{"id":78488,"date":"2002-04-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2002-04-11T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/n-parameswaran-pillai-anr-vs-union-of-india-anr-on-12-april-2002"},"modified":"2018-01-13T08:28:30","modified_gmt":"2018-01-13T02:58:30","slug":"n-parameswaran-pillai-anr-vs-union-of-india-anr-on-12-april-2002","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/n-parameswaran-pillai-anr-vs-union-of-india-anr-on-12-april-2002","title":{"rendered":"N. Parameswaran Pillai &amp; Anr vs Union Of India &amp; Anr on 12 April, 2002"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">N. Parameswaran Pillai &amp; Anr vs Union Of India &amp; Anr on 12 April, 2002<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: Sethi<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: R.P. Sethi, D.M. Dharmadhikari<\/div>\n<pre>           CASE NO.:\nAppeal (civil) 2661  of  2002\n\n\n\nPETITIONER:\nN. PARAMESWARAN PILLAI &amp; ANR.\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nUNION OF INDIA &amp; ANR.\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\t12\/04\/2002\n\nBENCH:\nR.P. Sethi &amp; D.M. Dharmadhikari\n\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>SETHI,J.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tLeave granted.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tDenying them the benefit of the amendment to the Railways<br \/>\nAccidents and Untoward Incidents (Compensation) rules, 1990 as amended<br \/>\nin 1997 and relying upon its earlier judgment in Union of India v.<br \/>\nThankaraj [1999 (3) KLT 320], the High Court refused to enhance the<br \/>\ncompensation for the death of P. Suresh Kumar in a train accident which<br \/>\nhad occurred on 17.7.1997.  Relying upon a judgment of this Court in<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/doc\/1873226\/\">Rathi Menon v. Union of India<\/a> [2001 (3) SCC 714] the appellants have<br \/>\nprayed for setting aside the impugned judgment and for enhancement of<br \/>\nthe compensation.\n<\/p>\n<p>The facts giving rise to the filing of the present appeal are that<br \/>\nwhile travelling from Thiruvalla to Jamnagar in Train No.6334 on a valid<br \/>\nticket issued by the Southern Railways, the deceased was accidentally<br \/>\nthrown out of the train on account of over-crowding near electric pillar<br \/>\nat Km.134\/4-5 between Chakarapalli and Penukonda Railway Stations.  As a<br \/>\nresult of the fall, the deceased got injuries all over his body and<br \/>\nultimately died.  A case as Crime No.38 of 1997 was registered and<br \/>\nultimately closed finding it as a case of accidental death.  The<br \/>\nappellants thereafter prayed for the award of compensation of Rs.4 lakhs<br \/>\nwhich was disposed of by the Railway Claims Tribunal vide its judgment<br \/>\ndated 29th October, 1998 holding the appellants entitled to the payment<br \/>\nof Rs.2 lakhs by way of compensation for the untoward incident along<br \/>\nwith interest at the rate of 15% per annum from the date of default.  In<br \/>\nthe appeal before the Division Bench of the High Court the order of the<br \/>\nTribunal awarding compensation was upheld and the appellants held<br \/>\nentitled @ 12% per annum from 29.12.1997, the date of petition till<br \/>\n29.11.1998.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tAfter hearing the learned counsel for the parties and perusing the<br \/>\nrecord, we have no doubt in our mind that the claim of the appellants is<br \/>\nsquarely covered by the judgment of this Court in Rathi Menon&#8217;s case<br \/>\n(supra) wherein while setting aside the similar judgment of the Kerala<br \/>\nHigh Court, it was held:\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The asinine consequence of accepting the interpretation<br \/>\nplaced by the Division Bench of the High Court can be<br \/>\ndemonstrated through an illustration.  If a person sustained<br \/>\ninjury as described in Rule 3(2) of the Rules, in an<br \/>\naccident in a train on 30.10.1997, and another person<br \/>\nsustains the same kind of injury in another accident in a<br \/>\ntrain the next day i.e. 1.11.1997, when both persons made<br \/>\nseparate applications before the same Claims Tribunal for<br \/>\ncompensation, the Tribunal can award Rs.2 lakhs only in the<br \/>\nfirst case and Rs.4 lakhs in the second case.  What a woeful<br \/>\ndiscrimination, if not a glaringly unfair differentiation.<br \/>\nSee the interval between the two accidents of identical<br \/>\nfeatures.  It was only a few hours, but the difference in<br \/>\nthe compensation amount is enormously high.  any court<br \/>\nshould avert an interpretation which would lead to such a<br \/>\nmanifestly absurd fallout, unless the court is compelled<br \/>\notherwise by any mandatory provision.