Bombay High Court High Court

Dudhasingh Bala Chavan vs Shri Murlidhar Gyanba Kudale on 2 March, 2009

Bombay High Court
Dudhasingh Bala Chavan vs Shri Murlidhar Gyanba Kudale on 2 March, 2009
Bench: A.M. Khanwilkar
Lsp
                       IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
                                CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION




                                                                                                                    
                                      WRIT PETITION NO. 2682 of 1991




                                                                                     
       Dudhasingh Bala Chavan
       Age-Adult, Occ.-Service,
       R/o.427 A/1, Somwar Peth,
       Pune-11.                                                                                        ...Petitioner
                                                                                            (original Defendant)




                                                                                    
                               v/s.

       1. Shri Murlidhar Gyanba Kudale
             (since deceased through his
               legal heirs).




                                                                  
       1A. Smt. Kamal @ Prema Murlidhar
             Kudale.
             Occ. Housewife, R/o.427 B,     
             Somwar Peth, Pune-11.

       1B. Mr. Milind M.Kudale.
              Age: 35, Occupation Landlord,
                                           
              Address-do-.

       1C. Mr. Mukund M. Kudale,
              Age: 32, Occ. Landlord,
              R/o. 427 B, Somwar Peth,
         

              Pune-11.                                                                                  ...Respondents
                                                                                            (original plaintiffs)
      



       Mr. P.S.Dani, Advocate for the Petitioner.
       None for the Respondents.

                                                  CORAM : A.M.KHANWILKAR,J.
     




                                                  DATED : MARCH 02, 2009


       JUDGMENT

. This Writ Petition under Article 227 of the

Constitution of India takes exception to the Judgment

and decree passed by the VI Additional District Judge,

Pune dated 8th February, 1991 in Civil Appeal No.

1048/1988 confirming the Judgment and decree passed by

the 7th Additional Judge, Small Causes Court, Pune dated

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17th September, 1986 in Rent Act Suit No. 1756/1985

whereby the Respondent-landlord’s suit for possession of

the suit premises and for recovery of rent of Rs. 170/-

for the period from 1-12-1982 to 30-9-1985 is allowed.

Although the suit for possession was filed by the

Respondent-landlord on different grounds, however, the

decree confirmed by the two Courts below is on the

ground of arrears of rent within the meaning of Section

12(3)(a) of the Bombay Rents, Hotel and Lodging House

Rates Control Act, 1947 (hereinafter referred to as “the

Act”) only.

2. The brief facts for considering the controversy in

the present petition are that: the suit property is

situated in CTS No. 427/A/1 at Somwar Peth, Pune-11 on

the Ground Floor consisting of one room of two khans

admeasuring 10 feet X 10 feet. The plaintiff-respondent

Murlidhar Kudale is the owner of the suit premises. The

Petitioner-tenant was in possession of the said premises

on monthly rent of Rs. 5/- plus education cess and

other municipal taxes etc. The tenancy starts on first

day of each month and ends at the end of same month as

per British calender. It is the case of the landlord

that the tenant was in arrears from 1-12-1982 for which

reason the landlord issued Demand Notice on 23-8-1985

calling upon the tenant to pay arrears of rent for the

period from 1-12-1982 to 30-9-1985, total amount of Rs.

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170/- at the rate of Rs. 5/- per month. Since the

tenant failed to offer the said amount as demanded in

the suit notice or to file standard rent application

disputing the amount mentioned in the suit notice within

one month from service of the said notice, the landlord

instituted suit for possession against the tenant on

different grounds including arrears of rent. The

plaintiff as well as defendants produced oral evidence

as well as documentary evidence. The plaintiff produced

the office copy of the notice dated 23-8-1985 which was

sent

Plaintiff
by

also

the plaintiff

produced
to

postal
the defendant

acknowledgment
(Exhibit 26).

evidencing

service of the said notice (Exhibit 27); counter foils

of the rent receipts issued by the plaintiff to

defendant-tenant and other tenants (Exhibit 23).

