{"id":74982,"date":"1981-01-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1981-01-12T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/harendra-nath-chakraborti-and-vs-asim-sindhu-chakraborty-on-13-january-1981"},"modified":"2018-03-05T04:36:26","modified_gmt":"2018-03-04T23:06:26","slug":"harendra-nath-chakraborti-and-vs-asim-sindhu-chakraborty-on-13-january-1981","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/harendra-nath-chakraborti-and-vs-asim-sindhu-chakraborty-on-13-january-1981","title":{"rendered":"Harendra Nath Chakraborti And &#8230; vs Asim Sindhu Chakraborty on 13 January, 1981"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Calcutta High Court<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Harendra Nath Chakraborti And &#8230; vs Asim Sindhu Chakraborty on 13 January, 1981<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: AIR 1981 Cal 325, 85 CWN 509<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: B Maitra<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: B Maitra<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<pre><\/pre>\n<p>JUDGMENT<\/p>\n<p>  B.N. Maitra, J.  <\/p>\n<p> 1. The plaintiffs   filed    the suit after obtaining the permission of the Court according to the provision of Rule 3 of Order 1 of the Civil P. C. Their allegation is that the C. S.  Plot No. 1434\/1901 having an area of .1 decimal has been erroneously recorded in the name of defendant No. J in the R. S. Khatian. It is a public way and it is a part of plot Nos. 1846 and 1424. The disputed way is meant for the use by the public. Plots Nos. 1404, 1424 and 1846 form a public road. It has been shown in the sketch map attached to the plaint. The disputed path is a continuation of the public pathway. Its character has been sought to be changed because it has been made a bata plot. The general public have been using the same from time immemorial and they have acquired customary right and easement of necessity on the principles of lost grant. The defendant No. 1 threatened to obstruct that plot on the 1st Pous, 1379 B. S. The suit is for declaration of easement right and for an injunction.\n<\/p>\n<p> 2. The defendant filed a written statement denying the plaintiffs&#8217; allegations. It has been alleged, inter alia, that the entry in the R. S. Khatian is correct. The disputed property was never used by the general public and there is no case of easement right.\n<\/p>\n<p> 3. The learned Munsif stated that the issues were answered in the plaintiffs&#8217; favour. The suit was decreed.\n<\/p>\n<p> 4. The defendant preferred an appeal The Appellate Court stated that the suit was for removal of public nuisance. Proof of special damage was necessary. Since there was no pleading in that respect, the suit was within the mischief of the Bench case of Surendra Bose v. District Board of Nadia in (1942) 46 Cal WN 261 : (AIR 1942 Cal 360). The appeal was, therefore allowed and the suit dismissed. Hence this appeal by the plaintiff.\n<\/p>\n<p> 5. It has been contended on behalf of the appellant that the decision of the Madras High Court in the case of Subbamma v. Narayana Murthi in AIR 1949 Mad 634 is illuminating. Proof of special damage is not necessary in the case where representative action is instituted after obtaining the Court&#8217;s leave under Order  1, Rule 8 of the Code. The case of Harish Chandra v. Prannath in (1922) 26 Cal WN 587 : (AIR 1921 Cal 405) has been referred to show that in a suit for declaration of public right of way regarding a village path permission of the Court was taken under Order  1, Rule 8 of the Code. It was held that the question of proof of special damage was not necessary. Hence the Appellate Court made a mistake in this respect. 6. It has been argued on behalf of the defendant-respondent that the clear case in the plaint is that the disputed way is a pub-tic way. There is an averment that the same constituted a public nuisance. The case therefore is within the mischief of the Bench decision of Surendra v. District Board, Nadia (AIR 1942 Cal 360) (supra).\n<\/p>\n<p> 7.    In   the   Full   Bench  case   of    Chunilal in (1888)  ILR   15  Cal 460, it has  been stated that   a  village   pathway   comes   under the description  of  the   second    class    of    rights intermediate   between   the public and   private roads.       This     decision     was     followed    by Mukherjee, J., in  the case    of    Jatindra    v. Satya in (1938) 42 Cal WN 445 : (AIR   1938 Cal  366).    It has   been  stated   that a   village pathway is  not a public    highway    and    so interference  with   the user of  the  same docs not   involve   any   invasion   of  public    rights, vide    the    page    448    (of    Cal    WN) : (at p. 368  of   AIR).     It  however   appears  from these   cases   that   a   village  pathway,     which comes  under   the description  of  the  second class of rights intermediate between the pub-lic and  private   way,   has its  origin     in cus-tom,   but a   public highway exists  for all the citizens and  has its    origin    in    dedication The   case  of   Harish Chandra    v.     Prannath (AIR   1921   Cal 405)  (supra) is in the plain-tiffs&#8217;  favour.    The decision  of   the     Madras High Court in the case    of    Subbamma    v. Narain Murthi  (AIR   1949  Mad 634) (supra) cannot  be     followed     because     the    learned single Judge of the Madras High Court dissented   from   the   decisions   of   this   Court in the cases  of  M.  Devi v.  Basanta,    ILR    60 Cal     1003 : (AIR     1933    Cal    884)    and    of Surendra     v.     District      Board      of      Nadia (AIR     1942    Cal    360).      A    village    path-way    is     not    a    public    highway.      So    in the case of obstruction  of a village pathway or road,   no  proof of special  damage arises. Such   question  is relevant  only  in    the case of a   public   highway,   where  there  is  allega-tion   of   public  nuisance.    This principle has been   enunciated   by   the   Court  in   the    cases of (1924) 39  Cal LJ   347  at    p.     352 : (AIR 1923  Cal  622  at p.  624);   ILR  (1946)   1 Cal 522 : (AIR   1949   Cal  209)   (Hangsa   Kalita v. Pradip Rai   Deka).\n<\/p>\n<p> 8. The averment in the plaint is a bit vague because it does not clearly show if the disputed way is a public highway or a village pathway. Nevertheless the sketch map appended to the plaint clearly shows that it is not a public highway, but is a village pathway. Hence no question of proof of special damage or averment of the same is called for in the plaint. Hence the decision of the learned Appellate Court cannot be sustained.\n<\/p>\n<p> 9. It has already been pointed out that the evidence on the record is complete-But the learned Munsif did not arrive at any specific finding whether the case of lost grant, easement of necessity etc. was specifically established. The learned Appellate Court did not care to state anything about the merits of the case. Hence for the ends of justice, the matter must be remitted to the first Appellate Court to arrive at a finding on the merits after considering the case in all its aspects.\n<\/p>\n<p> 10. The appeal is allowed. The judgment and decree appealed against are hereby set aside. The case is remitted to the first Appellate Court for disposal according to law in the light of the observations made in the body of the judgment.\n<\/p>\n<p> 11.   There will be no order as to costs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Calcutta High Court Harendra Nath Chakraborti And &#8230; vs Asim Sindhu Chakraborty on 13 January, 1981 Equivalent citations: AIR 1981 Cal 325, 85 CWN 509 Author: B Maitra Bench: B Maitra JUDGMENT B.N. Maitra, J. 1. The plaintiffs filed the suit after obtaining the permission of the Court according to the provision of Rule 3 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-calcutta-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Harendra Nath Chakraborti And ... vs Asim Sindhu Chakraborty on 13 January, 1981 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/harendra-nath-chakraborti-and-vs-asim-sindhu-chakraborty-on-13-january-1981\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Harendra Nath Chakraborti And ... vs Asim Sindhu Chakraborty on 13 January, 1981 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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