{"id":94246,"date":"2008-12-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-12-02T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pravin-son-of-moharao-unhale-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-3-december-2008"},"modified":"2017-06-02T15:56:51","modified_gmt":"2017-06-02T10:26:51","slug":"pravin-son-of-moharao-unhale-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-3-december-2008","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pravin-son-of-moharao-unhale-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-3-december-2008","title":{"rendered":"Pravin Son Of Moharao Unhale vs State Of Maharashtra on 3 December, 2008"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"docsource_main\">Bombay High Court<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_title\">Pravin Son Of Moharao Unhale vs State Of Maharashtra on 3 December, 2008<\/div>\n<div class=\"doc_bench\">Bench: B.H. Marlapalle, A. H. Joshi<\/div>\n<pre>                                 1\n\n\n\n\n                                                                   \n                                           \n             IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY\n                       NAGPUR BENCH : NAGPUR\n\n\n\n\n                                          \n                   Writ Petition No.3060 of 2008\n\n     Pravin son of Moharao Unhale,\n     aged about 29 years,\n     occupation - Lawyer,\n\n\n\n\n                               \n     resident of Lahan Wadgaon,\n     Arni Road, behind Shivam\n     Electricals,   \n     Yavatmal-445 001.                      ....          Petitioner.\n\n                               Versus\n                   \n     1.   State of Maharashtra,\n          through its Secretary,\n          Department of Law &amp; Judiciary,\n          Mantralaya,\n      \n\n\n          Mumbai-32.\n   \n\n\n\n     2.   The Chairman,\n          Maharashtra Public Service\n          Commission, Bank of India\n          Building, third floor,\n\n\n\n\n\n          M.G. Road, Hutatma Chowk,\n          Fort, Mumbai-1.        .....                    Respondents.\n\n\n                              *****\n     Mr. N.M. Agnihotri, Adv., for the petitioner.\n\n\n\n\n\n     Mrs. B.H. Dangre, Addl. Govt. Pleader for respondents.\n\n                                *****\n\n\n\n\n                                           ::: Downloaded on - 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::\n                                     2\n                                   CORAM       :      B.H.MARLAPALLE AND\n                                                      A.H.JOSHI, JJ.\n<\/pre>\n<pre>                           Reserved on          :     20th November,2008.\n\n\n\n\n                                                    \n                          Pronounced on         :     3rd December,2008.\n\n\n\n\n                                                   \n<\/pre>\n<p>     J U D G M E N T [Per B.H. Marlapalle, J]:\n<\/p>\n<p>     1.       Rule. Rule is made returnable forthwith, and<\/p>\n<p>     is heard by consent.\n<\/p>\n<p>     2.       The     Petitioner         has        passed           his        LL.B.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Examination held in April-May, 2004 from the Amravati<\/p>\n<p>     University,    the   result   whereof         was      declared         on    3rd<\/p>\n<p>     July, 2004.    The petitioner passed the said Final Year<\/p>\n<p>     LL.B. Examination with 57.3 per cent marks.\n<\/p>\n<p>     3.       On 4th July, 2007, the respondent No.2 &#8211; the<\/p>\n<p>     Maharashtra    Public    Service      Commission              [&#8220;MPSC&#8221;         for<\/p>\n<p>     short]   had     published      a         proclamation                inviting<\/p>\n<p>     applications   for    the   posts    of    Civil          Judges       [Junior<\/p>\n<p>     Division] &amp; Judicial Magistrates First Class [&#8220;Junior<\/p>\n<p>     Civil Judge&#8221;, for short], and the applications were to<\/p>\n<p>     be received by 3rd August, 2007. Another proclamation<\/p>\n<p>     was published by the MPSC on 3rd August, 2007, for the<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                    ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                      3<\/span><br \/>\n     additional posts of 175, thus, increasing the total<\/p>\n<p>     posts   to   325    and   the   last   date     to     receive         the<\/p>\n<p>     applications was extended from 3rd August, 2007 to 10th<\/p>\n<p>     August, 2007. The eligible candidates to apply for the<\/p>\n<p>     said posts were divided in six different categories,<\/p>\n<p>     namely A, B, C, D, E and F, and we are concerned with<\/p>\n<p>     the eligibility qualifications laid down in A and<\/p>\n<p>     categories, which read as follows:-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>              &#8220;A]    ig For Advocate, Attorney or Pleader :\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>                        Qualification :\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>                    Candidate should have practised as<br \/>\n              an Advocate, Attorney or Pleader in the<br \/>\n              High Court or Courts subordinate thereto<br \/>\n              for not less than three years on 3rd<br \/>\n              August, 2007.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>              Note: In the case of Public Prosecutors,<\/p>\n<p>                    their service in that capacity will<br \/>\n                    be taken as practice at the Bar.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<pre>              \"B]       For fresh Law Graduates :\n\n\n\n\n\n                        Qualification :\n\n                    The candidates who have obtained\n<\/pre>\n<blockquote><p>              the degree of law with not less than 55<br \/>\n              per cent marks at the final year of LL.B.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>              Examination in the first attempt within<br \/>\n              three years on 03rd August, 2007 and who<br \/>\n              is   qualified  for   enrollment  as   an<br \/>\n              Advocate.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     4.       Petitioner states that after the result of his<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                             ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                        4<\/span><br \/>\n     LL.B. Final Year Examination was declared on 3rd July,<\/p>\n<p>     2004, he received the provisional degree Certificate<\/p>\n<p>     dated 12th July, 2004, and applied to the Bar Council<\/p>\n<p>     of Maharashtra and Goa for enrollment as an Advocate on<\/p>\n<p>     5th August, 2004, and he came to be enrolled as an<\/p>\n<p>     Advocate on 23rd August, 2004.\n<\/p>\n<p>     5.       In response to the Proclamation dated 3rd July,<\/p>\n<p>     2007, the petitioner          applied to the post of Junior<\/p>\n<p>     Civil Judge by filling up the prescribed form on 31st<\/p>\n<p>     July,   2007,    and    the   said    application         was     from      the<\/p>\n<p>     Category &#8220;B&#8221;, namely the &#8220;Fresh Law Graduates.&#8221;                               He<\/p>\n<p>     appeared for the Written Examination on 22nd September,<\/p>\n<p>     2007, and as he was declared successful in the said<\/p>\n<p>     examination, he was called for an oral interview which<\/p>\n<p>     was held on 29th March, 2008 at Nagpur.                       He attended<\/p>\n<p>     the said interview without any objection by the MPSC.\n<\/p>\n<p>     6.       On     6th    May,   2008,    the    MPSC       published          the<\/p>\n<p>     Recommendation List of 155 candidates and the name of<\/p>\n<p>     the petitioner was shown amongst the candidates whose<\/p>\n<p>     results were withheld for administrative reasons.