{"id":8236,"date":"1998-03-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1998-03-02T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-state-of-gujarat-ors-vs-dilipbhai-nathjibhai-patel-anr-on-3-march-1998"},"modified":"2018-04-23T00:30:46","modified_gmt":"2018-04-22T19:00:46","slug":"the-state-of-gujarat-ors-vs-dilipbhai-nathjibhai-patel-anr-on-3-march-1998","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-state-of-gujarat-ors-vs-dilipbhai-nathjibhai-patel-anr-on-3-march-1998","title":{"rendered":"The State Of Gujarat &amp; Ors vs Dilipbhai Nathjibhai Patel &amp; Anr on 3 March, 1998"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">The State Of Gujarat &amp; Ors vs Dilipbhai Nathjibhai Patel &amp; Anr on 3 March, 1998<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: M Mukherjee<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: M.K. Mukherjee, K.T. Thomas<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nTHE STATE OF GUJARAT &amp; ORS.\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nDILIPBHAI NATHJIBHAI PATEL &amp; ANR\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT:\t03\/03\/1998\n\nBENCH:\nM.K. MUKHERJEE, K.T. THOMAS\n\n\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>Present:\n<\/p>\n<p>\t      Hon&#8217;ble Mr. Justice M.K. Mukherjee<br \/>\n\t      Hon&#8217;ble Mr. Justice K.T. Thomas<br \/>\nYashank P.  Ahdyaru, Mr.  Ann Sawhney and Ms. H. Wahi, Advs.<br \/>\nfor the appellants.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t\t      J U D G M E N T<br \/>\n     The following Judgment of the Court was delivered:<br \/>\nM.K. MUKHERJEE, J.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Leave Granted.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The appellant  no.2 a  District Co-operative Officer of<br \/>\nVadodara  has\tlodged\ta   prosecution\t against   the\t two<br \/>\nrespondents  under   Section  147(1)   (d)  of\tthe  Gujarat<br \/>\nCoperative  Societies\tAct,  1961  (`Act&#8217;  for\t short)\t for<br \/>\ncommitting breach  of Section  71 of the Act after obtaining<br \/>\nsanction of the district Registrar as required under Section<br \/>\n149  (3)  thereof.  The\t prosecution  is  also\tfor  certain<br \/>\noffences under\tthe Indian Penal Code. Aggrieved thereby the<br \/>\nrespondents moved the High Court by filling a petition under<br \/>\nSection 482  Cr. P.C.  In disposing of the petition the High<br \/>\nCourt observed\tthat a\tsanction under\tSection\t 149(3)\t for<br \/>\nprosecution under  Section 147(1)(d) cannot be given without<br \/>\ngiving\tthe   party  concerned\t a  prior   hearing.  Since,<br \/>\nadmittedly, the respondents were not given such hearing, the<br \/>\nHigh Court directed that the complaint relating to the above<br \/>\noffence shall  not proceed  till notice\t to the\t respondents<br \/>\nwere given  and sanction  was accorded\tafter hearing  them.<br \/>\nHowever, it  clarified,\t the  complaint\t for  the  remaining<br \/>\noffences shall, in no way be affected by its order and shall<br \/>\nbe proceeded  with in  accordance with law. The direction of<br \/>\nthe High Court so far as it relates to the prosecution under<br \/>\nthe Act is under challenge in this appeal.\n<\/p>\n<p>     To appreciate  the reasoning  of  the  High  Court\t for<br \/>\nissuing the  impugned direction\t it  will  be  necessary  to<br \/>\nreproduce Section 149(3) of the Act. It reads as under:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>     &#8220;149 Cognizance of offlences &#8211;<br \/>\n     (1)xxx  xxx  xxx  xxx<br \/>\n     (2)xxx xxxx  xxx  xxx<br \/>\n     (3) No  prosecution under\tthis Act<br \/>\n     shall be  lodged, except  with  the<br \/>\n     previous  sanction\t  of  the  State<br \/>\n     Government\t in   the  case\t  of  an<br \/>\n     offence under  clause (c)\tof  sub-<br \/>\n     section (1)  of section 147, and of<br \/>\n     the Registrar  in the  case of  any<br \/>\n     other offence  under this Act. Such<br \/>\n     sanction shall  not be given except<br \/>\n     after hearing  the party concerned,<br \/>\n     by an  officer authorised\tin  this<br \/>\n     behalf by the State Government by a<br \/>\n     general or special order.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     From a  plain reading  of the  first part\tof the above<br \/>\nsub-section it\tis manifest that for lodging prosecution for<br \/>\nan offence  under the  Act previous   sanction is essential.<br \/>\nWhile  for   the  offence   under  Section   147(1)(c)\t the<br \/>\nsanctioning authority  is the State Government for all other<br \/>\noffences it  is the Registrar. When the words &#8220;such sanction<br \/>\nshall not be given&#8221; appearing at the beginning of the second<br \/>\npart is read in juxtaposition with the words  &#8220;by an officer<br \/>\nauthorised in  this behalf  by the  State  Government  by  a<br \/>\ngeneral or  special order&#8221;  at the  end, it is also manifest<br \/>\nthat  hearing  is  to  be  given  only\tif  a  sanction\t for<br \/>\nprosecution under Section 147(1) (c) is contemplated and not<br \/>\notherwise.