{"id":71448,"date":"1978-08-24T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1978-08-23T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/hareram-satpathy-vs-tikaram-agar-w-ala-and-3-others-on-24-august-1978"},"modified":"2018-06-01T20:16:42","modified_gmt":"2018-06-01T14:46:42","slug":"hareram-satpathy-vs-tikaram-agar-w-ala-and-3-others-on-24-august-1978","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/hareram-satpathy-vs-tikaram-agar-w-ala-and-3-others-on-24-august-1978","title":{"rendered":"Hareram Satpathy vs Tikaram Agar W Ala And 3 Others on 24 August, 1978"},"content":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n
Hareram Satpathy vs Tikaram Agar W Ala And 3 Others on 24 August, 1978<\/div>\n
Equivalent citations: 1978 AIR 1568, \t\t 1979 SCR (1) 349<\/div>\n
Author: J Singh<\/div>\n
Bench: Singh, Jaswant<\/div>\n
           PETITIONER:\nHARERAM SATPATHY\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nTIKARAM AGAR W ALA AND 3 OTHERS\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT24\/08\/1978\n\nBENCH:\nSINGH, JASWANT\nBENCH:\nSINGH, JASWANT\nKAILASAM, P.S.\n\nCITATION:\n 1978 AIR 1568\t\t  1979 SCR  (1) 349\n 1978 SCC  (4)\t58\n\n\nACT:\n      Cognizance of offences by Magistrate under section 190\nof the\tCriminal procedure  Code. 1973-\t Once cognizance has\nbeen taken  by the  Magistrate ,  the taken cognizance of an\noffence and not offenders .\n       Revisional  jurisdiction of  the High  Court power of\nrevision under\tsection 401 of criminal procedure code, 1973\nis  very   limited  in\tgoing  into  the  matter  where\t the\nMagistrate,  has   after  satisfying   himself\tprima  facie\nexistence   of sufficient material for proceeding against an\naccused , issued process.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n      One Parsuram Satpathy. brother of the appellant sought\nthe help  and protection  of the  officer-in-charge  of\t the\nBallangir police  station on 27-11-1974, alleging conspiracy\nto murder  him. On  29-11-1974\tthe  appellant\tlodge  First\nInformation Report  in the  same police\t station,  that\t the\nnamed persons  and some\t others coming\ta  jeep\t killed\t his\nbrother Parsuram  by dashing  of jeep  against the  cycle on\nwhich he  was going  The Police took up investigation of the\ncase, submitted\t charge sheets against six persons, only for\nthe offence  of intentionally  causing the death of Parsuram\non 29-11-1974,\tand have a final report saying that from the\ninvestigation carried  on by  it no offence appeared to have\nbeen made  out against\tthe respondents.  The Sub-Divisional\nMagistrate  Balangir,\ton  a\tfurther\t complaint   by\t the\nappellant, finding  a prima  facie case\t under\tSection\t 302\nI.P.C. against\tthe present  respondents directed  issue  of\nnon-bailable a\twarrants against them. In revision. the High\nCourt, set aside the orders of the Magistrate.\n     Allowing the appeal by special leave the Court\n^\n       HELD:  1. Under Section 190 of the Criminal Procedure\nCode, the Magistrate  takes cognizance of an offence made it\nin the\tPolice report  or in  the  complaint  and  there  is\nnothing like  taking cognizance\t of the\t offenders  at\tthat\nstage. As to who actually the offenders involved in the case\nmight halve  been has to be decided by the Magistrate, after\ntaking cognizance of the offence.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t   [353 A-B]\n       Raghubans   Dubey v. State of Bihar,<\/a> [1967] 2 SCR 423\nSmt. Nagawwa  v. Veetamma  Shivalingappa Konjalai  and ors.,\n[1976] Supp.  S.C.R. 123  and Chandra  Deo Singh  v.  Prokar\nChandra Bose,<\/a> [1964] 1 SCR 639, 648 reiterated.\n       2.  Once the Magistrate has. after satisfying himself\nprima facie that there is sufficient material for proceeding\nagainst the  accused issued  process against  him. the\tHigh\nCourt  cannot\tgo  into  the  matter  in  exercise  of\t its\nrevisional jurisdiction which is very limited. [353 C-D]\n       Smt.  Nagawwa v.\t Veeranna Shivalingappa Konialai and\nors.<\/a>, [1976] Supp. S.C.R. 123; applied\n350\nObservation:\n     Under Section 227 of the  Criminal Procedure Code it is\nopen to\t the Court  of Session\ton committal  of the case to\ndischarge the accused if upon consideration of the record of\nthe case  and documents\t submitted there  with\t  and  after\nhearing the  submissions of  the parties  it considers\tthat\nthere is  no sufficient\t ground for  proceeding against\t the\naccused . [354-C-D]\n       Sanjay  Gandhi v.  Union of India<\/a> [1778] 2 S.C.R. 861\nreferred to.\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n
       CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal No.
