{"id":92402,"date":"2008-07-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-07-16T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/shri-ranjit-singh-vs-central-bureau-of-investigation-on-17-july-2008"},"modified":"2017-04-17T11:55:56","modified_gmt":"2017-04-17T06:25:56","slug":"shri-ranjit-singh-vs-central-bureau-of-investigation-on-17-july-2008","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/shri-ranjit-singh-vs-central-bureau-of-investigation-on-17-july-2008","title":{"rendered":"Shri Ranjit Singh vs Central Bureau Of Investigation &#8230; on 17 July, 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Central Information Commission<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Shri Ranjit Singh vs Central Bureau Of Investigation &#8230; on 17 July, 2008<\/div>\n<pre>                         CENTRAL INFORMATION COMMISSION\n                           Appeal No.CIC\/WB\/A\/2007\/00408 dated 23.3.2007\n                             Right to Information Act 2005 - Section 19\n\n\nAppellant        -          Shri Ranjit Singh\nRespondent           -      Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)\n\n\nFacts<\/pre>\n<p>:\n<\/p>\n<p>     By his application of 16.10.2006 Shri Ranjit Singh of Ballabhgarh Haryana<br \/>\napplied to Shri R.R. Sahay, SP &amp; CPIO, SCR-II, CBI seeking the following<br \/>\ninformation with regard to investigation in case No. RC14(S) 99-SIV\/SIC-II-CBI<br \/>\nu\/s 302\/201:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>         &#8220;i)    Progress Report of the four I.Os. that what investigation they<br \/>\n                have carried out after the reference of the matter to CBI and<br \/>\n                what directions you have given to them.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>         ii)    To supply the copy of statements of public or any other<br \/>\n                witness, if any, recorded by IOs.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>         iii)   To supply the copy of statement of the accused person if any<br \/>\n                recorded.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>         iv)    Or any other progress, if any done during the course of<br \/>\n                investigation.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     To this he received a response dated 14.11.06 from Shri R. R. Sahay, SP<br \/>\nCBI SCR-II refusing the information as exempt u\/s 8(1)(h) of the RTI Act 2005.<br \/>\nShri Ranjit Singh then moved his first appeal before DIG CBI SCR-II on 24.11.06<br \/>\nupon which he received an order of 10.1.07 from Shri Alok Ranjan, DIG, CBI<br \/>\nholding as follows:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>         &#8220;The CPIO has rightly claimed exemption u\/s 8(1) (h) of RTI Act<br \/>\n         2005 as disclosure of this information is likely to impede the<br \/>\n         process of investigation. The appeal is, therefore, dismissed.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Appellant&#8217;s prayer before us is as below:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>         a) &#8220;Accept the appeal of the appellant.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                1<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>       b) the impugned order dated 14.11.2006 passed by the<br \/>\n         Respondent No. 1 and the impugned order dated 10.1.2007<br \/>\n         passed by the Respondent No.2 may kindly be set aside.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>      c) directing the respondent No 1 to supply the information as<br \/>\n         sought for in the application dated 16.10.2006 to the<br \/>\n         appellant forthwith.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>      d) Any other order\/relief which the Hon&#8217;ble Commission may<br \/>\n         deemed fit and proper in the facts and circumstances of the<br \/>\n         case.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     In his response to the appeal notice, Shri Alok Ranjan DIG, CBI has, after a<br \/>\ndetailed discussion on the merits of the Criminal case regarding which<br \/>\ninformation has been sought, concluded with the following prayer:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>      &#8220;Since this matter is sub judice in the Court of law and the<br \/>\n      investigation of this case is still going on, the appellant has got<br \/>\n      every opportunity to approach the Ld. Trial court and place his<br \/>\n      request there. The case is still under investigation, hence the<br \/>\n      exemptions sought by CPIO u\/s 8(1) (h) of RTI Act, 2005 is<br \/>\n      justified.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The appeal was heard on 20.6.