\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                  ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                  5<\/span><\/p>\n<p>     7.          On    16th   June,     2008,         a    Show-cause-Notice              was<\/p>\n<p>     issued to the petitioner with a charge of furnishing<\/p>\n<p>     incorrect        information      regarding            his     eligibility.            He<\/p>\n<p>     was, therefore, called upon to submit his explanation;\n<\/p>\n<p>     failing     which        action        as       per   Clause         5.4      of     the<\/p>\n<p>     prospectus would be initiated.\n<\/p>\n<p>     8.          On 3rd July, 2008, the petitioner submitted his<\/p>\n<p>            he   had<\/p>\n<p>     detailed reply to the Show-cause-Notice and pointed out<\/p>\n<p>     that                applied       in    the       category       of     &#8220;Fresh       Law<\/p>\n<p>     Graduates&#8221;,       and    as   per       Clause        35     contained         in    the<\/p>\n<p>     Application Form submitted by him, he had furnished the<\/p>\n<p>     following information:-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>                 &#8220;35.1 For Advocate, Attorney or Pleader :\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>                 35.1.1 Registration No. : 3434\/04<\/p>\n<p>                 35.1.2 Date of Registration : 23-8-04<\/p>\n<p>                 35.2 : For fresh Law Graduates :\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>                 35.2.1 : Date of Degree : 12-7-04.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>                 35.2.2 : Percentage of marks at the<\/p>\n<p>                          Final Year Examination : 57.3%&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     9.          Despite the reply submitted to the Show-cause-\n<\/p>\n<p>     Notice, the petitioner&#8217;s result was not declared by the<\/p>\n<p>     MPSC and, therefore, he has filed the instant petition<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                           ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                             6<\/span><br \/>\n     under Article 226 of the Constitution and prayed for<\/p>\n<p>     the following reliefs:-\n<\/p>\n<p>                &#8220;a]     Issue a Writ of Mandamus or an<\/p>\n<p>                        order in the like nature to read<br \/>\n                        down the eligibility criteria as a<br \/>\n                        candidate who had secured 55 per<br \/>\n                        cent in Final LL.B. Examination in<\/p>\n<p>                        Session 2006-07 instead of 10th<br \/>\n                        August, 2008, and<\/p>\n<p>                [b]     direction to the respondents to<br \/>\n                        declare the petitioner&#8217;s result for<\/p>\n<p>                        the competitive examination 2007<br \/>\n                        for the post of Junior Civil Judge,<\/p>\n<p>                [c]<\/p>\n<p>                        and<\/p>\n<p>                        quash and set aside the Show-cause-\n<\/p>\n<p>                        Notice dated 16th June, 2008.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>     10.        It is the case of the petitioner that on 10th<\/p>\n<p>     August, 2007, he             had not completed his practice of<\/p>\n<p>     three   years     as     an    Advocate      and,     therefore,           he    had<\/p>\n<p>     applied under Category &#8216;B&#8217; for &#8220;fresh Law Graduates&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>     for   selection        to     the    post   of    Junior        Civil       Judge.\n<\/p>\n<p>     However,     by        the     impugned      Show-cause-Notice,                  the<\/p>\n<p>     Commission       has     held       that    the    petitioner           was      not<\/p>\n<p>     eligible to apply either in Category &#8216;A&#8217; for &#8220;Advocate,<\/p>\n<p>     Attorney or Pleader&#8221; or in Category &#8216;B&#8217; for &#8220;Fresh Law<\/p>\n<p>     Graduates&#8221; and despite the same, he had submitted his<\/p>\n<p>     application for selection to the post of Junior Civil<\/p>\n<p>     Judge, for which he was not eligible to apply and,<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                       ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                      7<\/span><br \/>\n     therefore, he was required to submit an explanation as<\/p>\n<p>     to why he should not be declared ineligible for the<\/p>\n<p>     said post.\n<\/p>\n<p>     11.      As pr the petitioner, he is eligible under<\/p>\n<p>     Category &#8216;B&#8217; &#8211; &#8220;Fresh Law Graduates&#8221;, and at no point<\/p>\n<p>     of time, he claimed to have applied in Category &#8216;A&#8217; for<\/p>\n<p>     &#8220;Advocate, Attorney or Pleader.&#8221;             He further states<\/p>\n<p>     that with reference to the last date to receive the<\/p>\n<p>     applications, as per the Corrigendum published on 4th<\/p>\n<p>     August, 2007, the last date to receive the applications<\/p>\n<p>     was extended to 10th August, 2007 and with reference to<\/p>\n<p>     the   said   date,   he   had   not   completed       three       years&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>     practice as an Advocate and, therefore, he was eligible<\/p>\n<p>     in Category &#8216;B&#8217; for &#8220;fresh Law Graduates.&#8221;                       In the<\/p>\n<p>     alternative, it was submitted by the learned counsel<\/p>\n<p>     for the petitioner that the eligibility criteria with<\/p>\n<p>     reference to 10th August, 2007 and as set out in the<\/p>\n<p>     Proclamation\/Corrigendum published by the MPSC must be<\/p>\n<p>     read down to hold that the applicant, who had passed<\/p>\n<p>     his Final Year LL.B. Examination in the Academic Year<\/p>\n<p>     2003-04, be treated as eligible, rather than examining<\/p>\n<p>     whether he had passed his law examination within three<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                             ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                         8<\/span><br \/>\n     years with reference to 3rd August, 2007 or 10th August,<\/p>\n<p>     2007, and if so read, he has to be treated as a Fresh<\/p>\n<p>     Law Graduate and eligible to apply for the post of<\/p>\n<p>     Junior Civil Judge. On these grounds, the petitioner<\/p>\n<p>     prays for a direction to the MPSC to withdraw the Show-\n<\/p>\n<p>     cause-Notice     and    declare        his     result.        The      learned<\/p>\n<p>     Counsel for the petitioner has relied upon the law laid<\/p>\n<p>     down by the Supreme Court in the case of Sanjay Dhar<\/p>\n<p>     8 SCC 182].\n<\/p>\n<p>     Vs. J &amp; K Public Service Commission &amp; another                          [(2000)<\/p>\n<p>     12.      The respondent &#8211; MPSC has filed an Affidavit-\n<\/p>\n<p>     in-Reply by its Desk Officer, and it has stated that<\/p>\n<p>     the Corrigendum was published on 25th July, 2007 and<\/p>\n<p>     the last date to receive the applications for the post<\/p>\n<p>     of Junior Civil Judge was extended to 10th August, 2007<\/p>\n<p>     and the number of posts was increased from 150 to 325<\/p>\n<p>     and, therefore, the candidates were required to possess<\/p>\n<p>     the   educational       qualification          and     experience            with<\/p>\n<p>     reference   to   10th    August,       2007.         In    short,        it     is<\/p>\n<p>     contended that as on 10th August, 2007, the petitioner<\/p>\n<p>     ought to have completed three years or more of his<\/p>\n<p>     practice as an      Advocate, or in the alternative, to<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                    ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                 9<\/span><br \/>\n     treat him as a Fresh Law Graduate, his result of final<\/p>\n<p>     year   LL.B.       