\n551 or 1976
\n       Appeal  by Special Leave from the judgment and  Order
\ndated 25-8-76  of the Orissa High Court in Criminal Revision
\nNo. 344 and 365 of 1975
\n     H.B.Datar and C. S. S. Rao for Appellant No. 1<\/span>
\n     V. M. Tarkunde  and R. K. Mehta for Appellant No.2.
\n      Govind Dass , Sudarshan Bagga and\t (Mrs..) S Bagga for
\nRespondents Nos 1-3
\n     The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
\n       JASWANT SINGH J. This appeal by Special Leave high is
\ndirect against the. Judgment and order dated August ‘5, 1976
\nof the\tHigh Court  of Orissa  in Criminal Revisions No. 344
\nand 365\t of 1975  setting aside\t the order    date  November
\n20,1975\t of   the   Sub-Divisional   Magistrate,   Balangir.
\ndirecting, issue of press against respondents 1 to arises in
\nthe following, circumstances:\n<\/p>\n
       On  November 27,\t 197.1 Parsuram Satpathy, brother of
\nHareram Satpathy, the appellant herein, who was a Journalist
\nby profession  and a staunch of Bhartiya Lok Dal, sought the
\nhelp and  protection of\t the Officer on charge of the Police
\nStation, Balangir, on the  ground that he had learnt from B.
\nKramanda Bohidar.  a member of the Congress party that there
\nwas a  conspiracy to murder him . On the evening of November
\n29, 1974,  the appellant  made a  report to  the Officer-in-
\ncharge of  the aforesaid  Police Station,  alleging  therein
\nthat Premlal  Suna, Parsanna Pal Guna Ghasi, Jagyna Puruseth
\n,Bighna Raj  Misra Jayanarayan Spirpathy, Bikram Bohidat and
\nTikaram\t Agarwala,   members  of  Yuva\tCongress  Party\t and
\npolitical adversaries  of his  brother ,Parsuram,  had\tbeen
\nopenly declaring  since the last 3 of 4 days that they would
\ntake the  life of  Parsuram and\t had been  moving around his
\nhouse in the Congress jeep looking out for an opportunity to
\nkill him  (i.e. Parsuram). The report went on to say that at
\nor about 7 P.M. of that day he saw Premlal Suna,
\n351<\/span>
\nGuna  Ghasi,   Dhobai  Charanpodh,  Jagyana  Pursued,  Diker
\nAgarwala, Aratatran  Singh Deo, Prasanna Kumar Pal and some,
\nothers coming  in a  Jeep from\tthe  side  of  Patita  Pavan
\nAcademy and killing his brother. by dashing the Jeep against
\nthe cycle  on which  he was  going  on\tDhobapara  Road.  On
\nreceipt of  this report\t the police took up investigation of
\nthe case  and on completion thereof submitted a charge-sheet
\nagainst six  persons viz.  Premlal Suna.  Jagyana  Puruseth.
\nGunaidhi Banchhor  Ghasi, Dhobai Podh, Prafulla Bhoi, Sugyan
\nSandh and  on the allegation that they intentionally  caused
\nthe death  of Parsuram\tSatpathy on November 29, 1974 in the
\nmanner stated  above. So far as the present respondents were
\nconcerned the  police submitted\t a final  report saying that
\nfrom the  investigation carried on by it no offence appeared
\nto have\t been made  out against\t them. As the police did not
\nproceed\t against   all\tthe  13\t persons  mentioned  in\t the
\naforesaid report made by him, appellant filed a complaint in
\nthe  Court   of\t the  Sub-Divisional  Magistrate,  Balangir,
\nreiterating the allegation made by him against the aforesaid
\n13 persons  including the  respondents herein  who  did\t not
\nfigure as accused in the aforesaid police chargesheet. After
\ngoing through  the statements  made u\/s 161 of the Cr. P. C.
