{"id":77588,"date":"1954-10-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1954-10-20T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954"},"modified":"2015-10-01T01:36:46","modified_gmt":"2015-09-30T20:06:46","slug":"laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954","title":{"rendered":"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa &#8230; vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Laxmanappa Hanumantappa &#8230; vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1955 AIR    3<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: M C Mahajan<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Mahajan, Mehar Chand (Cj), Das, Sudhi Ranjan, Hasan, Ghulam, Bhagwati, Natwarlal H., Aiyyar, T.L. Venkatarama<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nLAXMANAPPA HANUMANTAPPA JAMKHANDI\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nTHE UNION OF INDIA AND ANOTHER.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\n21\/10\/1954\n\nBENCH:\nMAHAJAN, MEHAR CHAND (CJ)\nBENCH:\nMAHAJAN, MEHAR CHAND (CJ)\nDAS, SUDHI RANJAN\nHASAN, GHULAM\nBHAGWATI, NATWARLAL H.\nAIYYAR, T.L. VENKATARAMA\n\nCITATION:\n 1955 AIR    3\n CITATOR INFO :\n F\t    1957 SC 397\t (43)\n R\t    1959 SC 149\t (16,30,51,52)\n R\t    1959 SC 395\t (28)\n RF\t    1961 SC  65\t (5,37)\n HO\t    1961 SC1457\t (6)\n RF\t    1962 SC1006\t (34,72,81)\n O\t    1962 SC1563\t (15)\n R\t    1962 SC1621\t (122,165)\n R\t    1966 SC 619\t (7)\n R\t    1970 SC 470\t (33)\n RF\t    1971 SC 870\t (10)\n\n\nACT:\n    Constitution of India, Arts. 31(1), 32,  265-Deprivation\nof  property-Otherwise than by imposition or  collection  of\ntax-Right conferred by Art. 265- Whether can be enforced  by\nArt. 32.\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n   Held, that as there is a special provision in Art. 265 of\nthe  Constitution that no tax shall be levied  or  collected\nexcept\tby authority of law, clause (1) of Art. 31  must  be\nregarded as concerned with deprivation of property otherwise\nthan by the imposition or collection of tax and as the right\nconferred  by Art. 265 is not a fundamental right  conferred\nby Part III of the Constitution, it cannot be enforced under\nArt. 32.\n    <a href=\"\/doc\/233559\/\">Ramjilal  v.  Income-tax Officer,  Mohindergarh<\/a>  ([1951]\nS.C.R. 127) followed.\n   <a href=\"\/doc\/1623923\/\">Suraj  Mal  Mohta  and Co. v.  A.  V.  Visvanatha  Sastri\n(A.i.R.<\/a> 1954 S.C. 545) referred to.\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>    ORIGINAL   JURISDICTION:  Petition\tNo.  492  of   1954.<br \/>\nPetition  under\t article  32 of\t the  Constitution  for\t the<br \/>\nenforcement of Fundamental Rights.\n<\/p>\n<p>  B. Sen, I. N. Shroff and B. P. Singh for the petitioner.<br \/>\n   M.\t  C. Setalvad, Attorney-General for India, and\t  C.<br \/>\nK. Daphtary, Solicitor-General for India (G.  N. Joshi<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">770<\/span><br \/>\n     P.A.  Mehta  and  P. G. Gokhale,  with  them)  for\t the<br \/>\nrespondents.\n<\/p>\n<p>    1954.   October  21.   The Judgment\t of  the  Court\t was<br \/>\ndelivered by<br \/>\n    MEHR CHAND MAHAJAN C.J.-This is a petition under article<br \/>\n32  of\tthe  Constitution of India for\tthe  enforcement  of<br \/>\nfundamental rights under articles 31(1) and 19(1)(f) of\t the<br \/>\nConstitution  and  for the issue of writs in the  nature  of<br \/>\nmandamus  and\/or  certiorari  and  for\tsuitable  directions<br \/>\nrestraining  the  respondents  from  interfering  with\t the<br \/>\npetitioner&#8217;s  properties  in violation\tof  his\t fundamental<br \/>\nrights.\n<\/p>\n<p>    The\t  petition  arises  in\tthese  circumstances.\t The<br \/>\npetitioner,  along with his brothers, used to carry  on\t the<br \/>\nbusiness of toddy and liquor vendors.  In addition to  this,<br \/>\none  of the brothers used to run a bus service and dealt  in<br \/>\ncotton\tand  money-lending  also.  All\tthe  brothers  owned<br \/>\nextensive    properties,   both\t  agricultural\t and\tnon-<br \/>\nagricultural.\tThough prior to the assessment year  1926-27<br \/>\nall  the  brothers were assessed to income-tax\tas  a  Hindu<br \/>\nundivided  family, since then up to the year 1946 they\twere<br \/>\nassessed  separately  on account of a partition\t alleged  to<br \/>\nhave been made between them.  