{"id":82836,"date":"1995-07-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"1995-07-11T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-rajasthan-vs-prithvi-raj-on-12-july-1995"},"modified":"2019-03-21T14:30:27","modified_gmt":"2019-03-21T09:00:27","slug":"state-of-rajasthan-vs-prithvi-raj-on-12-july-1995","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-rajasthan-vs-prithvi-raj-on-12-july-1995","title":{"rendered":"State Of Rajasthan vs Prithvi Raj on 12 July, 1995"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Supreme Court of India<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">State Of Rajasthan vs Prithvi Raj on 12 July, 1995<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_citations\">Equivalent citations: 1995 SCC,   Supl.  (3) 410 1995 SCALE  (4)358<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_author\">Author: K J Reddy<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: Reddy, K. Jayachandra (J)<\/div>\n<pre>           PETITIONER:\nSTATE OF RAJASTHAN\n\n\tVs.\n\nRESPONDENT:\nPRITHVI RAJ\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT12\/07\/1995\n\nBENCH:\nREDDY, K. JAYACHANDRA (J)\nBENCH:\nREDDY, K. JAYACHANDRA (J)\nPUNCHHI, M.M.\n\nCITATION:\n 1995 SCC  Supl.  (3) 410 1995 SCALE  (4)358\n\n\nACT:\n\n\n\nHEADNOTE:\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT:\n<\/pre>\n<p>\t  THE 12TH DAY OF JULY, 1995<br \/>\nPresent:\n<\/p>\n<p>\t  Hon&#8217;ble Mr.Justice M.M.Punchhi<br \/>\n\t  Hon&#8217;ble Mr.Justice K.Jayachandra Reddy<br \/>\nMr.K.S.Bhati, Adv. for the Appellant<br \/>\nMr.U.R.Lalit,Sr. Adv.and Mr.R.N.Keshwani, Adv.with him for<br \/>\nthe Respondent.\n<\/p>\n<p>\t\t    JUDGMENT<br \/>\nThe following Judgment of the Court was delivered:<br \/>\nState of Rajasthan<br \/>\nV.\n<\/p>\n<p>Prithvi Raj<br \/>\n\t\t    JUDGMENT<br \/>\nK.JAYACHANDRA REDDY,J.\n<\/p>\n<p>     This is an appeal by the State of Rajasthan against the<br \/>\njudgment of the High Court acquitting the sole respondent of<br \/>\nthe offence  punishable under  Section 302 I.P.C. by setting<br \/>\naside the  judgment of\tthe trial  court. This\tis a case of<br \/>\nwife&#8217;s murder.\tThe appellant  was married  to Smt.  Lachmi,<br \/>\ndeceased about\t4-1\/2 years prior to the date of occurrence.<br \/>\nAccording to  the prosecution  though  the  parents  of\t the<br \/>\ndeceased had  given dowry  according to\t their means but the<br \/>\nsame fell  short of  the expectations of the accused and his<br \/>\nparents and  therefore the  relations  between\tthem  became<br \/>\nstrained. It  is alleged that the deceased was driven out of<br \/>\nthe house  of her  in-laws and therefore she was living with<br \/>\nher parents.  A panchayat  was held  and the  in-laws of the<br \/>\ndeceased were  persuaded to  keep the deceased with them and<br \/>\nthat the  deceased would thereafter go to her father&#8217;s house<br \/>\nfor 10\tdays and  thereafter she  would be  brought  to\t her<br \/>\nhusband&#8217;s house.  Pursuant to  this panchayat  the  deceased<br \/>\nwent to\t her father&#8217;s  house at\t Padampur. Om  Prakash,\t the<br \/>\nyounger brother\t of the\t accused went  to take\ther  to\t her<br \/>\nhusband&#8217;s house.  At that  time the deceased is said to have<br \/>\ntold her  parents to  give the\trest of\t the dowry  but\t the<br \/>\nparents could  not arrange  the same. The deceased, however,<br \/>\nwent weeping  with Om  Prakash in  the morning\tof April 25,<br \/>\n1978. The  neighbouring ladies P.Ws. 4 and 5 bid farewell to<br \/>\nher. The  deceased, however, went to her husband&#8217;s house and<br \/>\nwhile she was sitting in the Kotha of the house, the accused<br \/>\nwas annoyed  and asked\ther to\tgo away but the deceased did<br \/>\nnot go\tout of the house. It is alleged that the accused who<br \/>\nlost his temper, poured Kerosene oil on her clothes, lighted<br \/>\na match\t stick and  set her  clothes to\t fire.\tIt  is\talso<br \/>\nalleged that  at that  time the\t parents of the accused were<br \/>\nsitting at  the outer  door. The  deceased raised  an  alarm<br \/>\nwhich attracted many. The deceased was moved to the hospital<br \/>\nand was\t admitted there\t at 2.40 P.M. on April 25, 1978. Dr.<br \/>\nRajendra  Kumar\t Gupta\tattended  on  her  and\tfinding\t her<br \/>\ncondition serious  he informed\tthe local police for getting<br \/>\nher dying  declaration recorded. The Doctor also stated that<br \/>\nduring her examination the patient told him that her husband<br \/>\nhad poured  Kerosene oil  on her  clothes. On receipt of the<br \/>\nintimation from\t the Doctor,  the Assistant  Sub  Inspector,<br \/>\nIqbal Singh  reached the hospital and recorded the statement<br \/>\nof the deceased which is Ex.p.7. In that she has stated that<br \/>\nthe accused poured Kerosene oil on her clothes. The Judicial<br \/>\nMagistrate also reached the hospital for recording the dying<br \/>\ndeclaration and\t after satisfying himself with the condition<br \/>\nand the\t ability of  the deceased  for giving the statement,<br \/>\nrecorded the statement and Dr. P.K. Agrawal, who was on duty<br \/>\nat that\t time, certified  the fitness of the patient to make<br \/>\nthe statement.