{"id":80276,"date":"2002-03-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2002-03-19T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pushpa-devi-vs-state-of-nct-of-delhi-on-20-march-2002"},"modified":"2017-10-22T12:15:41","modified_gmt":"2017-10-22T06:45:41","slug":"pushpa-devi-vs-state-of-nct-of-delhi-on-20-march-2002","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pushpa-devi-vs-state-of-nct-of-delhi-on-20-march-2002","title":{"rendered":"Pushpa Devi vs State Of Nct Of Delhi on 20 March, 2002"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Delhi High Court<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Pushpa Devi vs State Of Nct Of Delhi on 20 March, 2002<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 2002 IVAD Delhi 505, 97 (2002) DLT 613<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: V Aggarwal<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: B Khan, V Aggarwal<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<pre><\/pre>\n<p>JUDGMENT<\/p>\n<p>    V.S. Aggarwal, J.   <\/p>\n<p> 1. Mrs. Pushpa Devi (since deceased) had filed the<br \/>\npresent petition under Article 226 of the Constitution<br \/>\nof India read with Section 482 of the Code of Criminal<br \/>\nProcedure seeking a direction for registration of a<br \/>\ncase under Section 302 Indian Penal Code read with<br \/>\nSection 120B of the said Code for the murder of the<br \/>\nson of the petitioner and for seeking a direction to<br \/>\nCentral Bureau of Investigation to investigate.\n<\/p>\n<p> 2. Ram Babu Sharma was the constable on duty at the<br \/>\nresidence of Deputy Commission of Police. it is<br \/>\nalleged that his duty of 5th April, 1999 was from 8.00<br \/>\nPM to 8.00 AM of 6th April, 1999. On 6th April, 1999<br \/>\nRam Babu Sharma was found injured\/wounded in Children<br \/>\nPark, India Gate which is stated to be 300 to 400<br \/>\nyards from the residence of the place where he was on<br \/>\nduty. Some persons saw Ram Babu in an injured<br \/>\ncondition and one of them informed the watchman Hari<br \/>\nRam and the police control room van standing nearby.<br \/>\nHe was removed to Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital. The<br \/>\nfamily of Ram Babu was also informed. Ram Babu Sharma<br \/>\nit is stated was not in a position to speak and by<br \/>\n8.10 AM he was declared to be dead. Petitioner<br \/>\ncontends foul play and her assertion is that it is not<br \/>\na case of suicide rather it is a case where deceased<br \/>\nRam Babu had been fatally wounded and therefore by<br \/>\nvirtue of the present petition it is prayed that<br \/>\nrespondents should be directed to register First<br \/>\nInformation Report already referred to above and for<br \/>\ntransfer of the investigation to an independent<br \/>\nagency.\n<\/p>\n<p> 3. During the pendency of the petition Mrs. Pushpa<br \/>\nDevi and died and the father of the deceased Ghanshyam<br \/>\nDas was transposed as the petitioner.\n<\/p>\n<p> 4. The respondent has submitted the reply and<br \/>\npointed that on 6th April, 1999 in pursuance of the<br \/>\nreceipt of daily dairy No. 36-A at 6.20 AM Sub<br \/>\nInspector Ram Niwas and Constable Sanjeev Kumar<br \/>\nreached Children Park. They had found lost of blood<br \/>\nand two empty cartridges at the spot. On enquiries<br \/>\nSub Inspector came to know that injured has already<br \/>\nbeen taken to Ram Manohar Lohia hospital by the police<br \/>\ncontrol room van. The officer in charge of the police<br \/>\nstation Tilak Marg along with other members of the<br \/>\nstaff reached the hospital. It was found that injured<br \/>\nRam Babu was undergoing treatment in emergency ward.