Defendant produced ration card (Exhibit 45) and coupons

of money order sent by him from time to time (Exhibit 30

to Exhibit 40). Defendant also produced copy of the

letter dated 8-7-1984 (exhibit 42) which was sent by one

Mahadu Babu Kadam; rent receipt for the month of August

1963 (Exhibit 43) and Receipt No. 33 dated 11-7-1982

for Rs. 10/- (Exhibit 44).

3. According to plaintiff, he received rent in respect

of suit house only upto 30-11-1982 and whenever rent was

offered, receipts were duly issued to the tenant. As

aforesaid, on service of Demand Notice on the tenant as

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the outstanding rent was not offered within one month,

landlord instituted suit for possession. The defence of

the tenant was that since landlord did not issue

receipts inspite of payment made towards rent paid by

him, he started sending the rent of the suit premises by

money order from time to time. The first of such money

order was sent on 13-12-1983 (Exhibit 30) for a sum of

Rs. 10/- and the last is dated 31-12-1985 (Exhibit 31)

for Rs. 120/-. The tenant has produced money order

coupons (Exhibit 30 to 40) to buttress his stand that he

was always

ready

rent. The said coupons produced by the tenant were as
and willing to pay the amount towards

follows:

—————————————————-

Date Rent period Exhibit No. Amount
mentioned in
the MO.

—————————————————-

13-12-83 December 1983 30 10/-

    22-12-83                         __                                                            32                                       10/-





    17-1-84 December 1983                                                                          40                                       20/-
                   to January 1984

    21-1-84                          __                                                            33                                       20/-





    16-2-84 December 1983
                   to February 1984                                                                39                                       30/-

    23-2-84                            __                                                          35                                       30/-

    23-4-84 December 1983
                   to April 1984                                                                   36                                       50/-

    18-7-84                            __                                                          34                                       80/-




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—————————————————-
Date Rent period Exhibit No. Amount

mentioned in
the MO.

—————————————————-





                                                                                                      
    17-7-84 December 1983
                           to July 1984                                                          37                                   70/-

    27-12-84 December 1983
                   to December 1985                                                              38                                 120/-




                                                                                                     
    31-12-84                        --                                                           31                                 120/-

—————————————————–

4. Relying on the above said money orders, the tenant

asserts that he was always ready and willing to pay the

rent

cause
in

of

respect

action had
of suit

arisen
premises

so as
for

to
which

invoke
reason

ground
no

of

arrears of rent. Besides, tenant has asserted that he

had not received copy of the Demand Notice Exhibit 26,

whereas he received blank envelope (Exhibit 40) (which

did not mention the name of the sender) and that the

said envelope instead contained a letter dated 8-7-1984

sent by one Mahadu Babu Kadam (Exhibit 42) for which

reason also the suit cannot proceed against the tenant.

5. The trial Court as well as the Appellate Court

addressed the plea taken by both sides with regard to

ground of arrears of rent and after elaborately

analysing the relevant documentary and oral evidence

have concurrently found that the plaintiff-landlord has

established the fact that no rent was offered by the

tenant in respect of the suit premises for the period

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from “1-12-1982” and that the suit notice was duly

served on the tenant inspite of which the tenant failed

and neglected to pay the amount as demanded in the suit

notice within one month nor raised any dispute regarding

standard rent. As a consequence of that finding decree

under Section 12(3)(a) of the Act was inevitable.