&#8217;08. The following appeared:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>      Appellant<br \/>\n            Shri Ranjit Singh<br \/>\n            Shri Bhagat Singh<\/p>\n<p>      Respondents<br \/>\n           Shri Subhash Kundu, Inspector CBI<\/p>\n<p>     Shri Subhash Kundu, representing respondents, submitted that both CPIO<br \/>\nand Appellate Authority were unable to attend and requested a date after 7.7.08.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>While appellant Shri Ranjit Singh submitted that he had no objection to a short<br \/>\nadjournment, he wished to bring to our notice the grave injustice that has been<br \/>\ndone to him by the Department.      This hearing was, therefore, adjourned to<br \/>\n17.7.2008 at 10.30 a.m. However, the attention of respondents was invited to<br \/>\nthe ruling of Hon&#8217;ble Ravinder Bhat, J. in W.P. 3114\/2007 &#8211; Shri Bhagat Singh<br \/>\nVs. C.I.C &amp; Ors of High Court of Delhi, as per which convincing and substantive<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                       2<\/span><br \/>\n reasons will have to be submitted if exemption from disclosure is sought u\/s 8(1)\n<\/p>\n<p>(h) of the RTI Act, 2005.\n<\/p>\n<p>Accordingly, the following appeared before us on 17.7.08:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>       Appellant<br \/>\n             Shri Ranjit Singh<br \/>\n             Shri Bhagat Singh<\/p>\n<p>       Respondents<br \/>\n            Shri R. R. Sahay SP, CBI, SCR-II<br \/>\n            Shri Subhash Kundu, Inspector<br \/>\n            Shri Madhavendra Saraswat<\/p>\n<p>      Appellant submitted that it has taken nine years for the investigation to be<br \/>\ncompleted having been registered on 22.1.99. He, therefore, suspects malafide<br \/>\nintent on behalf of the investigating agency in having delayed the result. This was<br \/>\nbecause in his view, there was heavy police involvement at the level of SP in the<br \/>\nmurder of his brother and the police fraternity was therefore anxious to protect<br \/>\ncolleagues. He further submitted that he had been in touch with respondents<br \/>\nwho had conveyed to him the necessity of interviewing one Shri Bharat Pal in<br \/>\nconnection with the investigation. This individual then in prison had in fact been<br \/>\nmet with.     Appellant, therefore, needed to satisfy himself that the delay in<br \/>\ninvestigation was justified and that there was in fact no attempt to cover up<br \/>\nsuspicion as that which prompted the Hon&#8217;ble High Court to order re-\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>investigation.\n<\/p>\n<p>     CPIO Shri R.R. Sahay, SP, CBI submitted that the investigation had not continued<br \/>\nfor nine years, but the ongoing investigation had commenced only on the orders of High<br \/>\nCourt on 11.12.03. This is now nearing closure with the investigation blocked for<br \/>\nreasons shown to us in the file during the hearing but not disclosed. The information<br \/>\nsought by appellant i.e. progress reports, is held in the form of case diaries, disclosure of<br \/>\nwhich would constitute a serious impediment to the completion of investigation. He<br \/>\nmoreover invited our attention to sec. 172 CrPC on the question of disclosure of<br \/>\ninformation held in case diaries. Section 172 of the Code of Criminal Procedure<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                             3<\/span><br \/>\n relates to case diary of proceedings in investigation. The same is reproduced as<br \/>\nunder:\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>           (1)       Every police officer making an investigation under this<br \/>\n                     Chapter shall day by day enter his proceeding in the<br \/>\n                     investigation in a diary, setting forth the time at which the<br \/>\n                     information reached him, the time at which he began and<br \/>\n                     closed his investigation, the place or places visited by him,<br \/>\n                     and a statement of the circumstances ascertained through<br \/>\n                     his investigation.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>            (2)      Any Criminal Court may send for the police diaries of a case<br \/>\n                     under inquiry or trial in such court, and may use such diaries,<br \/>\n                     not as evidence in the case, but to aid it in such inquiry or<br \/>\n                     trial.