Examination         ought        to     have       been      declared<\/p>\n<p>     within three years with reference to 10th August, 2007,<\/p>\n<p>     so as to hold him eligible                     either in Category &#8216;A&#8217; or<\/p>\n<p>     in Category &#8216;B&#8217;.            As per the MPSC, the petitioner does<\/p>\n<p>     not    fit    into       either       of   these         two      categories           and,<\/p>\n<p>     therefore, he was not an eligible candidate for the<\/p>\n<p>     post of Junior Civil Judge as on 10th August, 2007 and<\/p>\n<p>     question      of<\/p>\n<p>     consequently, he has to be declared as such and the<\/p>\n<p>                              declaration           of    his         result         of      the<\/p>\n<p>     Competitive Examination, 2007, does not arise.\n<\/p>\n<p>     13.          The     moot        question,          that         falls         for      our<\/p>\n<p>     consideration is, therefore, whether the petitioner was<\/p>\n<p>     eligible      to     apply       in    Category            &#8216;B&#8217;      &#8211;     &#8220;Fresh        Law<\/p>\n<p>     Graduates     as     on 10th August,                2007&#8221;       for     the post          of<\/p>\n<p>     Junior Civil Judge?\n<\/p>\n<p>     14.          Before we proceed further, let it be noted<\/p>\n<p>     that    the    petitioner          has     scored           140       marks      in     the<\/p>\n<p>     selection      as    against       118     marks          scored        by    the      last<\/p>\n<p>     candidate as shown in the                      Recommendation List of 150<\/p>\n<p>     candidates         who    have    been     selected            for      the     post      of<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                              ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                    10<\/span><br \/>\n     Junior Civil Judge and, therefore, if the petitioner<\/p>\n<p>     succeeds before us, he would stand at Serial No. 91A in<\/p>\n<p>     the said list, as per the result provided to us by the<\/p>\n<p>     learned Additional Govt. Pleader in a sealed cover.\n<\/p>\n<p>     15.       The impugned selection for the post of Junior<\/p>\n<p>     Civil Judge has proceeded as per the Bombay Judicial<\/p>\n<p>     Service Recruitment Rules, 1956, and as amended by the<\/p>\n<p>     2003.   The<\/p>\n<p>     Bombay Judicial Service Recruitment [Amendment] Rules,<\/p>\n<p>                   Bombay   Judicial    Service   Recruitment            Rules<\/p>\n<p>     [for short the &#8220;Bombay Rules&#8221;] have now been replaced<\/p>\n<p>     by the Maharashtra Judicial Service Rules, 2008 [&#8220;The<\/p>\n<p>     Maharashtra Rules&#8221; for short], and the said Rules have<\/p>\n<p>     been published in the Notification dated 25th August,<\/p>\n<p>     2008 and gazetted on 27th August, 2008 and, therefore,<\/p>\n<p>     all the future selections for the said post shall be as<\/p>\n<p>     per the Maharashtra Rules.\n<\/p>\n<p>     16.       By the notification dated 10th December, 2001,<\/p>\n<p>     Clause (iii-A) to Rule 4 (4) came to be substituted,<\/p>\n<p>     and subsequently by the notification dated 25th July,<\/p>\n<p>     2003, Clause [f] was added to Rule 4 [4] (iii-A) of the<\/p>\n<p>     Bombay Rules, and the same reads as follows:-\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                             ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          11<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>               &#8220;(f) Notwithstanding anything contained<br \/>\n               in preceding provisions, for appointment<\/p>\n<p>               to the post of Civil Judge (Junior<br \/>\n               Division) and Judicial Magistrate First<br \/>\n               Class to be made by nomination, the fresh<\/p>\n<p>               Law graduates shall also be eligible :\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>                     Provided that the candidate is not<br \/>\n               less than twenty one years and not more<\/p>\n<p>               than thirty five years (forty years in the<br \/>\n               case of candidate belonging to communities<br \/>\n               recognized as Backward by the Government<br \/>\n               for the purposes of recruitment).\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>               Explanation.- The expression fresh Law<br \/>\n               graduate means a candidate who has secured<\/p>\n<p>               fifty five per cent marks at final year<br \/>\n               LL.B. Examination in the first attempt<br \/>\n               within three years of the last date<br \/>\n               prescribed for submission of application<\/p>\n<p>               and who is eligible to be enrolled as an<br \/>\n               Advocate whether enrolled as such or not.&#8221;<br \/>\n               [Emphasis supplied].&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     17.      Whether          the      petitioner           satisfied             the<\/p>\n<p>     definition of &#8220;Fresh Law Graduate&#8221; as set out in the<\/p>\n<p>     Explanation      below      Rule   [4]   (4)   (iii-A)         (f)     of     the<\/p>\n<p>     Bombay   Rules    is     the    question   which        requires         to     be<\/p>\n<p>     decided, and as per the petitioner, he so falls if the<\/p>\n<p>     term &#8220;within three years of the last date prescribed<\/p>\n<p>     for   submission       of      application&#8221;      is     read       down       and<\/p>\n<p>     replaced as &#8220;within three years with reference to the<\/p>\n<p>     year in which the proclamation was issued for inviting<\/p>\n<p>     applications.&#8221; The petitioner states that if he has<\/p>\n<p>     passed the examination held in the Academic Year 2003-\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                    ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                         12<\/span><\/p>\n<p>     04, he would be eligible for any selection that is<\/p>\n<p>     undertaken in the year 2007, as he would be a candidate<\/p>\n<p>     who has passed the Final Year LL.B. Examination within<\/p>\n<p>     three    years    with   reference      to    the    year       2007.          He<\/p>\n<p>     further claims that even if the date of reference for<\/p>\n<p>     deciding the period of three years is treated as 10th<\/p>\n<p>     August, 2007, he was enrolled with effect from 23rd<\/p>\n<p>     August, 2004 by the Bar Council of Maharashtra &amp; Goa,<\/p>\n<p>     and in any case, as on 10th August, 2007, he had not<\/p>\n<p>     completed his practice as an Advocate for three years<\/p>\n<p>     and, therefore, he ought to be held as a &#8220;Fresh Law<\/p>\n<p>     Graduate.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>     18.        The Maharashtra Rules, so far as Category &#8216;B&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>     &#8211;     &#8220;Fresh   Law    Graduates&#8221;     is      concerned,         provide          a<\/p>\n<p>     different provision regarding the eligibility. Rule 5<\/p>\n<p>     (3) (b) reads as under:-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>                &#8220;(b)      Experience .