6. In so far as the defence of the tenant is

concerned, both the Courts below have rejected the same

as not substantiated. The Courts below have

concurrently

demand notice
found

on
ig the
that

tenant
presumption

sent by
of

the
service

landlord
of

has
the

not

been rebutted by the tenant. The Courts below have

found as of fact that envelope containing demand notice

was duly received by the tenant, was indisputable. The

Courts below have found that the tenant has raised

frivolous contention that the envelope did not contain

the Demand Notice but some other letter without

substantiating the said fact. The Courts below have

discarded the said stand of the tenant regarding the

non-service of demand notice and have held that even if

the envelope did not mention the name and address of the

sender, even then the acknowledgment which has been duly

signed by the tenant by way of acceptance of the

envelope would indicate the name of the sender, for

which it can be inferred that the tenant had knowledge

about the name of the sender. Inspite of that the

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7

tenant did not bother to make any enquiry with the

landlord nor made any complaint to the landlord about

the purported letter dated 8-7-1984 received in the said

envelope. The Courts below have also noted that the

tenant made no enquiries with the said Mahadu Babu

Kadam, whose address was available in the stated letter

to clarify the doubt, if any. The Courts below have

also found that the landlord had good cause for refusing

to accept the amount sent by money orders. Besides, it

has been found that money orders pertained to different

periods

from
but

“1-12-1982
ig did

till
not

December
cover the

1983”

entire

at
arrears

the agreed
of rent

rent

of Rs.5/- per month towards monthly rent excluding

permitted increases.

7. Taking over all view of the matter both the Courts

below have concluded that in the fact situation of the

present case, decree for possession on the ground of

arrears of rent within the meaning of Section 12(3)(a)

of the Act was inevitable. In so far as finding of fact

recorded by the two Courts below on the factual matrix

is concerned, the same is unexceptionable. The said

finding of fact cannot be said to be manifestly wrong or

perverse. It is not open for this Court in exercise of

writ jurisdiction to take a different view even if it

was possible to hold that another view on the basis of

same evidence could be taken. That is not the scope to

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exercise writ jurisdiction.

8. To get over this position, the argument of the

Petitioner, is that, the landlord having refused to

accept the money orders sent from time to time was

precluded from invoking the ground of default and

arrears of rent against the tenant who was continually

remitting the amount towards rent by money orders from

time to time. It was argued that refusal to accept

money orders sent by the tenant from time to time will

have

landlord
to be

and

treated as

considering
due

the
acceptance

aggregate
of that

amount
rent by the

remitted

by the tenant on different dates, the same is almost Rs.

560/- which far exceeds the amount demanded by the

landlord towards outstanding rent in the suit notice

which is only Rs. 170/-. If it is so, there was no

cause of action to proceed against the tenant on the

ground of arrears of rent under Section 12(3)(a) of the

Act. It was also argued that even if the Court may find

that the amount towards monthly rent was payable by the

tenant even then no decree for possession can be passed

in the fact situation of the present case as the

landlord has refused to accept the money orders sent by

the tenant. For, the fact of remitting amount by money

order from time to time evidences factum of readiness

and willingness of the tenant and, therefore, in such a

case, the question of proceeding under Section 12(3)(a)

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9

of the Act would not arise.

9. To buttress the above argument, Counsel for the

Petitioner has relied on the latest decision of the

Division Bench reported in 2008 (I) Bombay Cases

Reporter 687 in the case of Sitaram Maruti Nagpure &

anr. Vs. Fakirchand Purushottam Dhase & ors. which is

the opinion recorded by the Division Bench on the

reference in the present petition which was heard

alongwith Writ Petition No. 935/1994. Significantly,

the

withdrawn.

said

Be

Writ

that
Petition

as it
No.


                                                                                              may,
                                                                                                           935/1994

                                                                                                               in         the
                                                                                                                                      has

                                                                                                                                           said
                                                                                                                                                  lateron

                                                                                                                                                         Writ
                                                                                                                                                                            been

                                                                                                                                                                         Petition
                                              
    No.                       935/1994,                   this          Court              had            referred              the             matter         to              a

    larger        Bench                  in          view                of           the              conflict                of           decisions               in        the

    case                of                Suka                   Ishram                            Chaudhari                    V/s.                           Ranchhoddas
      


    Manakchand                            Shet             Gujarathi                     74            B.L.R.                          220            (also              reported
   



    in           AIR          1972             Bombay                 273)            and           80          Bombay                Law          Reporter                  646

    in          the               case               of                 the         Abdul                 Gani                  Dinalli                Momin                 v/s.