In December, 1946, the Income-<br \/>\ntax Officer commenced proceedings against them under section<br \/>\n34  on the ground that the case of partition set up by\tthem<br \/>\nwas  not correct and as a matter of fact there had  been  no<br \/>\npartition  between them and they were carrying\ton  business<br \/>\njointly.   As  a result of these proceedings  an  assessment<br \/>\nunder  section\t34 was made on the  four  brothers  jointly,<br \/>\ntreating  them\tas an association of persons, for  the\tyear<br \/>\n1942-43.  Similar assessment proceedings were taken  against<br \/>\nthem in respect of the years 1940-41, 1941-42 and 1943-44.<br \/>\n    In\tDecember,  1947, the Central Government,  under\t the<br \/>\nbona  fide  belief that the petitioner&#8217;s brothers  had\tmade<br \/>\nhuge  profits during the war and had evaded tax,  made\tfive<br \/>\nreferences to the Income-tax Investigation Commission  under<br \/>\nsection\t 5(1)  of  the\tTaxation  on  Income  (Investigation<br \/>\nCommission) Act, 1947.\tReference No. 175 concerned all\t the<br \/>\nbrothers  as an association of persons while the other\tfour<br \/>\nreferences related<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">771<\/span><br \/>\nto  the\t brothers  individually.  As a result  of  the\tpro-<br \/>\nceedings before the Investigation Commission, the Commission<br \/>\nmade  a\t report\t to the Central Government on  the  26th  of<br \/>\nSeptember, 1952, estimating the amount of escaped income  at<br \/>\nRs.  16,79,203 between the year,% 1940-41 and  1948-49.\t  In<br \/>\npursuance  of this report the Central Government  passed  an<br \/>\norder\tunder  section\t8(2)  of  the  Taxation\t on   Income<br \/>\n(Investigation Commission) Act directing that the assessment<br \/>\nproceedings  be\t taken under the Indian Income-tax  Act\t and<br \/>\nExcess Profits Tax Act, 1940, as well as under the  Business<br \/>\nProfits Tax Act, 1947, against Messrs Jamkhandi Bros. as  an<br \/>\nassociation of persons with a view to assess or reassess the<br \/>\nincome\tthat had escaped assessment according to the  report<br \/>\nof  the Investigation Commission.  In accordance with  these<br \/>\norders the Income-tax Officer commenced proceedings  against<br \/>\nMessrs Jamkhandi Bros. as an association of persons.  On the<br \/>\n30th  November, 1953, various assessment orders were  passed<br \/>\nby the Income-tax Officer assessing the petitioner under the<br \/>\nIncome-tax Act and the Excess Profits Tax Act.\t Proceedings<br \/>\nwere  then taken against the petitioner for recovery of\t the<br \/>\ntax  assessed  by  the\tIncome-tax  Officer  and  in   those<br \/>\nproceedings the properties of the petitioner in the District<br \/>\nof Belgaum were attached for payment of the dues and one  of<br \/>\nhis properties comprising of about 12 plots of land was sold<br \/>\nby  public auction under the provisions of the\tBombay\tLand<br \/>\nRevenue Code.\n<\/p>\n<p>    On the 20th September, 1954, the present application was<br \/>\npreferred  under  the  provisions  of  article\t32  of\t the<br \/>\nConstitution.  It has perhaps been made under the impression<br \/>\nthat the decision of this Court in <a href=\"\/doc\/1623923\/\">Suraj Mal Mohta v. A.  V.<br \/>\nVisvanatha  Sastri  and Another<\/a> (1) has application  to\t the<br \/>\nfacts and circumstances of this case as well and that relief<br \/>\ncan  be\t obtained against the assessment orders\t which\thave<br \/>\nbecome final, by taking proceedings under article 32 of\t the<br \/>\nConstitution.\tIn  the\t petition it was  alleged  that\t the<br \/>\nattachment  and\t sale  of the  petitioner&#8217;s  properties\t was<br \/>\nillegal\t and  violates the petitioner&#8217;s\t fundamental  rights<br \/>\nunder  articles 31(1) and 19(1)(f) of the Constitution.\t  It<br \/>\nwas also alleged<br \/>\n(1)  A.I.R. 1954 S.C. 545.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">772<\/span><\/p>\n<p>that  the  proceedings before the  Income-tax  Investigation<br \/>\nCommission  after the coming into force of the\tConstitution<br \/>\nwere  illegal as being in contravention of articles  14\t and<br \/>\n20(3)  of the Constitution and that in view of the  decision<br \/>\nof this Court in <a href=\"\/doc\/1623923\/\">Suraj Mal Mohta v. A. V. Visvanatha  Sastri<br \/>\nand Another<\/a> (supra) proceedings under the Taxation on Income<br \/>\n(Investigation Commission) Act, 1947 were discriminatory and<br \/>\nthat  the  references made by the Central  Government  under<br \/>\nsection\t 5(1) are not based on a proper classification.