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>           (3)       Neither the accused nor his agents shall be entitled to<br \/>\n                     call for such diaries, nor shall he or they be entitled to<br \/>\n                     see them merely because they are referred to by the<br \/>\n                     court1; but, if they, are used by the police officer who made<br \/>\n                     them to refresh his memory, or if the court uses them for the<br \/>\n                     purpose of contradicting such police officer, the provisions of<br \/>\n                     section 161 or section 145, as the case may be, of the Indian<br \/>\n                     Evidence Act, 1872 (1 of 1872), shall apply.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>                                   DECISION NOTICE<\/p>\n<p>         Having heard the arguments and examined the documents, we find that the<br \/>\nquestion of disclosure hinges on the issue of law i.e. the application of sec. 172<br \/>\nCr.P.C. to this case.           As is clear from the quote from Cr.P.C. above, the<br \/>\ninformation sought by appellant, if given in the form that is requested, would<br \/>\namount to violation of sec. 172 Cr.P.C, under which this document is privileged<br \/>\neven with regard to the accused. On the other hand we have before us the<br \/>\ndecision of disclosure u\/s 8(1) (h) of Hon&#8217;ble Ravinder Bhat J. in W.P. No.<br \/>\n3114\/2007 &#8211; Shri Bhagat Singh Vs. C.I.C &amp; Ors of High Court of Delhi. In this<br \/>\ncase Hon&#8217;ble Ravinder Bhat, J. has held as follows with specific regard to Sec.<br \/>\n8(1) (h):\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>           11.   &#8220;The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the<br \/>\n           United Nations in 1948, assured by Article 19, everyone the right<br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">1<\/span><br \/>\n    Highlight ours<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                4<\/span><br \/>\n &#8220;to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any<br \/>\nmedia, regardless of frontiers&#8221;. <a href=\"\/doc\/539407\/\">In Secretary Ministry of Information<br \/>\nand Broadcasting, Govt. of India and others vs. Cricket Association<br \/>\nof Bengal and others<\/a> (1995 (2) SCC 161) the Supreme Court<br \/>\nremarket about this right in the following terms:\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>      &#8220;The right to freedom of speech and expression includes the<br \/>\n      right to receive and impart information. For ensuring the free<br \/>\n      speech right of the citizens of this country, it is necessary<br \/>\n      that the citizens have the benefit of plurality of views and a<br \/>\n      range of opinions on all public issues. A successful<br \/>\n      democracy posits an &#8220;aware&#8221; citizenry. Diversity of opinions,<br \/>\n      views, ideas and ideologies is essential to enable the citizen<br \/>\n      to arrive at informed judgment on all issues touching them.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>This right to information, was explicitly held to be our fundamental<br \/>\nright under Article 19 (1) (a) of the Constitution of India for the first<br \/>\ntime by Justice K. K. Mathew in the State of UP vs. Raj Narain,<br \/>\n(1975) (4) SCC 428. This view was followed by the Supreme Court<br \/>\non a number of decisions and after public demand; the Right to<br \/>\nInformation Act, 2005 was enacted and brought into force.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>12.    The Act is an effectuation of the Right to freedom of speech<br \/>\nand expression. In an increasingly knowledge based society,<br \/>\ninformation and access to information holds the key to resources,<br \/>\nbenefits and distribution of powers. Information, more than any<br \/>\nother element, is of critical importance participatory democracy. By<br \/>\none fell stroke, under the Act, the make of procedures and official<br \/>\nbarriers that had previously impeded information, has been swept<br \/>\naside. The citizen and information seekers have, subject to a few<br \/>\nexceptions, an overriding right to be given information on matters in<br \/>\nthe possession of the state and public agencies that are covered by<br \/>\nthe Act.     As is reflected in its preambular paragraphs, the<br \/>\nenactment seeks to promote transparency, arrest corruption and to<br \/>\nhold the government&#8217;s and its instrumentalities accountable to the<br \/>\ngoverned. This spirit of the Act must be borne in mind while<br \/>\nconstruing the provisions contained therein.\n<\/p>\n<p>13.     