    Mohamed              Yusuf                 Mohamed                        Isak              which               are               decisions               of           Single





    Judge         of              this           Court.                              The            Division                   Bench              while              answering

    the               reference                          has            upheld                the          opinion                  recorded             in                 Suka

    Ishram                   Chaudhari's                              case,              which            the             later                    decision                    in





    Abdul              Gani's                  case                   (supra)had                       held               is               impliedly                 overruled

    in           view                     of         the           Supreme                 Court           decision.                              The                    Division

    Bench               of                    our          High           Court               in         the        case              of         Sitaram                   Maruti

    Nagpure                    (supra)                            applying                 the           observations                      of         the                   Apex

    Court        in          the          case             of           Priya            Ghosh                &         ors.                    Vs.                  Bajranglal




                                                                                                               ::: Downloaded on - 09/06/2013 14:22:46 :::
                                                                             10




    Singhania                 1993                   Supp.(1)            S.C.C.                           24       has           held              that                the

    view              taken               by                 Bhole,              J        in         Suka          Ishram                  Chaudhari                   Vs.




                                                                                                                                                 
    Ranchhoddas                      Manakchand                                  Shet                Gujarathi                 was          the                     correct




                                                                                                          
    view                whereas            the             view             taken              by              Jahagirdar,             J      in                    Adbdul

    Gani              Dinalli              Momin                       v/s.                   Mohamed               Yusuf                  Mohamed                    Isak

    reported                  in      LXXXIV                      BLR                646             is          overruled.                       The           reference




                                                                                                         
    was               made            in                   terms            of           order            passed          in               Sitaram                  Maruti

    Nagpure's                 case                  reported                  in                    2001                 (III)              Bombay                    Case

Reporter 396 which came to be answered on the above

terms.

10.

Besides relying on the above said decisions,

reliance is also placed on the unreported decision of

our Court in Writ Petition No. 3227/1987 decided on

June 8, 2000 in the case of Madhukar Govind Vaidya v/s.

Narayan H. Surve as well as reported decision in the

case of Kamlabai B. Kabade v/s. Laxmibai Janardan

Jagtap-AIR 2000 Bombay 490.

11. Having considered the argument canvassed by the

Counsel for the Petitioner I would straightway advert to

the exposition of the Division Bench of our High Court

in the case of Sitaram Maruti Nagpure (supra) It will be

appropriate to reproduce Paragraph 14 to 17 of this

decision:

“14. After having heard the learned Counsel for
both sides in the above and after perusal of all
the aforesaid judgments, it is very clear that

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11

section 12 makes it abundantly clear that if tenant
pays or ready or willing to pay standard rent or
permitted increases, then no ejectment will be

made. To put it in other words, the landlord will
be entitled to recover possession of the premises
only if the tenant fails to pay the standard rent

and permitted increases. In fact the said section
12 clearly contemplates in a negative manner that
no suit for recovery of possession shall be
instituted by the landlord unless the landlord
satisfies that he tenant was not ready and willing

to tender and had not paid the standard rent and
permitted increases for over a period of six months
and in the event, the tenant was not ready and
willing to tender standard rent and permitted
increases, and that he has been in arrears of over
a period of six months, then the landlord has to

issue notice terminating the tenancy and demand the
standard rent and permitted increases within a
month after service of the notice. Even section

12(3)(a) makes it clear that where the rent is
payable by the month and there is no dispute
regarding the amount of standard rent or permitted
increases, if such rent or increases are in arrears

for a period of six months or more and the tenant
neglects to make payment thereof until the
expiration of period of one month after the notice
as referred in sub-section (2), the Court may pass
a decree for eviction in any such suit for recovery

of possession. By way of explanation, in the said
section, it is provided that in any case where
there is dispute as to the amount of standard rent

or permitted increases recoverable under this Act
the tenant shall be deemed to be ready and willing
to pay such amount if, before the expiry of the
period of one month after notice referred to in
sub-section (2), he makes an application to the