- Must have practised<br \/>\n                          as an Advocate in the High Court or<br \/>\n                          Courts subordinate thereto for not<\/p>\n<p>                          less than three   years on the date<br \/>\n                          of publication of advertisement; or<\/p>\n<p>                          Must be a fresh Law Graduate who,-\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>                          (i) has secured the degree in law<br \/>\n                          by passing all the examinations<br \/>\n                          leading to the degree in the first<br \/>\n                          attempt;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                   ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                           13<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>                           (ii) has secured in the final year<br \/>\n                           examination of the degree in Law or<\/p>\n<p>                           in the case of candidates holding<br \/>\n                           Master&#8217;s Degree in Law in final<br \/>\n                           year exam, not less than fifty five<\/p>\n<p>                           percent marks; &#8230;..&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>                In the above stated Rule of the Maharashtra<\/p>\n<p>     Rules, the explanation or definition of the term &#8220;Fresh<\/p>\n<p>     Law Graduate&#8221; has not been specified as to mean the one<\/p>\n<p>     who has passed his law degree within three years on the<\/p>\n<p>     last<\/p>\n<p>     and,<br \/>\n             date<\/p>\n<p>             therefore,<\/p>\n<p>                     prescribed<\/p>\n<p>                             the<br \/>\n                                    for     submission<\/p>\n<p>                                   controversy,        as<br \/>\n                                                             of<\/p>\n<p>                                                             raised<br \/>\n                                                                   applications<\/p>\n<p>                                                                          in     this<\/p>\n<p>     petition based on the Bombay Rules, is, hopefully, not<\/p>\n<p>     likely to arise in future in the selections for the<\/p>\n<p>     post of Junior Civil Judge.\n<\/p>\n<p>     19.        In     the     instant         case,        admittedly,           the<\/p>\n<p>     petitioner has passed his LL.B. Final Year Examination<\/p>\n<p>     in the first attempt and he has scored 57.3 per cent<\/p>\n<p>     marks     in    the    said    examination.         The      results        were<\/p>\n<p>     declared on 3rd July, 2004 and the last date to receive<\/p>\n<p>     the     applications     was    10th      August,      2007.      The       term<\/p>\n<p>     &#8220;within three years of the last date prescribed for<\/p>\n<p>     submission       of     applications&#8221;        is     required           to      be<\/p>\n<p>     interpreted appropriately in the light of the object<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                   ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                            14<\/span><br \/>\n     leading    to    introduction         of   amended          rule.       Effect        of<\/p>\n<p>     improper    reading         of    said        rule      which        results          in<\/p>\n<p>     defeating the purpose and object underlying amendment<\/p>\n<p>     of rule is also required to be visualised.\n<\/p>\n<p>     20.        It was quite possible that the petitioner&#8217;s<\/p>\n<p>     result could have eventually been declared either on<\/p>\n<p>     4th August, 2004, or on or after 10th August, 2004, he<\/p>\n<p>     could be called as &#8220;a Fresh Law Graduate.&#8221; Therefore,<\/p>\n<p>     according to the petitioner, the period of three years<\/p>\n<p>     should be counted with reference to the date of his<\/p>\n<p>     enrollment, namely 23rd August, 2004, and if so counted<\/p>\n<p>     with reference to 10th August, 2007, he is a Fresh Law<\/p>\n<p>     Graduate,       as    he    did   not      complete          three       years        of<\/p>\n<p>     practice    as       an    Advocate      as    on      10th      August,        2007.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Whereas the Commission has relied upon the Instructions<\/p>\n<p>     below Clause 3.2 of the proclamations dated 4th July,<\/p>\n<p>     2007 as well as 3rd August, 2007, and the Clause 1) of<\/p>\n<p>     the said Instructions reads as under:-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>                 &#8220;1)   The   academic   qualifications   &amp;<br \/>\n                 experience acquired upto the last date<br \/>\n                 prescribed for receipt of applications<br \/>\n                 will only be taken into account in<br \/>\n                 determining the eligibility of candidates<br \/>\n                 for the posts and for further selection.<br \/>\n                 Academic qualifications shall be deemed<br \/>\n                 to have been acquired on the date on<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                          ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          15<\/span><br \/>\n                  which   the  result   to   the  relevant<br \/>\n                  examination has been declared by the<\/p>\n<p>                  Competent Authority.&#8221; [Emphasis supplied<br \/>\n                  by us].\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     21.      From the above Instruction, it appears that<\/p>\n<p>     the academic qualifications have to be considered with<\/p>\n<p>     reference to the date of publication of the result of<\/p>\n<p>     the Final Year LL.B. Examination for the purpose of<\/p>\n<p>     deciding whether the petitioner had passed his Final<\/p>\n<p>     Year LL.B. Examination within three years of the last<\/p>\n<p>     date prescribed for submission of applications.                        Based<\/p>\n<p>     on these instructions, it is the case of the MPSC that<\/p>\n<p>     the petitioner&#8217;s result having been published on 4th<\/p>\n<p>     July,   2004     and    the     last      date    to      receive          the<\/p>\n<p>     applications    being       10th August,    2007,      or    3rd August,<\/p>\n<p>     2007,   he   cannot    be    held    to   have   passed        his     LL.B.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Examination within three years of either 3rd August,<\/p>\n<p>     2007 or 10th August, 2007. On this sole ground, the<\/p>\n<p>     MPSC has held that the petitioner is ineligible as he<\/p>\n<p>     cannot be called as &#8220;a Fresh Law Graduate&#8221; as defined<\/p>\n<p>     in the Bombay Rules.\n<\/p>\n<p>     22.      It was also submitted before us by the learned<\/p>\n<p>     Counsel for the Petitioner that the Instructions quoted<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                 ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                    16<\/span><br \/>\n     above must be given a purposive interpretation, rather<\/p>\n<p>     than     going        by     the     literal             meaning          of     the     said<\/p>\n<p>     Instructions.               