M/S Shanthiniketan Housing … vs Brig (Retd) J N Devaiah on 19 June, 2009

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In aii thaw W:-it Penman; the paiatzzenea-agagfi-af
the consfituiéanal validity of Becticzn 2′?'(fc.’-‘}’:a.1’Vz2:’:A.”{V:. me
Coxuumvmr Frobectiaa: Act,
to as ‘the Act’) ax wail as $1316 ‘A
and mate casnsumm
them. Therefore, an takm up for
cenaideraticn this cammon arder.
Hcmrevsar, contrtmtians, than
facts %m;2’eas mat! the smxmmt of
2005 by fine Unim of mm
“ting: as the atartfit. of ahjectixms in

all out an under.

A’£;”..1′;’év’f1′:r’a«s:v’—..–“?–.-*-Exam’ is & regaimefi parmaahip firm. 11: is in

% of ma devdopmmt and mnatmceam. The

” am am ageemmt with the ma mama fin-

‘ sf iami taming 8y. 1%. 43% md 23% au: 6″‘
E \I.”\?. mm, mmgfa mhana. myaom, on 29.7.2oa2.
“£A”Aim pefifianm aim amtmaci into m wtaemmt with the
resyondmza en. 32.4.2904 far aadm5mg, timraloping ma
eamplefium af Hi-I.at1c1 Park apartmma at name. Accatcfmg

tn the petitimer the consfxzmfian was ccszcnpletead 5:1 at’.-corfisnw

with the aywmmt anti passe-smiaa was aim handari aver ta
ix//’

zzzwm W msga mm mwif. am? mmnmm HWH mum M KARNATAKA WW mum ow KMNATAKA Hum ccamzg’

:’QUR?’@F’WA%Nfi1’%Kfi.’ §’§§fi53″§ CflURj:’%§.K%RNATMKA’ NW;i§1″‘Ui;?’UK! ‘$».«¥’?”‘ m%%mM2mnn’-ntwn I..;u’u!tI’\’.-Jr i\.MKI’¢HInnH- nlur:-nevus:–ur-nnnnmunnn-nnwn-uwwmw

the respmdemta. ‘1″hmaafcm;, the pemonw called upon the

remondmta tn coopwate withhim in =t:rd.m= to macut§’T’§_h3 a1a

dead. The ramponcients failavd ta pay the balame

43,316] – andregiata the saledeed.

3. ma reaprmdmxs filed 1%.

the magma’ cmxm pg off’

deficiency cf swvice anithe by an
arm datad 17.5.2c:oV6′. 7 J Appeal Ha.
150412906 befofra the aw-.§– (3mnmim.. ‘ } _ 5&1: was fiapoaavd
at’ by an ‘flit: zespommta were
‘ was éirectad to
mzecufga tag two mmhs after the
raoqm Resp-tmdazts paid the amarunt
«fine putitizrna by 131$’ Iettm dated

% ?.k¢;2ém%’i::i:ma¢ad fiempmm that em 133.2%? the an}:
A Axtiaeraquest of the re-spondaanta a

fiiifi ‘1~’:*’1*3’%3~’f 3’a%§f the safe aim was also sent, Lot sf

cqr:ea;p:es£idm.z:as ensued 5% tbs In fact the
V aiwmade anoflmtapay hack the amuzuntttxths
VA iftzhey are n& m tafigthe apartmmt…

‘I’h¢caaeafthepat5fimi;sth.a:,hchaaskeady%fiedsa1;e
daedsmmapwtfithamaéamfiyofthepurchamrs. WI-gm
tffiwstaodthnathermpcmdmiafiiadam kemfim

Aypliwfinn fur a diractiun ts) prewide the Ehjfi menfimed in

the said azcsplicaticrn, in gay éamages and fur éetanfionx

reaptmcimta until he has wmpliad with the ort.fl$’;I;«’

C and far of fine. Refine. ‘

an the said Execufiam;

pctitiamrr entereé appmmame

was wag pmsted for objection; ‘ the

follawing ordfi cameta be’ ._

“am Pm: an
2s.z2.2a9 ‘f to
oornpiy hut natthzng’
i:.;.§?z afwsrdm
g;.;W;¢ agum: aim. as as
a mamas asp is
raw gm: meangpzy the arder, mm
mm mmhie by

gzesaadv by the $35.51 was, the pmnn’ ‘ m’ pa.-émreé

— Sectinzrx. 2*?-R ai tha Act bfiore the Kazrnmka

Eiaputas Radraesai Cnmmzfi iezm The said

V. mam 2:9 be dimisaad an §.§.3(){‘J3. Tfiarafam, the

has pedaa-aci this fifrit ?Bfififi$X a the
cxxnsfimtinmzd af Seacfim 2’?'(Q} and (3) cf the Qammmar

[,1/.