Court under sub section (3) of Section 11 and
thereafter pays or tenders the amount of rent or
permitted increases specified in the order made by
the Court. To put it in other words, the
explanation is with regard tot he procedure,when
there is a dispute with regard to the standard

rent. Where there is no dispute with regard to the
standard rent, the tenant has to show that he was
always ready and willing to tender rent and he must
not be in arrears for more than six months and in
the event, the tenant was in arrears for more than
six months, the landlord has the right to serve
notice of termination and demand rent and permitted
increases, and if the tenant does not pay the same
within one month, in such a case, the landlord will
be entitled for a decree of eviction.

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12

15. In view of the clear explanation of section
12, if the tenant raises a dispute with regard to
the standard rent and permitted increases, he has

to approach the Court within a period of one month
from the notice of termination and make deposit
within a period of one month in the Court. On the

contrary, if there is no dispute, the tenant must
show his readiness and willingness to pay rent and
permitted increases and must keep regularly
tendering the same, even by money order and no
landlord can take advantage, neither by refusing to

accept the same nor say that the tenant had not
paid the rent or tendered the rent. This fact has
been rightly pointed out by the Hon’ble Supreme
Court in the case of Priya Ghosh & ors. vs.
Bajranglal Singhania and
anr. and it is held that
the landlord will be easily able to trap the tenant

by refusing to accept and turn round and to file a
suit against the tenant. That is why, the Hon’ble
Supreme Court ig has clearly observed that the law has
to be construed in a fair manner and it is not
intended to trap the tenant into a situation so
that he landlord can evict the tenant.

                                        
                       16.                    Under      the             aforesaid              facts         and       circumstances                   of
                the         case,               we    are            clearly      of             the         view       that    the                  view
                taken         by               Bhole,     J           is      correct             and         the      view     taken                   by
                Jahagirdar,                   J           is           overruled               and          the      same       does                   not
                lay                           down                           the                               correct                                law.
      


                        17.          In       the                      light    of the above, both                                   the       above
                petitions          may           be                          placed     before        the                                 appropriate
   



                bench       for     being      heard                      on      merits,      since   we                              have     only
                answered        the      question                      of       law       which      was                             referred      to
                us."





12. Indeed, the above decision expounds that if there

is no dispute regarding the standard rent, the tenant

must show his readiness and willingness to pay rent and

permitted increases and must keep regularly tendering

the same even by money order and no landlord can take

advantage neither by refusing to accept the same nor say

that the tenant had not paid or tendered the rent. At

the end, the Division Bench has approved the opinion of

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13

the Single Judge in Suka Ishram Chaudhary’s case

(supra). We shall, therefore, have to go back to the

opinion of Bhole, J in the case of Suka Ishram (supra).

Notably, in that case the Court went on to hold that the

tenant was ready and willing to pay the rent in the

facts of the case before it. It is held that the tenant

was not in arrears of rent voluntarily for the relevant

period and remained in arrears because of the conduct of

the landlord for a period of six months or more. The

opinion of Bhole, J was in the context of the fact that

tenant

period”