<br \/>\nSub Inspector Ram Niwas collected Medico Legal Report<br \/>\nat 6.55 AM. Ram Babu, Constable was declared dead at<br \/>\n8.10 AM. Thereupon the site was re-visited by the<br \/>\npolice officers. The blood earth stained earth was<br \/>\npicked up, two empty cartridges were also picked up<br \/>\nfrom the spot along with 18 live cartridges. The<br \/>\nmembers of the family of the deceased had been<br \/>\ninformed and inquest proceedings had been drawn.\n<\/p>\n<p> 5. It has further been asserted that Dr. G.K.<br \/>\nSharma, Professor and Head of the Department of<br \/>\nForensic Medicines in Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital<br \/>\nconducted the postmortem. In the opinion of doctor<br \/>\ndeath could have been caused by &#8220;Coranio Cerebral<br \/>\ndamage as a result of fire-arm injury&#8221;. Statement of<br \/>\nother members who could throw light on the accident<br \/>\nwas recorded. None of the statement gave substantial<br \/>\ninformation as to the cause, attempt, motive of<br \/>\nsequence of the events leading to the death of Ram<br \/>\nBabu Sharma. Since it was not possible to reach the<br \/>\nconclusion the matter was discussed and inquest was<br \/>\nkept pending. However, Dr. G.K. Sharma based his<br \/>\nsubsequent opinion on circumstantial evidence, type of<br \/>\nfire arm used and its location on the same. He<br \/>\nconcluded that all the aforesaid factors are<br \/>\nconsistent with likely suicidal attempt by the<br \/>\nindividual concerned. The father of the deceased had<br \/>\ncomplained to the Commissioner of Police who<br \/>\ntransferred the enquiry to Crime Branch. Accordingly,<br \/>\nall relevant papers with Tilak Marg Police Station<br \/>\nwere handed over to Sub Inspector Jitender of Special<br \/>\nCrime team. The crime branch conduced a thorough<br \/>\nenquiry. During discussion the Commissioner of Police<br \/>\nraised certain queries. A detailed note based on<br \/>\ncircumstantial evidence and scientific evidence had<br \/>\ncome on record and it was agreed that it was a case of<br \/>\nsuicide. It has been mentioned further that FSL<br \/>\nMalviya Nagar had re-enacted the scene of incident<br \/>\nbefore the report was finalized.\n<\/p>\n<p> 6. The short question that comes up for<br \/>\nconsideration which is subject matter for<br \/>\nconsideration is as to whether in the facts of the<br \/>\ncase the court should direct registration of the First<br \/>\nInformation Report and transfer the investigation to<br \/>\nany other independent agency or not.\n<\/p>\n<p> 7. On behalf of the petitioner it was vehemently<br \/>\ncontended that the petitioners were apprehending<br \/>\ncertain facts or in other words foul play. They<br \/>\ncontend that Ram Babu had been murdered and therefore<br \/>\nFirst Information Report should be recorded and<br \/>\nfurther keeping in view the nature of the reply filed<br \/>\non behalf of the respondent it is prayed that<br \/>\ninvestigation be handed over to the Central Bureau of<br \/>\nInvestigation. The leaned counsel for the State with<br \/>\nequal vehemence contended that the petitioners have<br \/>\nbeen complaining and meeting the Commissioner of<br \/>\nPolice were heard and looked into and it was found<br \/>\nthat it was a case of suicide and therefore there was<br \/>\nno ground for further investigation.\n<\/p>\n<p> 8. Section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure in<br \/>\nits stark brevity cast a duty on the concerned police<br \/>\nstation to record the First Information Report when it<br \/>\ndiscloses a cognizable offence. When complaint is<br \/>\nmade with respect to a cognizable offence the<br \/>\ninformation can be given orally or in writing. The<br \/>\nsame has to be reduced into writing. Certain<br \/>\nexceptions have also creped in.