\t  It<br \/>\nwas prayed that this Court may be pleased to issue a writ in<br \/>\nthe  nature  of\t mandamus and\/or certiorari  or\t such  other<br \/>\ndirections  as\tmay be appropriate to quash  the  assessment<br \/>\norders made in pursuance of the order of the Central Govern-<br \/>\nment   under  section  8(2)  of\t the  Taxation\t on   Income<br \/>\n(Investigation\tCommission) Act, 1947, and to  restrain\t the<br \/>\nrespondents from attaching and selling or interfering in any<br \/>\nmanner with the properties of the petitioner.\n<\/p>\n<p>     From  the\tfacts  stated above it\tis  plain  that\t the<br \/>\nproceedings  taken  under  the\timpugned  Act  XXX  of\t1947<br \/>\nconcluded   so\tfar  as\t the  Investigation  Commission\t  is<br \/>\nconcerned  in  September, 1952, more than two  years  before<br \/>\nthis  petition was presented in this Court.  The  assessment<br \/>\norders\tunder the Income-tax Act itself were made a  against<br \/>\nthe petitioner in November, 1953.  In these circumstances we<br \/>\nare  of the opinion that he is entitled to no  relief  under<br \/>\nthe  provisions of article 32 of the Constitution.   It\t was<br \/>\nheld  by  this\tCourt in  <a href=\"\/doc\/233559\/\">Ramjilal  v.\tIncome-tax  Officer,<br \/>\nMohindergarh<\/a>  (1)  that as there is a special  provision  in<br \/>\narticle 265 of the Constitution that no tax shall be  levied<br \/>\nor  collected  except  by authority of law,  clause  (1)  of<br \/>\narticle\t 31  must therefore be regarded\t as  concerned\twith<br \/>\ndeprivation of property otherwise than by the imposition  or<br \/>\ncollection  of tax, and inasmuch as the right  conferred  by<br \/>\narticle\t 265  is not a right conferred by Part\tIII  of\t the<br \/>\nConstitution, it could not be enforced under article 32.  In<br \/>\nview  of this decision it has to be held that  the  petition<br \/>\nunder  article 32 is not maintainable in the situation\tthat<br \/>\nhas  arisen and that even otherwise in the peculiar  circum-<br \/>\nstances that have arisen it would not be just and proper<br \/>\n(1)  [1951] S.C.R. I27<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">\t\t\t    773<\/span><br \/>\nto  direct the issue of any of the writs the issue of  which<br \/>\nis  discretionary with this Court.  When this  position\t was<br \/>\nput  to Mr. Sen, the learned counsel for the petitioner,  he<br \/>\nvery  fairly, and, in our opinion, rightly conceded that  it<br \/>\nwas not possible for him to combat this position.\n<\/p>\n<p>     For  the reasons given above this petition is bound  to<br \/>\nfail and it is accordingly dismissed with costs.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t     Petition dismissed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India Laxmanappa Hanumantappa &#8230; vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954 Equivalent citations: 1955 AIR 3 Author: M C Mahajan Bench: Mahajan, Mehar Chand (Cj), Das, Sudhi Ranjan, Hasan, Ghulam, Bhagwati, Natwarlal H., Aiyyar, T.L. Venkatarama PETITIONER: LAXMANAPPA HANUMANTAPPA JAMKHANDI Vs. RESPONDENT: THE UNION OF INDIA AND ANOTHER. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Laxmanappa Hanumantappa ... vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa ... vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"1954-10-20T18:30:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-09-30T20:06:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legaliadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Legal_india\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Legal India Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\"},\"headline\":\"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa &#8230; vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954\",\"datePublished\":\"1954-10-20T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-09-30T20:06:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954\"},\"wordCount\":1210,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Supreme Court of India\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954\",\"name\":\"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa ... vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"1954-10-20T18:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-09-30T20:06:46+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa &#8230; vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"name\":\"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"description\":\"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\",\"alternateName\":\"Legal India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/5\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/legal-india-icon.