had

by

money
sent amount

order
towards

but the
rent for

landlord
the

refused
“relevant

to

accept the same. The question was whether the tenant

was still in arrears of rent? In that context the Court

found that if the landlord had accepted the money order,

the tenant certainly would not have been in arrears for

a period of over six months and there could not have

been any cause of action for issuance of demand notice

to the tenant. It is held that because the landlord

refused to accept the rent for the relevant period, the

tenant was said to be in arrears for the relevant

period. In fact, no cause of action arose having regard

to the fact that the date of demand notice was within

six months from the date of refusal of money order by

the landlord. In other words, this observation has been

made in the context of the fact established by the

tenant that he had sent money order which indicated that

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14

lumpsum amount remitted was for period beginning from

1-11-1964 to 1-5-1965 but the same was refused by the

landlord, whereas a Demand Notice was issued soon

thereafter on 1-6-1965. In other words, the Court

proceeded on the footing that having refused to accept

the money order covering the rent for the “relevant

period” from 1-11-1964 to 1-5-1965, the notice issued on

1-6-1965 was without accrual of cause of action. For,

the tenant was neither in arrears nor could be said to

be unwilling to pay the rent for the “relevant period”

due

taken
to

in the
the
ig conduct

unreported
of the

decision
landlord.

pressed
Similar

into
view

service
is

in

the case of Madhukar G. Vaidya(supra), following the

exposition in Suka Ishram Choudhary’s case. Even in

that case, just before the issuance of demand notice in

June 1980 the tenant had offered rent for the “relevant

period” on April 22, 1980, which was refused by the

landlord. Once again the Court proceeded on the premise

that intentional refusal by the landlord of money order

remitting rent for the “relevant period” would entail in

deemed acceptance of rent for that period thereby

depriving the landlord of resorting to action on the

ground of arrears of rent. Even in the reported

decision in Kamlabai B. Kabade (supra) it is noticed

that money order sent by the tenant towards rent was for

period from 1-1-1973 to 29-2-1976, whereas the demand

notice was issued on March 1, 1976- shortly after the

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15

money order was refused by the landlord. Therefore, the

Court took the view that the landlord cannot be

permitted to take advantage of his own wrong having

refused with oblique motive to accept the amount

remitted by the tenant towards monthly rent for the

“relevant period”. Even in this decision, reliance is

placed on the exposition in the case of Suka Ishram

Chaudhary (supra).

13. As aforesaid, the observation of the Division Bench

of

will
our

apply
High

to
ig Court

the fact
which is

situation
reproduced

of a case
herein

such
before,

as

obtaining in Suka Ishram Chaudhary and other two

decisions referred to above. The question is, whether

the view noted in the case of Suka Ishram Chaudhary

(supra) which has been approved by the Division Bench,

is applicable to the fact situation of the present case.

In the present case, as has been concurrently found, the

last of the money order sent by the tenant was on

31-12-1984 (Exhibit 31) in the sum of Rs. 120/- which

covered arrears of rent only for the period from

30-12-1983 to December 1984. Morever, it is not the

case of the Petitioner that the refusal of this money

order was within the proximity of six months from the

date of the demand notice. The fact remains that no

rent has been offered by the tenant at any time for the

period from 1-12-1982 till December 1983 and in any case

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16

for December 1984 till August 1985, whereas the Demand

Notice covered that period. The defence of the tenant

that he used to pay the rent regularly but no receipt

was issued has been concurrently rejected by the two

Courts below. Once that finding is held to be

unexceptionable, it necessarily follows that no rent has

been offered by the tenant for the said period from

December 1982 till December 1983 and again for the

period after December 1984 till August 1985.

14.

tenant, as

Thus understood, the money orders sent by the

has been rightly found by the two Courts

below, would be of no avail. For, the tenant showed no

willingness to pay the outstanding arrears of rent for

the period from “December 1982 till December 1983” and

again for the period “from December 1984 till August

1985” without any cause whatsoever. It necessarily

follows that readiness and willingness of the tenant to

pay the “entire arrears of rent” as demanded by the

landlord in the demand notice was lacking-rather absent.

15. A priori, the exposition in the case of Suka Ishram

Chaudhari (supra) would be of no avail to the fact

situation of the present case. For, it is not the case

of the tenant that just before issuance of the demand

notice on 23-8-1985 he had offered amount exceeding Rs.