3mm’ 0%’: Kfifiwfiamtfifi WGH €OURf”if’. fin? KKRNATAKA Hlfifi COURT Q? %fiRNA”f’A.Kfl HIGH €€I3%£§%i;’§= K7&¥&NA”fM€fia HEGH CQEMET QF KARNATAKA HEGH COURE

wan mmwwmwmuu
‘W

Promcfimz Act, 1936 as mended by Act 6372002 mad for

setting asitie the impumed ardu-a.

5. The Unitm of Inclzia has filed gr
ebjactiuna. It is ccmtmfled thstv53aa..’~*.:,is:g1. :;4*E’i§”
the czmsumar jmiacficlzim ‘A ‘:
ordinary me! the tszrdy VA ‘ sf
Smfian 27 pwhapa the only be 5
pap=ar–tigm’ lacking is one at’ the ram
prmriaians “fine pt-1:331 sanction cf
£mpr1sc2ns..’:’ pruvidad for rum»
1’i*;e.;V’caa1sum.ug’ Caurm. Sectim

2′? ‘ e strand-5′ man but is nniy a

$«M§%NM%MhJ% WEMVM MWUWE WT nmmninimmm l’}I\c2WB wwwna um zuwumwumammwm rile

mah§a§1ug;v sf an pain cmwmch the gram of

are to be ccmxafieé with earyedifinualy.

” A Act mitviaages the manna’ and
caamplaint. The: pmeeéaure cotfxfieé. in

X %:m to he ahaerwd almngwith the psintrlplca of natural

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_ ; L ju§.ti§a. For ample, while dasfnzg with an Executiun

ififim” Q? KARN.&’£’AKfie. Mfifi

V’ V’ the wncemad fiorum in required to give an natica be
that uppmiiza §3E!’!’.”}” ‘cu file £13 reply err czbjactiona. Upun racaipt aazf
abjecticsmkeply it Ema ta amminetim flacts ané wmmumcm
affhecaseaafiyraceeémpassanmémngn-axédedfwin

Secfion Q7 sfthafimt. In fleet, the mnsume: Caurta abserve

than prinnipie cf atltfi altwum patterns: (:10 man 311311 be
condamnad uuhzaard). Thus an W of is
$931 ts: the apposite party beftrra a. panel
2*: afthe Act is pasaad by the Eazecuting
dafaults in empumme wifla
thotlgh the mviaima orsgafion 3’:
yat. folluwitxg tha pz”mLciplfis::€:f !:1:1aa
mxacuuaag Ccurt an 1;: me Eiefévuiting puty to
file its obj acuam;rep1§?.;¢V%zixaa me this
reqt1irmeu;:.’i§aV&g gmacaads to pass
cu-der ‘
. various pxmz-crunczmtsma (If the
prtmaahxre fizz’ disposal af axecuflan
% Qamaaouun 27 faflawfimg the principlaa cf natural
A ‘ hmg aim:-fl by tha Cmasumat Cam-ts. In

– csréas] é-.:mc:1::wn’ ‘ 3 passed By the swam:
are mm on the sum cmissiom met
A ” = Fumm in 1:11:15 czmmzcy, unless athawiae that arms in anal:
‘ ‘”a;la;iéa by the; Stagaram.-3 Cigars. it. may ‘as mbmitbati here that
the Consumex’ Cauzta are faflowfimg tha prozzadum ax» laid down.
by%£KWmnfi$ fian. Theyrgertnttmpmcafixneiaiaé
«am By the Haitians! Cacnxsumm’ niagutm Rfiresaai

‘*’$%%.”§%K.& W334 Cfiflfé? K&RNA’?’filKA HIGH €093? OF K&f€NA”§’afiKfl HEGH COUW” Q? KflRNA’§”!3k§(fia Hififi G?’ mwmmm WGH Cflfifl

C; I 5 w H: I B as a D in R I t F [kit

£§
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M/”

M-mmmmm nmm cumu my EMKNATAKA I-um-I CQURT OF MRMAXAM Hfifim amaze

’74

lIt1.55i1992 and may have mtracted the rakavaxn: porfiurn
wifinh raw: as undw : ~

‘yactimisw hetaicen maersecmnz?’ qr’

soughtto bepfidagaim
azmawmdmsexpzmw .

aefuea:agamacm.sm£smcrwawgaaordier§;’%_

wM£rrwmm1 af any

‘3’. ‘1’1:fis
Courts in the caumy .’§ft1£:%§;manab1a
omwtuniy fat mi the
aama iv. in or 11:16 cm
Ia-ma-um maicfimmx firearm, an the

czétz or the c.z~.Pc m not utrictiy
Courts are gtfidedhy the pnnmplm’ ‘

an abjwfiw to pamvitie aimpla.

