author: G Mohammed<\/div>\n
Bench: G Mohammed<\/div>\n<\/p>\n
<\/pre>\n
ORDER<\/p>\n
Ghulam Mohammed, J.<\/p>\n
1. This civil revision petition is filed under Article 227 of the Constitution aggrieved by the inaction on the part of the learned Senior Civil Judge at Manthani, in not pronouncing the judgment in C.M.A.No. 6 of 2002 after hearing the parties and after reserving the matter for judgment.\n<\/p>\n
2. The case of the petitioner is that he preferred C.M.A.No. 6 of 2002 under Order 41, Rule 1 and 2 CPC aggrieved by the order dated 2-7-2002 passed in I.A.No. 114 of 2002 in O.S.No. 28 of 2002 by the Junior Civil Judge, Manthani, in dismissing the said IA filed seeking interim injunction pending disposal of the suit filed for perpetual injunction against the respondents. The grievance of the petitioner is that the Court below having heard the counsel on both sides on merits, reserved the matter for judgment, but could not pronounce the judgment till this date, causing irreparable loss and prejudice to the petitioner, therefore this present civil revision petition under Article 227 seeking a direction to the Court below to pronounce the judgment in the interest of justice.\n<\/p>\n
3. Heard learned counsel for the petitioner.\n<\/p>\n
4. The law as ordained in Order 20, Rule 1 CPC is that the Court shall make every endeavour to pronounce the judgment within 30 days from the date on which the hearing was concluded and in exceptional and extraordinary circumstances, the Court can pronounce the judgment on such day which shall not ordinarily be beyond 60 days from the date of conclusion of hearing. Thus, the law obligates the Court to pronounce the judgment within a period of 60 days as outer limit and taking it as an extraordinary case. It would be pertinent to extract, Order 20, Rule 1 CPC, which reads thus:\n<\/p>\n
“R-1. Judgment when pronounced-(1) The Court, after the case has been heard, shall pronounce judgment in open Court, either at once or, as soon thereafter as may be practicable, on some future day; and when the judgment is to be pronounced on some future day, the Court shall fix a day for that purpose, of which due notice shall be given to the parties or their pleaders:\n<\/p>\n
Provided that where the judgment is not pronounced at once, every endeavour shall be made by the Court to pronounce the judgment within fifteen days from the date on which the hearing of the case was concluded but, where it is not practicable so to do, the Court shall fix a future day for the pronouncement of the judgment, and such day shall not ordinarily be a day beyond thirty days from the date on which the hearing of the case was concluded, and due notice of the day so fixed shall be given to the parties or their pleaders:\n<\/p>\n
Provided further that, where a judgment is not pronounced within thirty days from the date on which the hearing of the case was concluded, the Court shall record the reasons for such delay and shall fix a future day on which the judgment will be pronounced and due notice of the day so fixed shall be given to the parties or their pleaders.\n<\/p>\n
(2) Where a written judgment is to be pronounced, it shall be sufficient if the findings of the Court on each issue and the final order passed in the case are read out and it shall not be necessary for the Court to read out the whole judgment, but a copy of the whole judgment, (********)<\/p>\n
(3) The judgment may be pronounced by dictation in open Court to a shorthand writer if the Judge is specially empowered by the High Court in this behalf:\n<\/p>\n
Provided that where the judgment is pronounced by dictation in open Court, the transcript of the judgment so pronounced shall, after making such correction therein as may be necessary, be signed by the Judge, bear the date on which it was pronounced, and form a part of the record.”\n<\/p>\n
5. A plain reading of Order 20, Rule 1 CPC it is clear that the Court is obligated to pronounce the judgment within a period of 30 days from the date on which the hearing of the case was concluded and in exceptional and extraordinary circumstances, it can pronounce the judgment not later than 60 days.\n<\/p>\n
6. Now, the point that arises for consideration is whether this Court in exercise of its jurisdiction under Article 227 can issue directions to the Court subordinate to it, even without an impugned order, only on the complaint that there is transgression of law, by the Courts subordinate to it, by not following the law obligated under Order 20 Rule 1 of CPC.\n<\/p>\n
7. In order to examine the power of superintendence conferred on this Court under Article 227 of the Constitution, it is necessary to extract Article 227 of the Constitution, which reads thus:\n<\/p>\n
“227. Power of superintendence over all Courts by the High Court:-\n<\/p>\n
(1) Every High Court shall have superintendence over all Courts and Tribunals throughout the territories in relation to which it exercises jurisdiction.\n<\/p>\n
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the High Court may-\n<\/p>\n
(a) call for returns from such Courts;\n<\/p>\n
(b) make and issue general rules and prescribe forms for regulating the practice and proceedings of such courts; and<\/p>\n
(c) prescribe forms in which books, entries and accounts shall be kept by the officers of any such courts.\n<\/p>\n
(3) The High Court may also settle tables of fees to be allowed to the Shroff and all clerks and officers of such courts and to attorneys, advocates and pleaders practicing therein:\n<\/p>\n
Provided that any rules made, forms prescribed or tables settled under Clause (2) or Clause (3) shall not be inconsistent with the provision of any law for the time being in force, and shall require the previous approval of the Governor.\n<\/p>\n
(4) Nothing in this article shall be deemed to confer on a High Court powers of superintendence over any Court of tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the Armed Forces.”\n<\/p>\n
8. It is evident from a plain reading of Article 227 (1) that every High Court shall have superintendence over all Courts and Tribunals subordinate to it and the power conferred there under is without prejudice to the generality of power conferred under Clause (2) of Article 227.\n<\/p>\n