170/- to the landlord, that too within the proximity of

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17

less than six months. It is only then the argument of

the Petitioner tenant that the cause of action for

proceeding against him on the ground of arrears of rent

had not accrued to the landlord having refused to accept

money order just prior to issuance of demand notice may

be available. Suffice it to observe that in the fact

situation of the present case, the exposition in the

case of Suka Ishram Chaudhary and other cases referred

to above will be of no avail.

16.

Petitioner

To get over this position, Counsel for the

submits that the Petitioner had offered

outstanding rent from time to time by money orders and

the aggregate amount of all these money orders, if

reckoned, was Rs.560/-, far exceeded the amount demanded

in the suit notice. It was argued that applying the

principle of deemed acceptance, it would mean that the

tenant had already offered the amount to the landlord

for the period even posterior to issuance of demand

notice and for that reason also, it will have to be held

that no cause of action had accrued to the landlord.

The argument deserves to be stated to be rejected. In

as much as, the tenant is extricated from the rigours of

Section 12(3)(a) only if he were to pay the entire

amount demanded in the suit notice within one month from

the receipt thereof. It would be a case of deemed

acceptance or payment if the landlord were to unjustly

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18

refuse to accept the money order sent by the tenant.

However, the principle of deemed acceptance so as to

extricate the tenant and disentitle the landlord to

initiate action on the ground of arrears of rent, cannot

be extended to a case where the tenant fails to comply

with his statutory obligation after the service of

notice and moreso when he is not in a position to

establish that he had infact remitted the amount as

demanded by the landlord in the notice shortly before

the date of demand notice but unjustly refused by the

landlord

before
within

issuance
ig of
the

such
proximity

demand
of less

notice.

than

Morever,
six

in
months

the

present case the argument that total amount sent by

money orders from time to time by the tenant and refused

by the landlord, if taken together would mean that the

tenant has already paid amount i.e. Rs. 560/-, which

far exceeds the amount demanded in the suit notice and

would cover rent even for the period far beyond the date

of suit notice, clearly overlooks the stand taken by the

defendant that the money order sent from time to time

were in respect of payment of arrears of rent for

specific period and the last such offer was for rent

only between December 1983 to December 1984 sent by

money order dated 31-12-1984 (Exhibit 31). In other

words, the remittance by money orders was for

overlapping period as the earlier money orders were

refused by the landlord. Be that as it may, the

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19

argument of deemed acceptance so as to disentitle the

landlord to institute action on the ground of arrears of

rent, could be invoked only if it were to be a case of

unjust refusal by the landlord to accept the money order

sent by the tenant covering the amount of rent for the

relevant period within the proximity of six months

before the date of issuance of the Demand Notice-so as

to hold that cause of action to proceed against the

tenant on the ground of default had not accrued to such

a landlord.

17.

It was also contended that the fact that the tenant

was remitting amount by money orders repeatedly would

indicate that he was always ready and willing to pay the

rent for which reason it was not open to pass decree for

eviction but at best decree for money claim of the

landlord could be considered. Firstly, the assumption

that the tenant was ready and willing to pay the entire

outstanding rent is unavailable in the facts of the

present case for the reasons already recorded hitherto.

Morever, this argument clearly overlooks the mandate of

Section 12(3)(a) of the Act, as was applicable at the

relevant time. The Apex Court while construing the said

provision has authoritatively held in catena of

decisions that if the tenant fails to comply with his

obligation under Section 12(3)(a) of the Act of paying

the arrears of rent as demanded in the notice within one

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20

month or to file standard rent application disputing the

quantum of rent demanded by the landlord within the same

time, the Court will have no option but to decree the

suit for possession against such defaulting tenant. It

is, therefore, not open to the Court to pass any other

order much less only restrict the decree to arrears of

rent claimed by the landlord, which relief will be only

incidental to the substantive relief of possession of

the suit premises on the ground of arrears of rent.

18.

Taking any view of the matter, the Petition is

devoid of merits. The same ought to fail.

19. Hence, it is dismissed with costs.

[A.M.KHANWILKAR,J.]

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