V _ ‘ ~,»xpaf”‘ fii’ ‘nus disposal ta the cansumet

‘ summary ‘trials {:9 mast the alqiectiveef the

M * fiat, mama mactadbythe Pa:I1’,nm.m.t of

é :

MWWKE WW” NJ&KNM§MWM WEUW wammz ,..W?_R”‘ mmmmmaflmm Niwfl %uW”‘:’ag??=*;§f

8. Afiafifiémmt Act 62 :3! 25092 the posmxmwas
6% by the Elatimal C whm sub-seczéxm {2}

Q7/_

and (3) of aexrtzion 2? were introduced on the procadum to be
adoptad far daaflwith ceases undm 89::-tivm 27.

‘»$’m’::mi:t¢2:t(I}cm.e.~ate.st:o dfliculry.
Power of Jtfit.”-‘3 T.

ma: ofofaiws masgrme
fim porlicm of p,..,¢.m;* fl
mw mma[m the (‘Jade
of cmntmz the
power :71’ fins! class.

fhese gmseys. aanjénad

and we ffifix mutt 03′

was .1ud£asat

in the code

pyummvzgs wwrer the

like my other Jucflcial

;;:2w:”§” Q?” iiifififififfififl W6?-E CQEEE

aftfw mad Secfizm, it has
= X :e%p:ac.éa.:zgs&::uae:rsazofvwe_a&wm aspmsasad

_ ” Subamfim [3] yrovides that arfiacacan may ‘be mieé
V mé that wmzld mam an prmzided by the Coda of
e /I – a F % » Prwaduxez”.

IQ. ‘I”b.e.v::fim-a, 53 was e that Sacfincu 2’? £2

~;=ml%é1Na%”f&K& Héflfl COU£’7§”€.”3_F %&%flNA”¥”flE(& Hififi CQURT 3F KARMWWLKR WGH cmm” 5? KfiRNA.TAKA §~%W§i-;<i-

nefihcr neat xmixi, mbifiwy mfi unguidea,

éfi
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failing ta prcviée any praceduxe in mmcuticm elf mam.

Thweimfi, may wright far fiiamJ’.m1 at” the Writ

11. The yrincipal contmfian urged

af suhaectinm (2) and (3) af .2′?

the pmviac ta the Seating. 3′? ”
Ema}: of this f3:’§.1ev-%$:£.m.-_
Unirm af Inéia and Qthers (£3 L3 54 me
that fiktficia 131 sf’ ‘I:aq_nt-empiatm yroczachzre
mmbiiahad 1aw,:.v¢1*g§;s1; 1341* starting sf
paroaefitprg fix axzcarciance with
the fl was caz1t.wd$ that
fJP,V”V.?V'” af the Act (16 mt $231 with
fiat am this t:m:tt::’a3:*y, tha
. ate cf Firm $19.38 is mcnftxred an tha
.’ V. CmLm1’5m”.c:n and Hadxi $mm3’sa1’am
afimee ut}.&a’ the Act anfi me”: far the parieé.

A :i3′.h:e cammmement -fl’ the trial md thus t1:fi3 new

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V ‘A j aim} ia uncwfitutisnafi,

fiwandlyg it wax mntmdad that auhvwcfinn £3) prmridw

that 331 efiencea unéw this Act may be uieé. summarily.
i-ioweaw, what is we nature af summary gxacadure ia mt
stiptzlatfi near my rula am fiamesi sup%u1a$@ the summary

grmeéxnei Thafimreg tha fifié yrmaisim :13 wgue mé $9 net

mwwm; WV W§%«?.€L$””=M’7&¥J%N!\ NEW” %WU§%’% ,.

safisfy the requmsmant af procedure prfiibad by law under

Article 30 md 21 of tha Ccrnstitntaioxl.