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tWhy the Central Government decided to make such a vast<br \/>\nvariation in the amount of compensation while exercising the<br \/>\npowers conferred by Section 129 of the Act? It cannot be<br \/>\nconceived that the Government wanted to make a<br \/>\ndiscrimination between those victims who suffered an injury<br \/>\nin an accident prior to 1.11.1997 and those who suffered an<br \/>\nidentical injury in a similar accident on or after that<br \/>\ndate.  The raison d&#8217;etre for making such variation is easily<br \/>\ndiscernible.  the Central Government wanted to update the<br \/>\ncompensation amount.  Rupee value is not an unchanging unit<br \/>\nin the monetary system.\t Students of economic history know<br \/>\nthat currency value remained static before the Second World<br \/>\nWar.  But the post-World War II witnessed the new phenomenon<br \/>\nof vast fluctuations in money value of currency notes in<br \/>\ncirculation in each nation.  When the US Dollar registered a<br \/>\nsteep upward rise, currencies in many other countries made<br \/>\ndownward slip.\tWhat was the value of one hundred rupees<br \/>\ntwenty years ago is vastly different from what it is today.<br \/>\nThis substantial change has caused its impact on the cost of<br \/>\nliving also.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe Central Government while changing the figures in<br \/>\nthe compensation amount after an interval of a decade was<br \/>\nonly influenced by the desire to update the money value of<br \/>\nthe compensation.  In other words, what you were to pay ten<br \/>\nyears ago to one person cannot be the same if it is paid<br \/>\ntoday in the same figure of currency notes.  It is for the<br \/>\npurpose of meeting the reality that the Central Government<br \/>\nchanged the figures.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tThe unjust consequence resulting from the<br \/>\ninterpretation which the Division Bench placed can be<br \/>\ndemonstrated in another plane also.  If a person who<br \/>\nsustained injury in a railway accident or in an untoward<br \/>\nincident was disabled from making an application immediately<br \/>\nand he makes the application a few years hence, is he to get<br \/>\nthe compensation in terms of the money value which prevailed<br \/>\non the date of the accident?  Suppose a Tribunal wrongly<br \/>\ndismissed a claim after a few years of filing the<br \/>\napplication and the claimant approaches the High Court in<br \/>\nappeal.\t As it happens quite often now, some High Court<br \/>\ncould take up such an appeal only after the lapse of many<br \/>\nyears and if the appeal is decided in favour of the claimant<br \/>\nafter so many years, what a pity if the amount awarded is<br \/>\nonly in terms of the figure indicated on the date of the<br \/>\naccident.\n<\/p>\n<p>\tFrom all these, we are of the definite opinion that<br \/>\nthe Claims Tribunal must consider what the Rules prescribed<br \/>\nat the time of making the order for payment of the<br \/>\ncompensation.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\tIn view of authoritative pronouncement made by this Court under<br \/>\nsimilar circumstances, the present appeal has to be allowed by setting<br \/>\naside the impugned judgment of the High Court.\tConsequently we direct<br \/>\nthe Railway Administration to pay to the appellants a total sum of Rs.4<br \/>\nlakhs instead of Rs.2 lakhs as awarded within a period of three months<br \/>\nfrom the date of this judgment with interest as awarded by the High<br \/>\nCourt.\tIf the amount of Rs.2 lakhs as awarded by the Tribunal has<br \/>\nalready been paid, the appellants would be entitled to interest on the<br \/>\nbalance amount of Rs.2 lakhs from the date of the petition till the<br \/>\nactual payment and not on the whole amount as awarded by us.  The appeal<br \/>\nis allowed accordingly.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.J.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t(R.P. Sethi)<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..J.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t(D.M. Dharmadhikari)<br \/>\nApril 12, 2002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India N. Parameswaran Pillai &amp; Anr vs Union Of India &amp; Anr on 12 April, 2002 Author: Sethi Bench: R.P. Sethi, D.M. Dharmadhikari CASE NO.: Appeal (civil) 2661 of 2002 PETITIONER: N. PARAMESWARAN PILLAI &amp; ANR. Vs. RESPONDENT: UNION OF INDIA &amp; ANR. DATE OF JUDGMENT: 12\/04\/2002 BENCH: R.P. Sethi &amp; D.M. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>N. 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