\n<\/p>\n<p> 9. The Supreme Court in the case of    <a href=\"\/doc\/1033637\/\">State of<br \/>\nHaryana and Ors. v. Bhajan Lal<\/a>    had gone into this controversy and in unqualified<br \/>\nterms drew a distinction as to what would be a<br \/>\nreasonable report and credible information, it was<br \/>\nultimately concluded and law laid down that if<br \/>\ninformation disclosed is a cognizable offence the<br \/>\npolice officer should record the First Information<br \/>\nReport. The relevant law in this regard as referred<br \/>\nto above reads:-\n<\/p>\n<p> &#8220;32. Be it noted that in Section 154(1) of the<br \/>\nCode, the legislature in its collective wisdom<br \/>\nhas carefully and cautiously used the<br \/>\nexpression &#8220;information&#8221; without qualifying the<br \/>\nsame as in Section 41(1)(a) or (g) of the code<br \/>\nwherein the expressions, &#8220;reasonable complaint&#8221;<br \/>\nand &#8220;credible information&#8221; are used.<br \/>\nEvidently, the non-qualification of the word<br \/>\n&#8220;information&#8221; in Section 154(1) unlike in<br \/>\nSection 41(1)(a) and (g) of the Code may be for<br \/>\nthe reason that the police officer should not<br \/>\nrefuse to record an information relating to the<br \/>\ncommission of a cognizable offence and to<br \/>\nregister a case thereon on the ground that he<br \/>\nis not satisfied with the reasonableness or<br \/>\ncredibility of the information. In other<br \/>\nwords, &#8216;reasonableness&#8217; or credibility of the<br \/>\nsaid information is not a condition precedent<br \/>\nfor registration of a case. A comparison of<br \/>\nthe present Section 154 with those of the<br \/>\nearlier Codes will indicate that the<br \/>\nlegislature had purposely thought it fit to<br \/>\nemploy only the word &#8220;information&#8221; without<br \/>\nqualifying the said word. Section 139 of the<br \/>\nCode of Criminal Procedure of 1861 (Act 25 of<br \/>\n1961) passed by the Legislative Council of<br \/>\nIndia read that &#8216;every complaint or<br \/>\ninformation&#8217; preferred to an officer in charge<br \/>\nof a police station should be reduced into<br \/>\nwriting which provision was subsequently<br \/>\nmodified by Section 112 of the Code of 1872<br \/>\n(Act 10 of 1872) which thereafter read that<br \/>\n&#8216;every complaint&#8217; preferred to an officer in<br \/>\ncharge of a police station shall be reduced in<br \/>\nwriting. The word &#8216;complaint&#8217; which occurred<br \/>\nin previous two Codes of 1861 and 1872 was<br \/>\ndeleted and in that place the word<br \/>\n&#8216;information&#8217; was used in the Codes of 1882 and<br \/>\n1898 which word is now used in Sections 154,<br \/>\n155, 157 and 190(c) of the present Code of 1973<br \/>\n(Act 2 of 1974). An overall reading of all the<br \/>\nCodes makes it clear that the condition which<br \/>\nis sine qua non for recording a first<br \/>\ninformation report is that there must be an<br \/>\ninformation and that information must disclose<br \/>\na cognizable offence.\n<\/p>\n<p> 33. It is, therefore, manifestly clear that<br \/>\nif any information disclosing a cognizable<br \/>\noffence is laid before an officer in charge of<br \/>\na police station satisfying the requirements of<br \/>\nSection 154(1) of the Code, the said police<br \/>\nofficer has no other option except to enter the<br \/>\nsubstance thereof in the prescribed form, that<br \/>\nis to say, to register a case on the basis of<br \/>\nsuch information.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p> 10. It is true that in the later part of the<br \/>\njudgment the Supreme Court had gone ahead and referred<br \/>\nto certain preliminary investigation not like an<br \/>\nenquiry or regular investigation in certain cases.