\n<\/p>\n<p>     From the  impugned order of the High Court we find that<br \/>\nwhen the  above contention was raised before it on behalf of<br \/>\nthe respondents therein (the appellants before us), the High<br \/>\nCourt observed\tthat the  words &#8220;such  sanction shall not be<br \/>\ngiven&#8221;\tare   to  be  interpreted  in  the  context  of\t the<br \/>\nprovisions made\t for the  sanction in  connection  with\t two<br \/>\ndifferent categories  of offences and when so interpreted it<br \/>\nwould necessarily  mean that  sanction required\t to be given<br \/>\neither by  the Registrar or by the State must be preceded by<br \/>\na notice  to and  hearing of the parties concerned. The High<br \/>\nCourt, however,\t did not  spell out,  either in interpreting<br \/>\nthe section  or issuing\t the impugned  direction who  was to<br \/>\ngive the  notice and  hear the\tparties in  respect  of\t the<br \/>\noffences  for\twhich  the   Registrar\tis  the\t sanctioning<br \/>\nauthority. If  the legislature\tintended that  in respect of<br \/>\nthe offences  for which\t the sanctioning  authority  is\t the<br \/>\nRegistrar a  prior hearing  is also  required to be given by<br \/>\nhim then,  after the words &#8220;by an officer authorised in this<br \/>\nbehalf by  the State  Government by  a\tgeneral\t or  special<br \/>\norder&#8221;, the  words &#8220;or by the Registrar, as the case may be&#8221;<br \/>\n(or similar such words) would have been added. When there is<br \/>\nno reference  to the  Registrar at all in the latter part of<br \/>\nthe section  such sanction appearing therein must refer to a<br \/>\nsanction  which\t is  required  to  be  given  by  the  State<br \/>\nGovernment. In\tinterpreting a\tStatute the Court cannot aid<br \/>\nthe legislature&#8217;s  defective phrasing  of an Act nor can add<br \/>\nor amend  and, by  construction make  up deficiencies  which<br \/>\nare left  there. In Union of India Vs. Deoki Nandan Aggarwal<br \/>\n[1991) 3 S.C.R. 873], this Court observed:-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>     &#8220;It is  not the  duty of  the Court<br \/>\n     either to\tenlarge the scope of the<br \/>\n     legislation or the intention of the<br \/>\n     legislature when  the  language  of<br \/>\n     the   provision\tis   plain   and<br \/>\n     unambiguous.   The\t  Court\t  cannot<br \/>\n     rewrite,  recast\tor  reframe  the<br \/>\n     legislation  for\tthe  very   good<br \/>\n     reason that  it  has  no  power  to<br \/>\n     legislate. The  power to  legislate<br \/>\n     has  not\tbeen  conferred\t on  the<br \/>\n     Court. The\t Court cannot  add words<br \/>\n     to a  statute or read words into it<br \/>\n     which are not there. Assuming there<br \/>\n     is a  defect or  an omission in the<br \/>\n     words used\t by the\t legislature the<br \/>\n     Court could  not go  to its  aid to<br \/>\n     correct or\t make up the deficiency.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>     Court shall  decide what the law is<br \/>\n     and not  what  it\tshould\tbe.  The<br \/>\n     Court   of\t   course    adopts    a<br \/>\n     construction which\t will carry  out<br \/>\n     the  obvious   intention\tof   the<br \/>\n     legislature but could not legislate<br \/>\n     itself.  But   to\tinvoke\tjudicial<br \/>\n     activism\tto    set   at\t  naught<br \/>\n     legislative judgment  is subversive<br \/>\n     of the  constitutional harmony  and<br \/>\n     comity of instrumentalities.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\t  (emphasis supplied)<br \/>\n     In view  of the  law so  laid down\t the  above  section<br \/>\ncannot be  interpreted\tto  mean  that\tin  respect  of\t the<br \/>\noffences  for\twhich  the   Registrar\tis  the\t sanctioning<br \/>\nauthority a prior hearing is required to be given.\n<\/p>\n<p>     The matter\t can be viewed from the other angle also. If<br \/>\nthe words  &#8220;such sanction&#8221;  is to refer also to offences for<br \/>\nwhich the  Registrar is\t the sanctioning  authority it\twill<br \/>\nlead to\t an absurd  situation, in  that\t a  duly  authorised<br \/>\nofficer of the State Government will hear the parties on the<br \/>\nquestion of  grant  of\tsanction  on  its  behalf,  but\t the<br \/>\ndecision to  grant sanction  will rest on the former. In any<br \/>\nview of\t the matter,  therefore, the interpretation given by<br \/>\nthe High  Court and  for that  matter, the  direction issued<br \/>\ncannot be sustained.\n<\/p>\n<p>     We accordingly allow this appeal and quash the impugned<br \/>\ndirection.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India The State Of Gujarat &amp; Ors vs Dilipbhai Nathjibhai Patel &amp; Anr on 3 March, 1998 Author: M Mukherjee Bench: M.K. Mukherjee, K.T. Thomas PETITIONER: THE STATE OF GUJARAT &amp; ORS. Vs. RESPONDENT: DILIPBHAI NATHJIBHAI PATEL &amp; ANR DATE OF JUDGMENT: 03\/03\/1998 BENCH: M.K. MUKHERJEE, K.T. THOMAS ACT: HEADNOTE: JUDGMENT: Present: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The State Of Gujarat &amp; Ors vs Dilipbhai Nathjibhai Patel &amp; Anr on 3 March, 1998 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/the-state-of-gujarat-ors-vs-dilipbhai-nathjibhai-patel-anr-on-3-march-1998\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The State Of Gujarat &amp; 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