Access to information under Section 3 of the Act, is the rule<br \/>\nand exemptions under Section 8, the exception. Section 8 being a<br \/>\nrestriction on this fundamental right, must therefore is to be strictly<br \/>\nconstrued. It should not be interpreted in manner as to shadow the<br \/>\nvery right self. Under Section 8, exemption from releasing<br \/>\ninformation is granted if it would impede the process of<br \/>\ninvestigation process cannot be a ground for refusal of the<br \/>\ninformation, the authority withholding information must show<br \/>\nsatisfactory reasons as to why the release of such information<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                   5<\/span><br \/>\n       would hamper the investigation process. Such reasons should be<br \/>\n      germane, and the opinion of the process being hampered should<br \/>\n      be reasonable and based on some material.             Sans this<br \/>\n      consideration, section 8(1) (h) and other such provisions would<br \/>\n      become the haven for dodging demands for information.\n<\/p>\n<p>      14.    A rights based enactment is akin to a welfare measure, like<br \/>\n      the Act, should receive a liberal interpretation. The Contextual<br \/>\n      background and history of the Act is such that the exemptions,<br \/>\n      outlined in Section 8, relieving the authorities from the obligation to<br \/>\n      provide information, constitute restrictions on the exercise of the<br \/>\n      rights provided by it. Therefore, such exemption provisions have to<br \/>\n      be construed in their terms, there is some authority supporting this<br \/>\n      view <a href=\"\/doc\/641119\/\">(See Nathi Devi vs. Radha Devi Gupta<\/a> 2005 (2) <a href=\"\/doc\/499867\/\">SCC201, B.<br \/>\n      R. Kapoor vs. State of Tamil Nadu<\/a> 2001 (7) SCC 231 and <a href=\"\/doc\/485394\/\">V.<br \/>\n      Tulasamma vs. Sesha Reddy<\/a> 1977 (3) SCC 99). Adopting a<br \/>\n      different approach would result in narrowing the rights and<br \/>\n      approving a judicially mandated class of restrictions on the rights<br \/>\n      under the Act, which is unwarranted.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>     In this case the Court took serious notice of the two year delay in releasing<br \/>\nof information and the lack of adequate reasoning of the orders of PIO and<br \/>\nappellate authority.    S Ravinder Bhat J specifically notes, &#8220;As held in the<br \/>\npreceding part of the judgment, without a disclosure as to how the investigation<br \/>\nprocess would be hampered by sharing the materials collected till the notices<br \/>\nwere issued to the assessee, the respondents could not have rejected the<br \/>\nrequest for granting information. The CIC, even after overruling the objection,<br \/>\nshould not have imposed the condition that information could be disclosed only<br \/>\nafter recovery was made.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>     In light of the above, and in view of the commitment made before us by<br \/>\nCPIO Shri R.R. Sahay, we direct that the investigating agency make every effort<br \/>\nto complete the investigation, which has already taken excessively long, within<br \/>\nthe next two months, if not earlier.        Immediately upon conclusion of the<br \/>\ninvestigation and with the filing of the charge sheet, the information sought and<br \/>\nnot exempt u\/s 8 sub-section(1) will be provided to appellant Shri Ranjit Singh. If<br \/>\nit is found so exempt reasons for refusal will require to be so spelt out as to<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                        6<\/span><br \/>\n satisfy the need for exemption to a normal law abiding individual. This process<br \/>\nwill be completed at any rate by 30.9.2008.\n<\/p>\n<p>The appeal is thus partly allowed. Announced in the hearing.\n<\/p>\n<p>Notice of this decision be given free of cost to the parties.\n<\/p>\n<p>(Wajahat Habibullah)<br \/>\nChief Information Commissioner<br \/>\n17.7.2008<\/p>\n<p>Authenticated true copy. Additional copies of orders shall be supplied against<br \/>\napplication and payment of the charges, prescribed under the Act, to the CPIO<br \/>\nof this Commission.\n<\/p>\n<p>(Pankaj Shreyaskar)<br \/>\nJoint Registrar<br \/>\n17.7.2008<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          7<\/span>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Central Information Commission Shri Ranjit Singh vs Central Bureau Of Investigation &#8230; on 17 July, 2008 CENTRAL INFORMATION COMMISSION Appeal No.CIC\/WB\/A\/2007\/00408 dated 23.3.2007 Right to Information Act 2005 &#8211; Section 19 Appellant &#8211; Shri Ranjit Singh Respondent &#8211; Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Facts : By his application of 16.10.2006 Shri Ranjit Singh of Ballabhgarh [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-92402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-central-information-commission","category-judgements"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Shri Ranjit Singh vs Central Bureau Of Investigation ... on 17 July, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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