The     learned             Counsel       submitted          that<\/p>\n<p>     Clause &#8216;A&#8217; for &#8220;Advocates, Attorneys and Pleaders&#8221; and<\/p>\n<p>     Clause    &#8216;B&#8217;      for       &#8220;Fresh       Advocates&#8221;            must        be    read       in<\/p>\n<p>     exclusion       of     each        other,          in     as    much        as,    if       any<\/p>\n<p>     candidate, who appeared for the law examination held in<\/p>\n<p>     April-May,         2004,      and        if    his        result          was     declared<\/p>\n<p>     subsequently<\/p>\n<p>     treated    as      a<\/p>\n<p>                            either<\/p>\n<p>                                &#8220;Fresh<br \/>\n                                         in<\/p>\n<p>                                           Law<br \/>\n                                                June\/July,<\/p>\n<p>                                                    Graduate&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>                                                                       he<\/p>\n<p>                                                                          if<br \/>\n                                                                               ought<\/p>\n<p>                                                                                 he    has<br \/>\n                                                                                            to    be<\/p>\n<p>                                                                                                 not<\/p>\n<p>     completed a period of three years of practice as an<\/p>\n<p>     Advocate      on       the    last        date          fixed        to     receive         the<\/p>\n<p>     applications, and if any candidate so passing the LL.B.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     Examination has completed three years of practice as an<\/p>\n<p>     Advocate,        he        cannot     be       called          as      &#8220;a      fresh        Law<\/p>\n<p>     Graduate.&#8221;         It was further contended that taking into<\/p>\n<p>     consideration          the     date      on        which       the     result      of       the<\/p>\n<p>     relevant examination is declared,                              counting the period<\/p>\n<p>     of three years is too technical and it does not serve<\/p>\n<p>     the main purpose of providing an opportunity to the<\/p>\n<p>     fresh law graduate for competing for the post of Junior<\/p>\n<p>     Civil Judge and the purpose for which such a provision<\/p>\n<p>     has    been        introduced             in        the        Shetty           Commission<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                                ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          17<\/span><br \/>\n     Recommendations and approved by the Supreme Court by<\/p>\n<p>     its Judicial Order, is totally defeated.\n<\/p>\n<p>     23.        In   the   case    of     Sanjay     Dhar       [supra],          the<\/p>\n<p>     Supreme Court dealt with the interpretation of Rule 9<\/p>\n<p>     of the J &amp; K Civil Service (Judicial) Recruitment Rules<\/p>\n<p>     &#8220;for purposive construction.&#8221;               One of the eligibility<\/p>\n<p>     conditions as laid down by Rule 9 in Sanjay Dhar&#8217;s case<\/p>\n<p>     was that a candidate for recruitment to the service<\/p>\n<p>     must have put in at least two years&#8217; practice at Bar by<\/p>\n<p>     the date on which he submits his application for such<\/p>\n<p>     recruitment, and must produce a Certificate to that<\/p>\n<p>     effect from the District Judge within the local limits<\/p>\n<p>     of whose jurisdiction, he works at the Bar.                      Mr. Sanjay<\/p>\n<p>     Dhar obtained the Certificate from the Registrar of the<\/p>\n<p>     High Court of Delhi, as he was practising in the said<\/p>\n<p>     High Court from October, 1990 onwards, though he was<\/p>\n<p>     enrolled as an Advocate on 29th January, 1990.                             This<\/p>\n<p>     Certificate     was   held    to    be   invalid,       as    it     was     not<\/p>\n<p>     issued by the District Judge.               Subsequently, the said<\/p>\n<p>     Certificate     was   also     endorsed       by     the       District          &amp;<\/p>\n<p>     Sessions    Judge,    Delhi    on    17th    March,       1993.       Despite<\/p>\n<p>     this,   the     Public   Service         Commission        rejected          his<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                   ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                     18<\/span><br \/>\n     application. The Supreme Court held that certification<\/p>\n<p>     by the Registrar, High Court of Delhi, and further<\/p>\n<p>     endorsement by the District &amp; Sessions Judge, Delhi,<\/p>\n<p>     fulfilled the requirement of Rule 9 in its spirit, and<\/p>\n<p>     it could not be held that the certificate originally<\/p>\n<p>     issued by the Registrar, High Court of Delhi, could not<\/p>\n<p>     meet the requirements of Rule 9.\n<\/p>\n<p>     24.<br \/>\n             The main issue, which was considered by the<\/p>\n<p>     Supreme Court, was whether the certificate of practice<\/p>\n<p>     furnished by Mr. Sanjay Dhar satisfied the requirement<\/p>\n<p>     of Rule 9, and if so, whether Mr. Sanjay Dhar was<\/p>\n<p>     wrongfully      denied   the    appointment         in       1992-93<\/p>\n<p>     examination, and the said questions were answered in<\/p>\n<p>     the affirmative.     In Para 14 of the said decision, the<\/p>\n<p>     Supreme Court stated as under:-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>                  &#8220;14. Rule 9 of the J &amp; K Civil Service<br \/>\n                  [Judicial] Recruitment Rules, 1967 must<br \/>\n                  receive   a   purposive    interpretation.<br \/>\n                  Purposive      interpretation      enables<br \/>\n                  ascertaining the purpose of enactment,<\/p>\n<p>                  the object sought to be achieved and the<br \/>\n                  mischief sought to be taken care of or<br \/>\n                  prevented. The object of the Rule is to<br \/>\n                  exclude lawyers not in actual practice,<br \/>\n                  and hence inexperienced, from entering<br \/>\n                  judicial service. At the same time the<br \/>\n                  Rule cannot be so construed as to create<br \/>\n                  an anomalous situation by asking the<br \/>\n                  District Judge to certify the period of<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                    19<\/span><br \/>\n                 practice of a lawyer practising in High<br \/>\n                 Court and not in the District Courts,<\/p>\n<p>                 &#8220;based on his personal knowledge or<br \/>\n                 official records of the District Courts&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>                 &#8211; as J &amp; K PSC wanted the appellant to<\/p>\n<p>                 do.   A literal compliance, if insisted<br \/>\n                 on, may defeat the object to be achieved<br \/>\n                 by the Rule itself.    If an advocate is<br \/>\n                 practising exclusively in the High Court,<\/p>\n<p>                 the District Judge would not have any<br \/>\n                 material available in his records to<br \/>\n                 verify the factum and the period of<br \/>\n                 actual practice of any applicant.     The<br \/>\n                 Registrar of the High Court would be the<\/p>\n<p>                 best-suited person to issue a certificate<br \/>\n                 in   that    regard   and    since   Rule<\/p>\n<p>                 contemplates the requisite certificate<br \/>\n                 being issued by the District Judge, the<br \/>\n                 underlying object sought to be achieved<br \/>\n                 by the Rule would be fulfilled if the<\/p>\n<p>                 Certificate issued by the Registrar is<br \/>\n                 countersigned by the District Judge or<br \/>\n                 the District Judge issues a Certificate<br \/>\n                 of his own based on the certificate<br \/>\n                 issued by the Registrar. &#8230;..&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     25.        