<br \/>\nThe same is not relevant at this stage. A Division<br \/>\nBench of this court in the case of    Satish Kumar Goel<br \/>\nv. State and ors.   2000 II AD (Delhi 841 has also gone<br \/>\ninto the same controversy and the legal position<br \/>\ntherefore was enunciated to be:\n<\/p>\n<p>  &#8220;15. Thus, the legal position appears to be<br \/>\nthat where allegations made in the complaint<br \/>\nlodged before the police clearly and<br \/>\nspecifically disclose commission of a<br \/>\ncognizable offence, the officer in charge of the<br \/>\nconcerned police station is duty bound to<br \/>\nregister an FIR. However, where the<br \/>\ninformation recorded in the complaint is<br \/>\nuncertain, indistinct and not clearly expressed<br \/>\nwhich creates a doubt as to whether the<br \/>\ninformation laid before the in charge of the<br \/>\npolice station discloses commission of a<br \/>\ncognizable offence there from, some enquiry<br \/>\nshould proceed before the registration of an<br \/>\nFIR.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p> 11. More recently the Supreme Court in the case of<br \/>\n   <a href=\"\/doc\/769541\/\">All India Institute of Medical Sciences Employees<br \/>\nUnion v. Union of India<\/a>   (1996) II SCC 582 also dealt<br \/>\nwith the same controversy. A similar request had been<br \/>\nmade for registration of first information report<br \/>\nagainst the Director of All India Institute of Medical<br \/>\nSciences for the offence punishable under Section 409<br \/>\nIndian Penal Code. The Supreme Court keeping in view<br \/>\nthe said controversy held:-\n<\/p>\n<p> &#8220;4. When the information is laid with the<br \/>\npolice but no action in that behalf is taken,<br \/>\nthe complainant is given power under Section<br \/>\n190 read with Section 200 of the Code to lay<br \/>\nthe complaint before the Magistrate having<br \/>\njurisdiction to take cognizance of the offence<br \/>\nand the Magistrate is required to enquire into<br \/>\nthe complaint as provided in Chapter XV of the<br \/>\nCode. In case the Magistrate after recording<br \/>\nevidence finds a prima facie case, instead of<br \/>\nissuing process to the accused, he is empowered<br \/>\nto direct the police concerned to investigate<br \/>\ninto the offence under Chapter XII of the Code<br \/>\nand to submit a report. If he finds that the<br \/>\ncomplaint does not disclose any offence to take<br \/>\nfurther action, he is empowered to dismiss the<br \/>\ncomplaint under Section 203 of the Code. In<br \/>\ncase he finds that the complaint\/evidence<br \/>\nrecorded prima facie discloses an offence, he<br \/>\nis empowered to take cognizance of the offence<br \/>\nand would issue process to the accused.\n<\/p>\n<p> 5. In this case, the petitioner had not<br \/>\nadopted either of the procedure provided under<br \/>\nthe Code. As a consequence, without availing<br \/>\nof the above procedure, the petitioner is not<br \/>\nentitled to approach the High Court by filing a<br \/>\nwrit petition and seeking a direction to<br \/>\nconduct an investigation by the CBI which is<br \/>\nnot required to investigate into all or every<br \/>\noffence. The High Court, therefore, though for<br \/>\ndifferent reasons, was justified in refusing to<br \/>\ngrant the relief as sought for.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p> 12. Another Division Bench of this court in Criminal<br \/>\nWrit No. 1162\/2001 decided on 24th January, 2002 once<br \/>\nagain went ahead with the same controversy and held:-\n<\/p>\n<p>   &#8220;22. From the aforesaid precedents it is clear<br \/>\nthat following conclusions can conveniently be<br \/>\ndrawn: (i) whenever it is brought in writing<br \/>\nor otherwise that a cognizable offence has been<br \/>\ncommitted in terms of the decisions in the case<br \/>\nof Bhajan Lal (supra) a First Information<br \/>\nReport should be recorded (ii) If the<br \/>\ninformation given is not clear or creates a<br \/>\ndoubt as to whether it discloses a commission<br \/>\nof a cognizable offence some enquiry can<br \/>\nprecede before registration of the offence.