9. In the instant case, it is brought to the notice of this Court by filing a civil revision petition under Article 227 of the Constitution complaining that the lower Court did not keep itself within the bounds of its jurisdiction by adhering to law. In a similar fact situation, the Apex Court in Ahmedabad Manufacturing v. Ram Tehal Ramanand,  held that the High Court in exercise of its jurisdiction under Article 227 can exercise the power of both judicial and administrative superintendence over Subordinate Courts and Tribunals, without impinging upon and prejudicially affecting the rights or interest of the parties to any judicial proceedings, where there is a specific provision in law for doing a particular act. It was further held that in such an event, it would not in any way take away the jurisdiction of the High Court to exercise the plenary administrative power under Article 227 of the Constitution. To the same effect is another decision of the Apex Court in Achutananda Baidya v. Pra Fullya Kumar Gayen,<\/a>  wherein it was held thus:\n<\/p>\n
 “The power of superintendence of the High Court under Article 227 is not confined to administrative superintendence only but such power includes within its sweep the power of judicial review. The power and duty of the High Court under Article 227 is essentially to ensure that the Courts and Tribunals, inferior to High Court have done what they were required to do. The High Court can interfere under Article 227 in cases of erroneous assumption or acting beyond its jurisdiction, refusal to exercise jurisdiction, error of law apparent on record as distinguished from a mere mistake of law, arbitrary or capricious exercise of authority or discretion, a patent error in procedure, arriving at a finding which is perverse or based on no material, or resulting in a manifest injustice.”\n<\/p>\n
10. In the instant case, it is stated that the arguments in the appeal C.M.A.No. 6 of 2002 were concluded on 16-8-2002, and at any rate the lower Court ought to have pronounced the judgment on or before 16-10-2002 i.e., within 60 days as ordained in Order 20 Rule 1 of CPC and failure to adhere to the said legislative mandate by the lower Court would be negating the purpose for which the said provision had been introduced in CPC. If this Court decline to entertain such complaints under Article 227 of the Constitution, the interest of litigant public would be prejudiced and render a party remediless to redress such complaints.\n<\/p>\n
11. On the analysis above, I am of the considered view that this Court can issue a direction to the Court below to keep itself within the bounds of its jurisdiction by adhering to law.\n<\/p>\n
12. In the circumstances, the civil revision petition is allowed directing the learned Senior Civil Judge, Manthani, to pronounce judgment within a period of one week from the date of receipt of a copy of this order, if not already pronounced. No costs.\n<\/p>\n
13. Since a crucial question arose for consideration in this matter, the Court requested Mr. M. Adinarayana Rao, learned counsel to assist the Court as Amicus Curiae and accordingly learned counsel made his submissions on the issue involved. This Court places its appreciation on record for the assistance rendered by Amicus Curiae.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Andhra High Court Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002 Equivalent citations: 2003 (6) ALT 559 Author: G Mohammed Bench: G Mohammed ORDER Ghulam Mohammed, J. 1. This civil revision petition is filed under Article 227 of the Constitution aggrieved by the inaction on the part of the learned […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68683","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-andhra-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nCh. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2002-12-26T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-12-15T05:24:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002\",\"datePublished\":\"2002-12-26T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-12-15T05:24:17+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002\"},\"wordCount\":1588,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Andhra High Court\",\"High Court\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002\",\"name\":\"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2002-12-26T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-12-15T05:24:17+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/\",\"name\":\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"description\":\"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"alternateName\":\"Legal India\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\",\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Legal India Admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002","og_site_name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","article_published_time":"2002-12-26T18:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2017-12-15T05:24:17+00:00","og_image":[{"width":512,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Legal India Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legaliadmin","twitter_site":"@Legal_india","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Legal India Admin","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002"},"author":{"name":"Legal India Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea"},"headline":"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002","datePublished":"2002-12-26T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-12-15T05:24:17+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002"},"wordCount":1588,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Andhra High Court","High Court"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002","name":"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website"},"datePublished":"2002-12-26T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2017-12-15T05:24:17+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/ch-sanjeeva-reddy-vs-senior-civil-judge-and-anr-on-27-december-2002#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ch. Sanjeeva Reddy vs Senior Civil Judge And Anr. on 27 December, 2002"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","description":"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization","name":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","alternateName":"Legal India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea","name":"Legal India Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Legal India Admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com","https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin"}]}},"modified_by":null,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68683","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68683"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68683\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68683"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68683"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68683"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}