Tlairdly, it was acrzxteszztlad that tha be

éammv 0? K.&fiW.M”fi.Kfi. HEGH Cfilfifi

tmwee yawn. Uném the ‘a§f_ a
prézrson mannot be amalagi’ _§. yamfi by
follczwvim a the fizrmicl
ammded pra-gmm it. violatm Articlas
was é

the effect 9: fig.-ma liberty. 2 cam-mt

baa dune prmmm established by 1m

and tha by law cit: not safifly this

‘zhqesm-a, sub-soc’£:im1a :2; and (3)

of quashati as unmstmz.’ 1:103:31.”

12. the questim that arise £01′ canaidetntiamn.

mm-se% :2; and 1:3; afsam: 2? cf
the r Pnoiecfim Act, .1986 wouid
conwtute, ‘inmdzuve fifisined by smr’; as
dwmderA:ti€:ie21ofth9 ?”

av

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impaaed under Section 52?(1} is ‘

shall 1161’. ‘ha ia-as than we ‘t–:.; j

i;.;€.}UR’E WE” amammmma mam muum 7&3?’ fimmmflamaam mamm <a,»=r=,4§m;§m Wm Mammmammw Maura umwuna ur nmnmnlnnm rum?! Luuxa ur akmxmmaflmfia mam-a mums

13. T113 Cunsfimfiannl vulixiity 9f the Camumm
Prutectian Act, 1’9-551. hm-&:mfter referred ta as was up
hetci by the Sup:-mm mm ‘m the GP

xmxaraxa vs. mawaaamrm v::9~

can somvnnn mi,

felt 11e:::.eaa’ty of
whwe for the purport liati
baaconm fflusmy. In’ Act, a consumer is
eathtifi directiy as a ream:
whmeof’ pawerfui buaixmm hnuse
magiie cf the said statue, quasi»
Maia: craattsd at the Diawict, State and

mabla a ¢nn.suma’ to vmlae hit

_ whme justine: can be done without
‘ .:. ‘;:t;y* wrangiaa ma hypautechnricafaizias. fine of the

” . H mfid Act is ta pmvide mmntznxm tn cansuma

Thea-fiareg indydmt autharitim have Been

The ma; fi the pa.-rufaa have adaqtxately been
by prr:vai&.g an alternative syntax: sf wmumm

jurisziiction. fin summary trial, they are required to arrism at a

mcluainn baud an raasarm. Evm what). q
dama3u,theyarerequireAtomakeanattmpttnservatb;s

was of _iz1.s1’:ice fimfing mt only at recamyvwxing the m&’v5flua2

by

but also to bring about a quaf£i$atiwe change in the attitude of

the Iervéne przzrviclaa. Aasimznmt at masons aamiué.-as or ad;

rate tha chanm cf nhiwminus and the

Forums created under the Act can tat the carrec1:1ms_1;

3eetio-n 25 of mm prmrixim foe mrmmagg

Forum, the State Commission or V

Only in me weazxt of its mbmy to it, the? gaia

can he executed thraugh tha Lkgcal
whose jurisdiction the pmum of 1:119
Act also ccmfiera and the
G ‘ ta is akin to
Order 39 Rule: ” an the
prcruiaionn of :§e%«c¢§a1:a:fi§£.’A or swam 51 rand
with Grier 22 mxela? {sf Pracseciurs. it was held

tha\}.«-$’a§’fien._’:$3’5 canjuztmtion with Secision 2?.

mmxmmm Hififl KARNATAKA HEGH COURT OF KKRWATAKA WSW COUWT OF KARNATAKR %”§%éi3»f§<«§ €L1&3UW$' W? ¥(Z&fiN&TflKfi MGM COUR

inflbputahly can cream a. tribunal and

" 's'n§y T1:.fi.§nn~:mmp1ianee :21' its cram ma-ulti be
Wm' 'magi; W of §1:ap:'isna:man.t at fine, whack' can be in

othar mode cf 2.-accvwy.

24. It aim finthw huaié um, it is we}; sattleri that the

fi fim aftha smmmkthatwum

am m’Zl::una}.s must he had to pass-cm pawu ta exacutc their

awn an-dar. It is 3159 w& amine} that a atatutary Tribunal

£1/4

which has been ccnfwreufi with the pawn’ ix: atijudicate a
ciispute and pass nawuawy <:rt?m' has also to
implement its cram'. Farms, the Act which zgsa.'

Cede, cum thzmgh it has mt men
an.-dc-r to make its main efieartixae.