\n<\/p>\n<p>(iii) in case of a complaint of such nature<br \/>\nmade against public servants it is doubtful or<br \/>\nsimilarly if it is found that ex facie there is<br \/>\nsome un-truth in the same, an enquiry can be<br \/>\nconducted before registration of the case (iv)<br \/>\nthe enquiry need not partake that of an<br \/>\ninvestigation. It only is a preliminary<br \/>\nenquiry that can be held.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p> 13. From the aforesaid it is clear that if the<br \/>\ninformation is not clear or creates a doubt as to<br \/>\nwhether it discloses commission of cognizable offence<br \/>\nor complaint is of such a nature particularly of<br \/>\ndoubtful nature that some enquiry should be held in<br \/>\nthat event some preliminary enquiry can take place but<br \/>\nit will not part-take that of an investigation. The<br \/>\ndecision in the case of Bhajan Lal (supra) normally<br \/>\nwould be adhered to.\n<\/p>\n<p> 14. During the course of submissions our attention<br \/>\nhas been drawn to certain facts by either side. We<br \/>\ndeem it unnecessary to invoice the court into this<br \/>\ncontroversy because it is basically a matter to be<br \/>\ngone into by the investigating agency. However, it<br \/>\nwas pointed that in the medical report prepared by a<br \/>\njunior resident doctor following injuries had been<br \/>\nfound on the person of the deceased:-\n<\/p>\n<p> &#8220;Clean lacerated wound approximately 5 cm at<br \/>\nRight side of the Forehead near Right eye brow<br \/>\nwith&#8230;..\n<\/p>\n<p> Clean lacerated wound approximately 5 cm at<br \/>\nRight Side of left side of forehead in front of<br \/>\nleft Pinna  <\/p>\n<p> Nose Bleed ++ <\/p>\n<p> Ear Bleed++ <\/p>\n<p> Dropping Eye Bal&#8230;.\n<\/p>\n<p>Swelling at underside of scalp<\/p>\n<p> ?? fire Arm injury&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p> 15. It was urged that in suicide attempt a person<br \/>\nwould not be able to shoot on two sides of his<br \/>\nforehead. These are matters to be looked into by the<br \/>\ninvestigating agency but in the peculiar facts it<br \/>\nappears that keeping in view the nature of the<br \/>\ncomplaint, the first information report could well<br \/>\nhave been recorded because even if some preliminary<br \/>\nenquiry was to take place it should not have partake<br \/>\nthat of further investigation. At this stage,<br \/>\ntherefore, we deem it unnecessary to go further into<br \/>\nthe same but direct that (a) on basis of the complaint<br \/>\nof the petitioner addressed to the Commissioner of<br \/>\nPolice, a First Information Report should be recorded<br \/>\nat the concerned police station. We further direct<br \/>\nthat (b) since Delhi Police had already, as pointed in<br \/>\nthe reply, come to a conclusion and the first<br \/>\ninformation report is being recorded, at this stage<br \/>\ninvestigation should be handed over to the Central<br \/>\nBureau of Investigation (c) by way of abundant caution<br \/>\nnothing said herein should be taken as any expression<br \/>\nof opinion on the merits of the matter (d) the record<br \/>\nof the enquiry shall be handed over to Central Bureau<br \/>\nof Investigation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Delhi High Court Pushpa Devi vs State Of Nct Of Delhi on 20 March, 2002 Equivalent citations: 2002 IVAD Delhi 505, 97 (2002) DLT 613 Author: V Aggarwal Bench: B Khan, V Aggarwal JUDGMENT V.S. Aggarwal, J. 1. Mrs. Pushpa Devi (since deceased) had filed the present petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-delhi-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pushpa Devi vs State Of Nct Of Delhi on 20 March, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pushpa-devi-vs-state-of-nct-of-delhi-on-20-march-2002\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pushpa Devi vs State Of Nct Of Delhi on 20 March, 2002 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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