Relying upon the above stated decision in the<\/p>\n<p>     case of Sanjay Dhar [supra], it was submitted before us<\/p>\n<p>     that considering the date of result of the examination<\/p>\n<p>     as the starting point to count the period of three<\/p>\n<p>     years to decide the eligibility of fresh law graduates<\/p>\n<p>     in isolation would defeat the purpose of providing an<\/p>\n<p>     opportunity to such law graduates who otherwise do not<\/p>\n<p>     complete    the   minimum   three   years&#8217;     practice          as     an<\/p>\n<p>     Advocate on the last date prescribed for submission of<\/p>\n<p>     applications.     It was pointed out that even if all the<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                            ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                            20<\/span><br \/>\n     students appear for the same examination, it may happen<\/p>\n<p>     that the results may be declared on different dates,<\/p>\n<p>     if,    for     some    reason,      some   candidates&#8217;          results         are<\/p>\n<p>     withheld and declared subsequently. It can also happen<\/p>\n<p>     that     results        of     Summer      or     Winter         Session          of<\/p>\n<p>     examinations      of    different       Universities          may      vary     and<\/p>\n<p>     result in respect to any candidates also can-may be<\/p>\n<p>     delayed.       Exact date of declaration of result would be<\/p>\n<p>     a point which would take a back seat while construing<\/p>\n<p>     the eligibility clause of permitting candidates having<\/p>\n<p>     less than 3 years&#8217; tenure either of practice or no<\/p>\n<p>     practice, but having eligibility for enrollment.\n<\/p>\n<p>     26.          If the result was declared on 4th July, 2004,<\/p>\n<p>     as has happened in the case of the petitioner, it is<\/p>\n<p>     possible that another candidate, who appeared for the<\/p>\n<p>     examination       along      with    the   petitioner,           and     in     the<\/p>\n<p>     eventuality       of    his     result      being       declared         on     11th<\/p>\n<p>     August,      2004,     would    be   held       eligible,       whereas         the<\/p>\n<p>     petitioner would not be so held, despite the fact that<\/p>\n<p>     both had not completed three years of practice and,<\/p>\n<p>     thus, it will lead to inequality in law and, therefore,<\/p>\n<p>     denial    of    equal     opportunity       as    has     been      guaranteed<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                      ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          21<\/span><br \/>\n     under Article 14 of the Constitution.\n<\/p>\n<p>     27.         It was further submitted that in any case, the<\/p>\n<p>     petitioner has taken punctual steps to seek enrollment<\/p>\n<p>     by submitting his application to the Bar Council of<\/p>\n<p>     Maharashtra &amp; Goa on 5th August, 2004 after he obtained<\/p>\n<p>     the    Provisional      Degree     Certificate            issued         by     the<\/p>\n<p>     University     on   12th   July,     2004,       and      he     came      to     be<\/p>\n<p>     enrolled     withig  effect      from     23rd     August,<\/p>\n<p>     learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that the<br \/>\n                                                                        2004.        The<\/p>\n<p>     concept of &#8220;interpretation for purposive construction&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>     would be defeated in the instant case if the claim of<\/p>\n<p>     MPSC   is    accepted      that     the    petitioner             is     neither<\/p>\n<p>     eligible in Category &#8216;A&#8217; for Advocates, Attorneys or<\/p>\n<p>     Pleaders, nor in Category &#8216;B&#8217; for fresh Law Graduates.\n<\/p>\n<p>     He would, thus, be excluded from both the categories,<\/p>\n<p>     which is not the purpose of providing the definition of<\/p>\n<p>     &#8220;Fresh Law Graduates&#8221;, though he withstands all other<\/p>\n<p>     tests applicable to the fresh law graduates&#8217; category<\/p>\n<p>     prescribed     in   the    Bombay       Rules,      urged       the      learned<\/p>\n<p>     Counsel for the petitioner.\n<\/p>\n<p>     28.         On the other hand, as per the MPSC, in the<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                      ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                               22<\/span><br \/>\n     proclamation      issued       by    it,      there     was       no   ambiguity<\/p>\n<p>     leaving any scope for doubt or a different opinion<\/p>\n<p>     while     deciding       the        eligibility          for       &#8220;Fresh         Law<\/p>\n<p>     Graduates&#8221;.       It was pointed out that the Instructions<\/p>\n<p>     very clearly said that the period of three years                                will<\/p>\n<p>     start commencing from the date of publication of the<\/p>\n<p>     result and it will be counted with reference to the<\/p>\n<p>     last date prescribed for submission of applications.\n<\/p>\n<pre>     The     MPSC      \n                    claims    that        the      petitioner's\n\n<\/pre>\n<p>     declared on 3rd July, 2004, and as on 3rd August, 2007<br \/>\n                                                                         result        was<\/p>\n<p>     or on 10th August, 2007, he could not be held to have<\/p>\n<p>     passed the LL.B. Examination within three years and,<\/p>\n<p>     therefore,       ineligible         to     apply      as      a    &#8220;Fresh         Law<\/p>\n<p>     Graduate.&#8221;       At the same time, he was enrolled with the<\/p>\n<p>     Bar Council of Maharashtra &amp; Goa on 23rd August, 2004<\/p>\n<p>     and, thus, did not complete three years&#8217; practice as on<\/p>\n<p>     10th   August,    2007   and        was,      therefore,       ineligible           to<\/p>\n<p>     apply even in Category &#8216;A&#8217; for Advocates, Attorneys and<\/p>\n<p>     Pleaders.      On these grounds, the MPSC urges that                              its<\/p>\n<p>     decision to hold the petitioner ineligible to apply for<\/p>\n<p>     the post of Junior Civil Judge cannot be termed as<\/p>\n<p>     erroneous or perverse, and if that be so, it cannot<\/p>\n<p>     call for any interference in a Writ Petition under<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                        ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                            23<\/span><br \/>\n     Article 226 of the Constitution.\n<\/p>\n<p>     29.          In the case of All India Judges&#8217; Association<\/p>\n<p>     [(1993) 4 SCC 288], the Supreme Court had observed that<\/p>\n<p>     in order to enter the judicial service, an applicant<\/p>\n<p>     must be an Advocate of at least three years&#8217; standing.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Rule 4 (4) of the Bombay Rules came to be amended by<\/p>\n<p>     the Notification dated 10th December, 2001 in keeping<\/p>\n<p>     with this requirement of minimum three years&#8217; standing<\/p>\n<p>     of an Advocate seeking to enter the judicial service.\n<\/p>\n<p>     On    21st   March,    1996,       the   Govt.     of    India        passed        a<\/p>\n<p>     Resolution, pursuant to the directions issued by the<\/p>\n<p>     Supreme      Court,     to     constitute        the      first        National<\/p>\n<p>     Judicial Pay Commission under the chairmanship of Mr.<\/p>\n<p>     Justice K.J. Shetty, and the Commission submitted its<\/p>\n<p>     report on 11th November, 1999.                   The said report was<\/p>\n<p>     placed before the Supreme Court for approval, and the<\/p>\n<p>     Supreme      Court     in    the    case    of     All      India        Judges&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>     Association Vs. Union of India [ (2002) 4 SCC 247 ]<\/p>\n<p>     considered       the        said    report,       and        with        certain<\/p>\n<p>     modifications, accepted and approved it.                      