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/LegalindiaCom\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Legal_india\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea\",\"name\":\"Legal India Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Legal India Admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legaliadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalindia.com\\\/judgments\\\/author\\\/legal-india-admin\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa ... vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa ... vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954","og_site_name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","article_published_time":"1954-10-20T18:30:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2015-09-30T20:06:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":512,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Legal India Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legaliadmin","twitter_site":"@Legal_india","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Legal India Admin","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954"},"author":{"name":"Legal India Admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea"},"headline":"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa &#8230; vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954","datePublished":"1954-10-20T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2015-09-30T20:06:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954"},"wordCount":1210,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Supreme Court of India"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954","name":"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa ... vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website"},"datePublished":"1954-10-20T18:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2015-09-30T20:06:46+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/laxmanappa-hanumantappa-vs-the-union-of-india-and-another-on-21-october-1954#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Laxmanappa Hanumantappa &#8230; vs The Union Of India And Another on 21 October, 1954"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","name":"Free Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","description":"Search and read the latest judgements, orders, and rulings from the Supreme Court of India and all High Courts. A comprehensive database for lawyers, advocates, and law students.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Free judgements of Supreme Court & High Court of India | Legal India","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#organization","name":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India","alternateName":"Legal India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2025\/09\/legal-india-icon.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Judgements of Supreme Court & High Court | Legal India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LegalindiaCom\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Legal_india"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/#\/schema\/person\/0bfdffe9059fb8bb24a86d094609c5ea","name":"Legal India Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4faa9d728ed1af3b73d52225c7f12901ac726fe6f7ea0a3348a1d51f3a930987?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Legal India Admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.legalindia.com","https:\/\/x.com\/legaliadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/author\/legal-india-admin"}]}},"modified_by":null,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77588","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77588"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77588\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77588"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77588"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77588"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}