\tThe statement  was recorded  at 4.40 P.M. on<br \/>\nthe same  day. The  A.S.I. on  the basis  of  the  statement<br \/>\nrecorded by  him registered  a case under Section 307 I.P.C.<br \/>\nand proceeded with the investigation. The deceased, however,<br \/>\ndied on\t April 28,  1978. On  information of  the death,  an<br \/>\naltered\t F.I.R.\t was  issued.  The  post-mortem\t examination<br \/>\nrevealed that  the deceased died due to extensive burns. The<br \/>\naccused\t was   arrested\t and   after   completion   of\t the<br \/>\ninvestigation, the  charge-sheet was laid. To prove its case<br \/>\nthe  prosecution   examined  12\t witnesses  alongwith  other<br \/>\ndocuments  mainly   the\t dying\tdeclarations.  The  accused,<br \/>\nhowever, pleaded  not guilty and put forward a plea of alibi<br \/>\nand  in\t  support  of  his  plea  he  examined\tsix  defence<br \/>\nwitnesses. His\tplea is\t that the  deceased was a frustrated<br \/>\nperson and  used to  desert him for no reason and that there<br \/>\nhad never  been any  dispute regarding\tthe dowry. Regarding<br \/>\nthe incident  of April\t25, 1978  it  is  pleaded  that\t the<br \/>\ndeceased returned  from her father&#8217;s house and after arrival<br \/>\nshe herself  poured Kerosene  oil on herself in an effort to<br \/>\ncommit suicide. It was further pleaded that at that time the<br \/>\naccused alongwith  his brother\twas working in his field and<br \/>\nthat during the investigation, the Additional Superintendent<br \/>\nof Police  visited the\tvillage and  made enquiries from the<br \/>\nvillagers regarding  the cause\tof the death of the deceased<br \/>\nand many  of the  villagers on\tspecial oath  in the  temple<br \/>\nstated that  the accused did not commit the crime. The D.Ws.<br \/>\nexamined by  the accused  deposed about\t the  alibi  of\t the<br \/>\naccused\t as   well  as\tabout  the  enquiries  made  by\t the<br \/>\nAdditional Superintendent  of Police. It is also the case of<br \/>\nthe accused that he himself took the deceased immediately to<br \/>\nthe  hospital.\t The  trial   court  accepting\t the   dying<br \/>\ndeclarations and other circumstantial evidence held that the<br \/>\nprosecution has\t proved the  motive as\twell as the guilt of<br \/>\nthe accused.  The trial court, however, rejected the defence<br \/>\nplea. The  High Court  having examined\tthe oral evidence as<br \/>\nwell as\t the contents  of the dying declarations reached the<br \/>\nconclusion that\t the conduct  of the  accused is  consistent<br \/>\nwith his  innocence and\t that the  motive part\tof it is not<br \/>\nestablished  and   the\tevidence   afforded  by\t  the  dying<br \/>\ndeclarations in\t the case  is a\t weak type  of evidence\t and<br \/>\naccordingly gave the benefit of doubt to the accused.\n<\/p>\n<p>     In this  appeal the  learned counsel  for the appellant<br \/>\nsubmitted  that\t there\tare  no\t infirmities  in  the  dying<br \/>\ndeclarations Ex.p.7  and Ex.p.11 and that motive aspect also<br \/>\nis established\tand that the High Court without giving sound<br \/>\nand cogent reasons interfered with the findings of the trial<br \/>\ncourt.\n<\/p>\n<p>     To satisfy ourselves we have carefully gone through the<br \/>\nevidence and  also the\toriginal  records.  From  the  above<br \/>\nresume it can be seen that the dying declarations Ex.p.7 and<br \/>\nEx.p.11 recorded  by the  Assistant Sub\t Inspector  and\t the<br \/>\nMagistrate are\tof great importance in this case. It is held<br \/>\nin a  number of\t cases that if there are more than one dying<br \/>\ndeclaration,  the   court  has\t to  see  whether  they\t are<br \/>\nconsistent in  material particulars.  In the instant case we<br \/>\nhave to\t examine  the  contents\t of  the  dying\t declaration<br \/>\nparticularly in\t the background\t of the\t plea taken  by\t the<br \/>\naccused. In Ex.p.7 the deceased stated that her husband used<br \/>\nto give\t her threats and that he would burn her to death and<br \/>\nthat she returned from her father&#8217;s house and was sitting in<br \/>\nthe kotha  when her  husband asked her to go out. Thereafter<br \/>\nher husband  poured keorsene  on her  and went\tout into the<br \/>\naangan (court-yard).  He brought a match stick and set fire.