15. Hewwea-..,. 14,5 wnntituficnal
validity oftha pm-.::s§L inf bdbre rm
Caurt on which provides fur
impasi::1§En” en» fine withdut providing
is vioinfive of

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16. reauiuu undu:

fig.-3 _

‘imam a trade: 2:}: q, perms:
ér emits fie mmptg with my
fly the ,£isfi::t Fawn; the fiefie

é tiw mam: mmugwsm; as the
be; such finder er peerw am”
shall he pwwaaaze with
..,£ fira term wtw: smanac he teas
znmme mu» m whichrmzy eactendta tam
Vya:zIs,a:r”wfi’hji?wwfa3z;h$’ia£Z:m beiassthzaxvx

la,/”

L駅3%.EK% UV RMKNMEMWM WWWM amwwm ,?¥e»,”,K’ RRKNRRRRR NE?

he deuwnad to have emafm-red

81

{we thai nq3% but whizzh rrxaywmd to
£evt£mmdwvaes,arwt£.*:ba¢1:: T
crarruntsstm er the mane:

d ofcmy
semi ef ‘a_rfirne,”s:r

wedfiedfiizizfs

17. in the cans of
in. aramesmpmea
in went into tbs vitae ufthe
of Articles “20 and 21 hddas

h ** 4;..;~g_:.%V,f.f,¢.&.[we are ofthe qpmm am
mt: be minted ofaw cafifianoe

‘V ‘ aflcuv inflame at the was
” af aftfx act ciharfi as an
fins Ewm d uncigar

AA Amb&29afflw sflm
V’ Mfow a» want of harm, wifich
xmwtsmwafiwiormufingofprnmewtgs

sf crimmczi flat:4′:”a’ hams a war: in
am:-mum with the gramme p:wcr£bed in

the stamzte, 1:21:86}: awn the ofihtae and

r3 dflm . wwm¢

trial would “nutmeg to fipafwaésiczm of the

Ea €.,W’-V %&fi.W%§?&K5\. HUGH C0%J§E_’¥”‘0 3? WRNETAM HIGH COURV fl? KflRNATM(fi Wfifl QOUWT QF KARNATfi«W?a §’%§%l§§~§ KUEIW’ Q? %fiRNA’FAKfi i-HG?-i COIN

§;’.’€.)E.!Xi’ £3!” mawmasazm ‘flE’E.§H’%L§£«§m¥%!K’§,.t!F”%flRNR’ER%A WWW -mm-mug Mr-ummmm-mt.A-nmn L.;U%’J’Kl”‘Uf”I§;AKNA’iAl(A I’1t'(a’Ifl'{.’i.”{;2UR’I ‘-OF’KARNm’Mm “flaw!-Qmm

persmzaitihenyofuperwzwfihinflae
mwmufAmw21afm

Artteie .22 pm a zwamz xmazme
ma: benazzr . %
wwuazrhe _g2fAk£i;;£é21 %

:9 mm: the law
at
fl perm win he
means
or a person

3. ,.

ta impose a serum cg’

2:: was ofthe Cavfiflaaz, ms
«:7’sa.r:aei.sI£a.I:£ett3hs.*wuck$’b¢ing

w 113$-ikingofthepm:n’m
£os.S1eci£mt2?oftheA::tw:3ti£drIot,kawe*t!ei;
mtéarflwwmEmww1 M
Wwcmnmmsmwwmmwgrwéws
thepenamr,wea:veaft?:eop£r:£unt?:atsuch
efikrace has to I39 ska}! with, tried cmd
mm&d& Mmflmpmfi§ww
offiwmdeaffiidndfimawaa”

and (3) offiection 2′?’ ofthgahst.

19. The ma
afmmxd’

*’ 4.12 is to be
Eons).

a.-5’%azr1a.i’ in $3Vaf Ara’-Q
the pmxdae wlach was ” wiwn as
has been
hm mtmducw
whiz;-I: mm or :32.-

or ‘
as have tfwpawer of an

_ Gassfiar the trial of
iiye Hiliwid Rzamm at the fitate
zamzaz aonmum as flue

he, an wmm the powers am an
mwa, shat: be damage! ta be a Judkriaf
afflw mm aass oftha crude. tme
a have mm mm egtsm wt;

Q? mmwmm WGH €Q%.3Qf§””®_F KKWNATAW Hifii-i COURT 05″ WRNAYAKR WGH COUWE” 0? i(fiRNfi£fi’£§%i§g’5%s §»~§é€§fi*i CQURT 0? KAfiNA”i'”M(A MGR COUR

A&

1-3. Thu asfoxwd judmmt ufthia Cmzrtwas chflmr.-ad j

by the State of b$me tha Supreme Courtfim the
of sugars er xaxxazrgxa vs. PARKE? sums
ozmm rammed m n’ 3006} car 6
pemu-my af the appeal bma tha
Parliament ammdad Saetinen 2*?