In para 32, a<\/p>\n<p>     three-Judge Bench of the Apex Court stated as under:-\n<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>                   &#8220;32. &#8230;..With the passage of time,<br \/>\n                   experience has shown that the best talent<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                      ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                       24<\/span><br \/>\n                  which is available is not attracted to<br \/>\n                  the judicial service. A bright young law<\/p>\n<p>                  graduate after 3 years of practice finds<br \/>\n                  the   judicial   service    not    attractive<br \/>\n                  enough.   It has been recommended by the<\/p>\n<p>                  Shetty   Commission   after     taking   into<br \/>\n                  consideration the views expressed before<br \/>\n                  it by various authorities, that the need<br \/>\n                  for an applicant to have been an advocate<\/p>\n<p>                  for at least 3 years should be done away<br \/>\n                  with. After taking all the circumstances<br \/>\n                  into   consideration,    we    accept    this<br \/>\n                  recommendation of the Shetty Commission<br \/>\n                  and the argument of the learned amicus<\/p>\n<p>                  curiae that it should be no longer<br \/>\n                  mandatory for an applicant desirous of<\/p>\n<p>                  entering the judicial service to be an<br \/>\n                  advocate   of   at   least    three<br \/>\n                  standing. We, accordingly, in the light<br \/>\n                                                         years&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>                  of experience gained after the Judgment<\/p>\n<p>                  in All India Judges case direct to the<br \/>\n                  High Courts and to the State Governments<br \/>\n                  to amend their rules so as to enable a<br \/>\n                  fresh law graduate who may not even have<br \/>\n                  put in three years of practice, to be<\/p>\n<p>                  eligible to compete and enter judicial<br \/>\n                  service. We, however, recommend that a<\/p>\n<p>                  fresh recruit into the judicial service<br \/>\n                  should be imparted training of not less<br \/>\n                  than one year, preferably two years.&#8221;\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>     30.         It is clear that the Hon&#8217;ble Supreme Court was<\/p>\n<p>     not    in    favour    of   continuing      with        the       earlier<\/p>\n<p>     requirement of at least three years&#8217; standing for an<\/p>\n<p>     advocate to enter the judicial service, and it intended<\/p>\n<p>     to relax the said requirement.           Hon&#8217;ble Supreme Court<\/p>\n<p>     accepted the recommendations of the Shetty Commission<\/p>\n<p>     that   &#8220;it    should   be   no   longer     mandatory&#8221;            for      an<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                               ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                        25<\/span><br \/>\n     applicant desirous of entering the judicial service to<\/p>\n<p>     be an advocate of at least three years&#8217; standing and<\/p>\n<p>     it,   therefore,     directed     the   High    Courts        and     State<\/p>\n<p>     Governments to amend their Rules so as to enable a<\/p>\n<p>     fresh law graduate who may not even have put in three<\/p>\n<p>     years of practice to be eligible for competing and<\/p>\n<p>     entering the judicial service.            It is obvious that the<\/p>\n<p>     Apex Court did not state that a fresh law graduate<\/p>\n<p>     means a graduate who has not practised as an Advocate,<\/p>\n<p>     and all that it intended to convey was a fresh law<\/p>\n<p>     graduate means an Advocate who does not have three<\/p>\n<p>     years of practice, for being eligible to compete and<\/p>\n<p>     enter the judicial service.\n<\/p>\n<p>     31.       In keeping with this mandate, the Bombay Rules<\/p>\n<p>     came to be amended by the Notification dated 25th July,<\/p>\n<p>     2003 as noted herein above, and the Explanation below<\/p>\n<p>     Clause (f) of Rule 4 (4) (iii-A) of the said Rules<\/p>\n<p>     states that a fresh law graduate means a candidate who<\/p>\n<p>     has   secured   55   per   cent   marks    at    Final      Year      LL.B.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Examination in the first attempt within three years of<\/p>\n<p>     the last date prescribed for submission of applications<\/p>\n<p>     and who is eligible to be enrolled as an Advocate,<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          26<\/span><br \/>\n     whether enrolled as such or not.                    This definition as<\/p>\n<p>     well     as     Instructions        below        Clause       3.2       of      the<\/p>\n<p>     Proclamation\/Advertisement             dated        3rd      August,          2007<\/p>\n<p>     released by the MPSC must be understood and read in the<\/p>\n<p>     spirit    of    the     above    observations        made      by     the     Apex<\/p>\n<p>     Court, so as to provide an opportunity to talented<\/p>\n<p>     advocates to enter judicial service, even though they<\/p>\n<p>     do not fulfill the requirement of minimum three years&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>     standing.\n<\/p>\n<p>     32.           In our considered opinion, the Explanation and<\/p>\n<p>     the Instructions must be read down so as to be in<\/p>\n<p>     conformity       with    the    intention    to      enable        bright       law<\/p>\n<p>     graduates, who did not have the minimum of three years&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>     standing and those who are eligible to be enrolled as<\/p>\n<p>     advocates,       whether       enrolled     or    not,       to     enter       the<\/p>\n<p>     judicial       service,    and     such     talented         law     graduates<\/p>\n<p>     should    not    be     prevented    from    entering          the     judicial<\/p>\n<p>     service by adopting a hyper-technical approach                               while<\/p>\n<p>     considering the requirements of eligibility in terms of<\/p>\n<p>     &#8220;Category &#8216;B&#8217; for fresh law graduates&#8221;, as held by the<\/p>\n<p>     Supreme Court in the case of Sanjay Dhar [supra].\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                      ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                         27<\/span><\/p>\n<p>     33.        While        interpreting     the     provisions            of     the<\/p>\n<p>     Explanation below Rule 4 (4) (f) (iii-A) of the Bombay<\/p>\n<p>     Rules and the Instructions in the advertisement, we<\/p>\n<p>     must adopt the approach of &#8216;purposive interpretation&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>     which will enable the fresh law graduates who do not<\/p>\n<p>     have a minimum three years&#8217; standing and have secured<\/p>\n<p>     more than 55 per cent marks in the Final Year LL.B.\n<\/p>\n<p>     Examination,       to    enter   the   judicial       service.         If     the<\/p>\n<p>     petitioner has passed the final year LL.B. Examination<\/p>\n<p>     held at any time prior to April\/May, 2004, say, for<\/p>\n<p>     example,    the     examination        held    in    October\/November,<\/p>\n<p>     2003, we would not have taken a similar view.\n<\/p>\n<p>     34.        Writ Petition No. 4308 of 2007 filed by Ms.