\nby the\tappellant and  Bhibudananda Ducat,  Harudanana Nanda
\nan(1 Sankar  Tripathy and  finding a  prima facie case under
\nsection 302  of the  Indian Penal  Code made out against the
\nrespondents? the  Magistrate  directed\tthe  issue  of\tnon-
\nbailable warrants  against them. Aggrieved by this order the
\nrespondent took\t the matter in revision to the High Court. A
\nsingle\tJudge  of  the\tHigh  Court  after  a  detailed\t and
\nmeticulous scrutiny  of the aforesaid statements made by the
\nappellant and  others set  aside  the  order  sub-Divisional
\nMagistrate issuing  process against  the respondents holding
\nthat there  was no  material on\t record to  make out a prima
\nfacie case against the respondents and that the order of the
\nMagistrate  issuing  process  against  the  respondents\t was
\nwithout jurisdiction.  Dissatisfied  with  this\t order,\t the
\nappellant, has\tas already stated, come up in appeal to this
\nCourt.\n<\/p>\n
     Two main questions arise for determination in this case
\nnamely:-\n<\/p>\n
\t  (1) Whether,\tafter submission of the final report
\n     by\t the  police  stating  therein\tthat  there  was  no
\n     sufficient evidence  to justify  the forwarding  of the
\n     respondents to  him, it  was open to the sub-Divisional
\n     Magistrate, Balangir  to add the respondents as accused
\n     in the case and issue process against them.
\n\t  (2) Whether  the High Court was justified in going
\n     into the  merits of  the case  and interfering with the
\n     order of  the Sub-Divisional  Magistrate impleading the
\n     respondents as
\n352<\/span>
\n     accused and issuing process against them in exercise of
\n     its powers\t under section\t482 of\tthe Code of Criminal
\n     Procedure 1973.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
     The first\tpoint  is  no  longer  res  integra.  It  is
\nsquarely covered  by the decision of this Court in Raghubans
\nDubey v. State of Bihar<\/a>(1) where it was held as follows:\n<\/p>\n
\t  “In our  opinion, once  cognizance has been taken
\n     by the  Magistrate, he  takes cognizance  of an offence
\n     and not  the offenders;  once he takes cognizance of an
\n     offence it\t is his\t duty to  find out who the offenders
\n     rally are\tand once  he comes  to the  conclusion\tthat
\n     apart from the persons sent up by the police some other
\n     persons are involved, it is his duty to proceed against
\n     those persons.  The summoning  of the additional accuse
\n     is part  of the  proceeding  initiated  by\t his  taking
\n     cognizance of an offence.”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
     In Smt.  Nagawwa v.  Veeranna Shivlingappa\t Konjalai  &
\nors.<\/a>(2) this  Court while  laying down the categories of the
\ncases in  which an  order of  a Magistrate  issuing  process
\nagainst the accused can be quash ed observed
\n\t  “It is well settled by long catena of decisions of
\n     this court\t that at  the stage  of issuing\t process the
\n     Magistrate is  mainly concerned  with  the\t allegations
\n     made in the complaint or the evidence led in support of
\n     the same  and he  is only\tto be  prima facie satisfied
\n     whether there  are sufficient  grounds  for  proceeding
\n     against the  accused it  is not  the  province  of\t the
\n     Magistrate to  enter into\ta detailed discussion of the
\n     merits or\tdemerits of  the case nor can the High Court
\n     go into  this matter  in  its  revisional\tjurisdiction
\n     which is a very limited one”.\n<\/p>\n
     To the  same effect  is the  decision of  this court in
\nChandra Deo  Singh v.  Prokar Chandra  Bose<\/a>(3) where after a
\nfull discussion\t of the\t matter it was held that at the time
\nof taking a decision whether a process\tshould issue against
\nthe accused or not what the Magistrate has to see is whether
\nthere is  evidence in  support of  the\tallegations  of\t the
\ncomplainant so\tas to  justify\tthe  issue  of\tprocess\t and
\ncommencement of\t proceedings against  the accused,  and\t not
\nwhether\t the   evidence\t is   sufficient  to   warrant\t his
\nconviction.\n<\/p>\n
(1) [1967) 2 S C.R.423.\n<\/p>\n
(2) [1976] Supp. S.C.R. 123.\n<\/p>\n
(3) [1964] 1 S.C.R. 639, 648
\n353<\/span>
\n     From the  foregoing it  is\t crystal  clear\t that  under
\nsection\t 190  of  the\t Code\tof  Criminal  Procedure\t the
\nMagistrate takes  cognizance of\t an offence  made out in the
\npolice report  or in the complaint and there is nothing like
\ntaking cognizance  of the offenders at that stage. As to who
\nactually the  offenders involved in the case might have been
\nhas to\tbe decided by the Magistrate after taking cognizance
\nof the offence
\n     In the  instant case the Sub-Divisional Magistrate took
\ncognizance of the offence on the police report, after taking
\ncognizance of  the offence  and perusal\t of  the  record  he
\nappears to  have satisfied  himself that  there\t were  prima
\nfacie grounds  for issuing  process against the respondents.