fifirici Iihmmarthe flag arfim
Naioml %miav:, as the case mg! ba;–m
whim the powers cm! :39 <:m;én~ect, ._
deemedta be a
dcmfir ifwyfi efifw A
Prneechure, 1929. « I AL

rs! #1 ass":-ms W
tried

21. A’ that the :1-bjeat at’

the :29 unérm’ the Act and aim:
prmiée fiat ;t11a_ such oflmce being
prmaad. Itizifa t}3qa.t it is not 9. name p-unity
impaaed on fiemm in a case. A
txfasiesr, gzersém a camplflnnt is mde 5:1′ the

if he £39313. am wits ta campiy with any

efiiatharifias mamticned. thmain, auch mndm

%’L’kg;~ ,.__”§:.A«:””W»§ifimm’ 1.2, shall be 1:rum’aI3.abia wr£1:1′

for at tam which 531.331 not be Essa than me

‘ wmah” may mtmd ta three. years, at with $3 winch”

ha 1&9 than tw-1:: thowntl raga}: but winch’ may

% mm ta tan thausmd mpm, G1?’ with ma. rm-awe. ma

V’ the: cmylainmt mad. the reapandmt in a ccmplaingfi’ they fail

CIQURT OF KAfiNfiI’i’AKA H361-E KARNATAEWA WGW ¥$@i.§R”§’ 43? WAKNAYAKA MGM C§Z?%.§iEs?’;”§’ Q? KARNA’W.KA HSGH COURT 0? KAflNATAKA H598 COUR

crarmitatr: wmplywiththe e3*&a*,theym~asa5dtc;haw

E’/,.

commitxed afimca anew’ this prvvision. Qnca the efienoe is
held ts: be pruwd, the: aut?.’10ritiau und-aw the said have
no discretion ascept to smtmw such a pm-ggrx–Egg’: or
turn net lms tham mm msmth at fine
Howe.-an-, the riiwretian is
matter nf uppex limit of
which may mntmzi to gfiak up
to Ra.10,00D. magma, proviaium baa
clearly set cut when ‘gm 3:: prosecuted for
offence. anal mafimum
mm: evmn afimne is prmmcl.

provisiasn is not unda
in the virus at subsecnfm (:2)
mg: zafcsx swan} agtha Act.

2
3
3

a
2
E
2
§
§
z
3
fi
§
La
§
3%
3
§
J
:

E
2:

E
E
as
a
K
§
ha
3»
§
3
3
3
:

E
2
E
E
§
E
Q
§
3».

§
§
§
3
J
E

‘ ” K {2} starts with a non-ahstame clause. It

” Pia’ ta noting that suah a nanabstaxxte amuse is
in su1a-ma.cm (1) not in st.x’b~seet£o:n (.3) and it is

‘ AA only to aubamfim (2). Thaaa-fiaze, it is necessary ta
Lsfia cut the meanmg ané this purpose of iu’£:ro:h:.c:ing this nv;r3.~

obstamta clause.

23. Sezztima 6 9f the {Ends of ilriminal Procedure: 1973,

fin’ short. ha-flzafier rdfcrrezita as “the mantis” éefim ttiaasun

k/

mum’ mi mmmmm Wm»; mmmmfi Q15 mmwAm.:%.:.g>%: 2.

of ilriminal Cvaurts. It gmividea, beaidaa High Cami; and tha
semis aonstituted unfiem any law, artherr that: thwe
ahnfl be, in every State, ‘Elm fofiawing
Courtsgnamflyp __ ._ A _

ii) (hurts of Sesaians;

{ii} Judmai’ ‘ Mags’ tram first §:i;a.§3′
m — ‘

Ju&c»iaI and

24, Caux.-is md

the afie men’ am the sale af 3:121:21′ an al

Pr 5″ V. State G%%% at’ the
Emma}; _ ” ‘_Ccamw V’ such clam of 61% ‘ (imam
3,; ‘£A’.i141a»ir?-‘»’=:i:’r<::1«sa, Thmefnra, in cram tn vast mm

sian, this mm sf Jufiicia}. Hlafiatra. ,

' fali unfia Sectian 5 sf the (3363,, it hecame

% * Pazrlinmmi tacstaie, %

.;;m% xsinthe Gacie of Gnmmal' " Pmwcizxra, ms, tbs mm-ac:

AA ‘ tha Stain Cammissiam tn’ ma Yéamnhnal Ifimmxuxisn, as

:?1:eas.wmay:m, shfi Izgemthe gmw of-.}udim’al augments sf

azmam Q?’ MWMAIAKA Hafifififl-1m'”§jmg% %MfiNAIM!§A’!’fl’!E.°.irH uuum ur ImKnimn!u\’I-awn uuuln UP’RMKNM’lMRM mun -uwmu (Jr mxnnlnm z-M-gm yuan”

E Class, fat triai af cfimee uxxdm’ the Act, Thwafwa, by virtue
sf ‘mm-aflactizazn sf thia nan-afiamnte cimxsa, thme three
a.nthm’itim amfiitutafi undw this act are cwsfmreé with the

paawa-3 af Juafcmi -,;.?;:;

oflmuas. Aftw cvnstituting thma three authvritiw under the

Act as Criminal Cfitufi, the Parliammt further made it

by the Latte.1:’ part of su¥3~aec1;ia11 [2] of Section 2? that an A’

canfermmxt of pmver, the Distrim: Faanzm or

cfiasiom w the Nations} izmmisfinn ‘

Wham the pawws are so conferred, :3″

Judit.:i.a1 Magistrate of the First Class ‘the ‘

Code of Criminal Frecadura, 19%.. afiihorifiim
cunafituzed under the Act, class of
cum’ mm’ Cauxts dawned
to ‘be Juciiciai flag pravisians of the
Cadc and cf Judicial

L{ag’xtra.te 0:51 (3:3iga’ls4’fo:* n 5; =1 as under the Act.

EQWKY W?’ wwmmrmm Mam %§,;mUm r:..3.;1% m%KmMtEfi:~%.;% Mime? témwuna Mr Iwmmfiimmm nun-2 vuuum ur mmmmnamnn. rmam mwmfis um” Rfiflfiwfififimhfi mama humm:

2-5. )Ex1″a9 £3] sfthe Am is émcuned, it
~ an $3323 under thfi Act may he

a.,*” :5-am’ V prfici-§hmg’ 5. pravazefiure few trial’ at’

Vaffm

% ” .. i£5£~;:.~-._1t cuntenaatl that the cfienoe und-at Swticn 2711}
gcf pumaha.’ bk with fixraa years Empriaunmmt. It is 3.
‘ A – ms umim Secfiun mm} of the Code. s=.zb-mtim (33 ef

Q’? afthelmi wafim, ail ofiencaa 11:21:13: the Act may

he triaé. szfiafily. Awax-mm. case cannot be tied summariiy.
Tfietefam, the pafcswnafinre praaméhad mdet the Act is mat a

\.M/”

prevcaedum aetabiiahad by Emir and it violates Article 21 of the
comtituaan. Setmndly it was cmnmdad that, byrggbgseeum

(23 at’ fieetism 27 thcugh tha pmmr of the Judjgaal of

the 3%:-st Class is canfm-red an the Famm_

it is confared anly for the

and no paww is cmafmwwip
of an ufimca. rm otheu’ 1315 the get is
pumaha’ hie with yrocamuva
undw tha Cude ta of a warrant 66.33,
and in a eéfie afiar the charges
are the C-ammisdan has no
the ofienaes. iaaim grooms

for fivarrantn bailahla and narmbaiiable

§€3%M%.”§’ £3?’ %&§£§%&’¥”M<& Mlfififi €533? KKRNKTAKK Hififi CUUW" Q? K7flflMA"§'fi%?{fl WGH CGUW" OF %<K§é?ié9<§£§'¥"fiaK& H36?-i COW??? 0? Kfi.W%M"E"AKA HIGH CUURA

and, 1:11a~efore, Li;:.';1Me* orcimu passed in-uing nem-
hailahle of chase: are: without the

._

2'3: .. 4 ai' the Code of Criminal Pmczadure, 1973

_ A far shun msmea 1:9 as 'the Code'; prumidas fer trial
unéeur the Imiriam Pmal code and ether Iawa. A12
'unéw the Infim Fwal Coda ahalfl be irzsaautfigated,
mm, mm ma athmwise mm with acmrrding to the

prmaisians ef the Cade. Hawwm, Ali ofimnas un&a' any otha
law ahafi he finvestigatafi, inquéred finals}, n-is}. arr atherwim fiealt