<br \/>\nHer in-laws  were  sitting  near  the  out  gate  and  doing<br \/>\nstitching work.\t In ex.p.11  she stated that she was sitting<br \/>\nin the\taangan and not in the kotha and that her husband set<br \/>\nfire to\t her clothes  and on  making  hue  and\tcry,  people<br \/>\ngathered and  her husband and her in-laws carried her to the<br \/>\nhospital.\n<\/p>\n<p>     While examining  the question  whether it was a suicide<br \/>\nor homicide,  the High\tCourt  considered  the\tevidence  of<br \/>\nmedical expert\twho  examined  the  deceased  in  the  first<br \/>\ninstance in  great  detail  and\t noticed  that\tas  per\t the<br \/>\nstatement   of the  medical expert, the hairs on the head of<br \/>\nthe deceased were neither signed nor burnt and therefore the<br \/>\nstatement of  the  deceased  that  while  she  was  sitting,<br \/>\nkerosene oil  was poured  on her,  does\t not  appear  to  be<br \/>\ncorrect. Further, the High Court also noticed that in Ex.p.7<br \/>\nshe stated that she was sitting in the kotha and her in-laws<br \/>\nwere sitting  in the  aangan whereas  in Ex.p.11  she stated<br \/>\nthat  she   was\t sitting   in  the   aangan.  Nothing\tthis<br \/>\ndiscrepancy, the High Court noted that if she was sitting in<br \/>\nthe aangan  then her  in-laws who  were also  sitting in the<br \/>\naangan would have noticed as to what was happening and would<br \/>\nnot have  kept quiet.  The High\t Court also  noted that\t the<br \/>\noral dying  declaration said to have been made by her before<br \/>\nthe Doctor  was wholly\tof general type without any details.<br \/>\nThe  High  Court  also\tstrongly  relied  on  one  important<br \/>\ncircumstance namely  that the  accused as  well as  all\t the<br \/>\nmembers of the family immediately arranged a jeep and rushed<br \/>\nthe deceased  the hospital.  The High Court further examined<br \/>\nthe aspect  of motive and the mental make-up of the deceased<br \/>\nand the\t frustrated condition  in which she was, which would<br \/>\nhave impelled  her to commit suicide. The High Court in this<br \/>\ncontext\t was   not  prepared   to  simply  brush  aside\t the<br \/>\nvoluminous defence  evidence. Taking all these circumstances<br \/>\ninto consideration alongwith the plea set up by the accused,<br \/>\nthe High  Court gave  the benefit of doubt and in support of<br \/>\nthe same  has given a number of reasons which cannot be held<br \/>\nto be wholly irrelevant.\n<\/p>\n<p>     It is  true, as  contended by the learned counsel, that<br \/>\nthe manner of appreciation of the evidence in respect of the<br \/>\ndying declaration  is not  altogether sound.  But  the\tHigh<br \/>\nCourt has  rightly held\t that the  immediate conduct  of the<br \/>\naccused and  his parents  in rushing  the  deceased  to\t the<br \/>\nhospital immediately by arranging a jeep is quite consistent<br \/>\nwith their being innocent. However, we find that the overall<br \/>\nreasoning of  the High\tCourt in giving the benefit of doubt<br \/>\nto the\taccused cannot be said to be wholly unsound and does<br \/>\nnot stand  judicial scrutiny. This is an  wholly unsound and<br \/>\ndoes not  stand judicial scrutiny. This is an appeal against<br \/>\nacquittal and that too in respect of an offence said to have<br \/>\nbeen committed\tin the\tyear 1978.  Since this\tis  a  bride<br \/>\nburning case and having regard to the nature of the evidence<br \/>\nthat can  be available\tin such\t cases, we have gone through<br \/>\nthe entire  records including the original records. However,<br \/>\nhaving given  a careful consideration to the whole matter we<br \/>\nare  not   wholly  satisfied  that  this  is  a\t case  where<br \/>\ninterference should  necessarily be called for.\t Accordingly<br \/>\nthe appeal is dismissed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of India State Of Rajasthan vs Prithvi Raj on 12 July, 1995 Equivalent citations: 1995 SCC, Supl. (3) 410 1995 SCALE (4)358 Author: K J Reddy Bench: Reddy, K. Jayachandra (J) PETITIONER: STATE OF RAJASTHAN Vs. RESPONDENT: PRITHVI RAJ DATE OF JUDGMENT12\/07\/1995 BENCH: REDDY, K. JAYACHANDRA (J) BENCH: REDDY, K. JAYACHANDRA (J) PUNCHHI, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-82836","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-supreme-court-of-india"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>State Of Rajasthan vs Prithvi Raj on 12 July, 1995 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/state-of-rajasthan-vs-prithvi-raj-on-12-july-1995\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"State Of Rajasthan vs Prithvi Raj on 12 July, 1995 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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