\nIn so  doing the  Magistrate did not ill our Judgment exceed
\nthe power vested in him under law.\n<\/p>\n
     The  first\t  point\t is   accordingly  decided   in\t the
\naffirmative.  This   second  point   does  not\tpresent\t any
\ndifficulty. lt\tis well settled that once the Magistrate has
\nafter  satisfying   himself  prima   facie  that   there  is
\nsufficient  material  for  proceeding  against\tthe  accused
\nissued process\tagainst him,  the High\tCourt cannot go into
\nthe matter  in exercise of its revisional jurisdiction which
\nis very\t limited. The  following observations  made in\tSmt.
\nNagwwa v.  Veeranna Shivalingappa Konjalai & ors (supra) are
\napposite in this connection:\n<\/p>\n
\t  “It is  true that  in coming\tto a  decision as to
\n     whether a\tprocess would  be issued  the Magistrate can
\n     tale  into\t  consideration\t  inherent   improbabilities
\n     appearing on  the face  of\t the  complaint\t or  in\t the
\n     evidence led   by\tthe complainant\t in support  of\t the
\n     allegations but there appears to be a very thin line of
\n     demarcation between  a probability of conviction of the
\n     accused and establishment of a prima facie case against
\n     him.  The\t Magistrate  has  been\tgiven  an  undoubted
\n     discretion in  the matter\tand the discretion has to be
\n     judicially exercised   by\thim. Once the Magistrate has
\n     exercised his  discretion it  is not for the High Court
\n     or even this Court to substitute its own discretion for
\n     that of the Magistrate or to examine the case on merits
\n     with-a view  to find out whether or not the allegations
\n     in the  complaint, if  proved, would  ultimately end in
\n     conviction o  the accused. These considerations, in our
\n     opinion. are  totally foreign to the scope and ambit of
\n     an inquiry\t under\ts.  202\t of  the  Code\tof  Criminal
\n     Procedure.”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
     Now as  the Magistrate  was restricted  to finding\t out
\nwhether there  was a  prima facie case or not for proceeding
\nagainst the  accused and  could not  enter into\t a  detailed
\ndiscussion of the merits or demerits of
\n354<\/span>
\nthe case  and the  scope of the revisional jurisdiction very
\nlimited the  High Court could not in our opinion launch on a
\ndetailed and  meticulous examination  of the case on merits.
\nAs the\tHigh Court  has clearly exceeded its jurisdiction in
\nsetting aside the order of the Sub-Divisional Magistrate, we
\ncannot do  otherwise than  to allow the appal. In the result
\nthe appeal  succeeds and  the judgment and order of the High
\nCourt is set aside.\n<\/p>\n
     Before parting  with the  case we\twish to observe that
\nthe grievance  of the  respondents that there is no material
\nto support  the faked  and cooked  up story  against them is
\ntaken care of (as held in Sanjay Gandhi v. Union of India<\/a>(l)
\nto Which  one of us Jaswant Singh, J.) was  party by section
\n27 of  the Cod of Crl. Procedure 1973 under which it is open
\nto the\tCourt of  Session on  committal o the case to it t(j
\ndischarge the accused if upon consideration of the record of
\nthe case and documents submitted therewith and after hearing
\nthe submissions of the parties it considers that there is no
\nsufficient ground  for proceeding  against the\taccused. The
\nrespondents would  therefore be\t at liberty  to\t invoke\t the
\nprovisions of  section 227  of the  Code on  the case being,
\ncommitted to the Court of Session.\n<\/p>\n
     As the  learned counsel  appearing for  the respondents
\nhas given  an undertaking  that he will cause the attendance
\nof the\trespondents before  the\t Sub-Divisional\t Magistrate,
\nBalangir, on  September 18,  1978, the non-bailable warrants
\nissued against\tthe respondents\t shall not  be executed till
\nthat date.\n<\/p>\n
S.R.\t\t\t\t\t      Appeal allowed\n(1) [1978] 2 S.C.R 861.\n355<\/span>\n\n\n\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Supreme Court of India Hareram Satpathy vs Tikaram Agar W Ala And 3 Others on 24 August, 1978 Equivalent citations: 1978 AIR 1568, 1979 SCR (1) 349 Author: J Singh Bench: Singh, Jaswant PETITIONER: HARERAM SATPATHY Vs. RESPONDENT: TIKARAM AGAR W ALA AND 3 OTHERS DATE OF JUDGMENT24\/08\/1978 BENCH: SINGH, JASWANT BENCH: SINGH, JASWANT KAILASAM, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71448","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"\nHareram Satpathy vs Tikaram Agar W Ala And 3 Others on 24 August, 1978 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/hareram-satpathy-vs-tikaram-agar-w-ala-and-3-others-on-24-august-1978\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hareram Satpathy vs Tikaram Agar W Ala And 3 Others on 24 August, 1978 - 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