<\/p>\n<p>     Neena Bhatia came to be allowed by this Court on 21st<\/p>\n<p>     November, 2008, and we held that the said petitioner<\/p>\n<p>     had completed three years&#8217; practice as on 10th August,<\/p>\n<p>     2007 and, therefore, was eligible to apply for the post<\/p>\n<p>     of Junior Civil Judge from the category of Advocates<\/p>\n<p>     with three years&#8217; law practice, namely &#8220;Category &#8216;A&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>     for Advocates, Attorneys and Pleaders.&#8221;                    Ms. Bhatia had<\/p>\n<p>     also appeared for the Final Year LL.B. Examination held<\/p>\n<p>     in April-May, 2004, and the Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                    ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                           28<\/span><br \/>\n     Nagpur University had declared her result on 7th June,<\/p>\n<p>     2004.   She    completed       all     the       three        years        of     law<\/p>\n<p>     examination with an average of 60.89 per cent marks,<\/p>\n<p>     and she had applied for enrollment with the Bar Council<\/p>\n<p>     of Maharashtra and Goa and came to be enrolled as an<\/p>\n<p>     advocate with effect from 30th July, 2004. The MPSC had<\/p>\n<p>     withheld her result on the grounds similar to that of<\/p>\n<p>     the present petitioner.             The MPSC held that Ms. Bhatia<\/p>\n<p>     did not meet the requirements of minimum three years&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>     practice as an advocate with reference to 3rd August,<\/p>\n<p>     2007 or 10th August, 2007.            We repelled this ground and<\/p>\n<p>     directed the Secretary of the MPSC to incorporate the<\/p>\n<p>     said    petitioner&#8217;s         name     in     the       list       of     selected<\/p>\n<p>     candidates     for     the     post        of    Junior         Civil        Judge,<\/p>\n<p>     forthwith, and intimate to the Registrar General of<\/p>\n<p>     this Court her name as a selected candidate for the<\/p>\n<p>     said appointment.\n<\/p>\n<p>     35.       In     the   instant       case,        the      petitioner           also<\/p>\n<p>     appeared for the LL.B. Final Year Examination held in<\/p>\n<p>     April-May,     2004;    but     the        Sant        Gadgebaba         Amravati<\/p>\n<p>     University had declared his result on 3rd July, 2004,<\/p>\n<p>     i.e.,   almost    after      three     to       four    weeks       the      Nagpur<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                        ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          29<\/span><br \/>\n     University declared the Final Year LL.B. Examination<\/p>\n<p>     results and, therefore, despite the fact of obtaining<\/p>\n<p>     the provisional degree Certificate on 12th July, 2004,<\/p>\n<p>     the petitioner came to be enrolled with effect from<\/p>\n<p>     23rd August, 2004. Though the petitioner cannot be said<\/p>\n<p>     to    have    a   minimum   three    years    of     practice          as     an<\/p>\n<p>     Advocate, at the same time, he cannot be excluded from<\/p>\n<p>     the &#8220;Category of Fresh Law Graduates&#8221;, if regards be<\/p>\n<p>     had to the above observations made by the Apex Court in<\/p>\n<p>     All India Judges&#8217; Association case.                  We must adopt a<\/p>\n<p>     &#8216;purposive interpretation&#8217; of the definition of &#8220;Fresh<\/p>\n<p>     Law Graduates with less than three years&#8217; practice&#8221;, so<\/p>\n<p>     as to enable bright law graduates to enter the judicial<\/p>\n<p>     service.      As noted earlier, the petitioner has scored<\/p>\n<p>     140 out of 250 marks, and had his result been not<\/p>\n<p>     withheld, his name would have appeared at Serial No.<\/p>\n<p>     91A in the list of 155 selected candidates.\n<\/p>\n<p>     36.          Even otherwise, in the instant case, the MPSC<\/p>\n<p>     did not take any objection regarding eligibility of the<\/p>\n<p>     petitioner while scrutinizing his application, and he<\/p>\n<p>     was allowed to appear for the Written Test as well as<\/p>\n<p>     the oral interview without any objection.                      It is only<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                  ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          30<\/span><br \/>\n     when the final selection list was published, his name<\/p>\n<p>     appeared in the candidates whose results were withheld,<\/p>\n<p>     and      subsequently        the    impugned        Show-cause-Notice<\/p>\n<p>     followed.       As such we do not find any fault on the part<\/p>\n<p>     of the petitioner.\n<\/p>\n<p>     37.           In the premises, we allow this petition and<\/p>\n<p>     hold that the petitioner was eligible to apply for the<\/p>\n<p>     post     of<br \/>\n                     Junior    Civil     Judge    in     response<\/p>\n<p>     Proclamation\/Advertisement published on 4th July, 2007<br \/>\n                                                                           to     the<\/p>\n<p>     by the MPSC, in the category of &#8220;Fresh Law Graduates&#8221;,<\/p>\n<p>     namely Category &#8216;B&#8217;, in keeping with the requirements<\/p>\n<p>     of Rule 4 (4) (f) (iii-A) of the Bombay Rules. We,<\/p>\n<p>     therefore, direct the MPSC to declare the petitioner&#8217;s<\/p>\n<p>     result    for    the     Competitive     Examination-2007            for     the<\/p>\n<p>     post of Junior Civil Judge, and we hereby quash and set<\/p>\n<p>     aside     the    Show-cause-Notice          dated    16th      June,       2008<\/p>\n<p>     issued    to    the    petitioner    by     the   MPSC.        We     further<\/p>\n<p>     direct the Secretary\/Deputy Secretary of the MPSC to<\/p>\n<p>     incorporate the name of the petitioner in the List of<\/p>\n<p>     Selected Candidates for the post of Junior Civil Judge,<\/p>\n<p>     forthwith, and intimate to the Registrar General of<\/p>\n<p>     this Court the name of the petitioner as a selected<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"hidden_text\">                                                   ::: Downloaded on &#8211; 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                 31<\/span><br \/>\n     candidate for the said appointment, as expeditiously as<\/p>\n<p>     possible, and preferably before 20th December, 2008.\n<\/p>\n<p>               Rule is made absolute in the above terms, but<\/p>\n<p>     without any order as to costs.      Writ to go to the MPSC<\/p>\n<p>     forthwith.\n<\/p>\n<pre>               JUDGE    ig                                 JUDGE\n                      \n                             -0-0-0-0-\n\n     |hedau|\n      \n   \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<span class=\"hidden_text\">                                          ::: Downloaded on - 09\/06\/2013 14:06:59 :::<\/span>\n <\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bombay High Court Pravin Son Of Moharao Unhale vs State Of Maharashtra on 3 December, 2008 Bench: B.H. Marlapalle, A. H. Joshi 1 IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY NAGPUR BENCH : NAGPUR Writ Petition No.3060 of 2008 Pravin son of Moharao Unhale, aged about 29 years, occupation &#8211; Lawyer, resident of Lahan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bombay-high-court","category-high-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pravin Son Of Moharao Unhale vs State Of Maharashtra on 3 December, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; High Court | Legal India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalindia.com\/judgments\/pravin-son-of-moharao-unhale-vs-state-of-maharashtra-on-3-december-2008\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pravin Son Of Moharao Unhale vs State Of Maharashtra on 3 December, 2008 - Free Judgements of Supreme Court &amp; 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