'xx/%

i;2%$?HR'f $7.3? Kflfiwfifififififl MMQN a.;uum my a£.flmN,£§'€a'f:.1%1;s:a wmwm mwmm U!" Iwmmmmmn I-Hun LUUK! ur mmmtfllnna raw-r1 vmwwm Wt" mmnwmmmn fimsrrt LUMM

with aczmrding 12:: the przmarizure praeczrihed undm: tbs Code but
aubject ta my mactmamt for the firms being in fgsgulating
the manna' or place of invusfigafing, om

athawise: ammag with such afimm. "&§

1-minute the manna: asr place inéag,

u-yang Gr otherwise deafing with of
the Code an applicable to tu;§jeszreua§es.fina£: in far
as in imnaafigmziun, An epticzu.
1; gemmo ma the ogemea &mm* $ fly at'
Secfion 2? afmeaet. shartnmd
quirzk px-czcexhzre, themocre

1n'ae:r£'hed for

eiabarate fr;

aecwng a. camfiffifi ;r :VV ;” * cam, Tribunal, :12′
an Auth¢rity_m’sVVV–r:xa1Ied. proceediw if it is nut
farmal procedure but is

&ut1ib:i§r$ri”‘ short and quick pro-mediate fiat

new is may-. ‘I’.h.erefm-e, it is
_ arm Fanm tn éecide thzzptaaathxre but

V ‘ _4 ia a prwadara presczrihed under ths Code.
% (, 1:; puxfishablsa with mmmz for 3 mm which

lam than one month but which may mtfi tn

, ,, , . %

28. Under the coéa, Chaptm 21 claala with auznmary
mm. sweating 25:: of the Code comm on any (.f.zs;§er,maicia1
llagniuate; my Mimzropoiitan Mawuata; ustxy the
First Class, the power ta try summarily

afimcea which eauld he tried »

fiectian 260 ae.-ts ant 49*: fififiums
aurnmarily unaea: tha code; m
aflancw nut. ._ fur lifa or
imgana-mum’ mt far ea ‘I’11e:rd’czre, an
meme with itnprixanmant
for a trinhle summarily. “rim
the Act is punishable’ with

” VV 5;. ” 5111311 not be lag than 53113

amm” {W Kflflfiflflflfifi WGH COU§f’§”‘QfF WRNAYAKA HiG§% flfiflm” fl? KARNA?flKfi HIGH COURT 0% §%’;a&;§§§WWA§(A H36′-H CGURT OF i(flflN.ATAi(A HIGH COUR

xzzonith but ‘zkgthrea 3%. It dam nut mean
_ in agave Vthagnniahmmz cf impriaozxnzealt to his

yw.

2A§-…__VSu’E£In~s:’§Vi.fi;itf;.x1 (2) 0!’ Bastien 5:-mo pa-asamm that man, in

% :1-kg {a£,%.é: stmmary am it apmars be this Eagbtraha that

‘ cf the asaas is such that it is uncieafirable to try it
. thus Hngbtratn shafi recafl my wimeuaas who may
hm ‘ and prtwwcl is heat the me in the
gmugaea by this Satin. Sectian 252 of the Code

peracrifiw the prnefizre far summary 1:1-ink. It sum that, the

X».//%

£€;3U¥%’CE £3? Kflflmflfififlfi man QWQWA 7%,”? mmm MJMM wr nmmmmamxn HEEJN uuum ur nmmwnennm nmvn mums: ww mmmmfltnmm nmrn mwwm

triain undecr this Chapter, the proceéure specfiaad in the Code
fur the trig}. of aummtms ease shun be as
prcrvidfi untiem Sectitm 263, 264 and 263. z,u1c’¢m-

as a summans case.

summary trials. Secticn 254; of mags magag
cane tried axxmmarily in thaéa ynot flute!
mxilty, the Mamatrfitg “$u”t$tan::e of the
evidmce azzui a juaggmt amtmmt of the
rmsans 259 of the Code.

eznpawaesfi é.s§d¢to coma-t summons cases
when in the caurae ef time:
1:9 am afimee pumm 1:16 with
‘ ‘ 1; auV’ta1: n1v months, it appears ta
tug ta; of justice, the afiwm ahould
flies pmeedure far the mm at’

-jhiljsifiéstraxa may wowed ta ta-hear the
3; the’.44£aaM. AV ‘%graum by was Cutie for the am: of
may recafi my wimass who mayhavabeen

1 ‘ L’ ‘ ~ F1-am the afarmaié parmziaimm it is clear mama Goae

trialin a summary way, trim} ofs1 easa

byhEa§@tman£&tria1afwar:an1easmbyMag’@t¢s It
Xx/’

alas) pravidas for the Cami: to rahaar the aaw. In cthar wards,
innziunyirmofienoeia triad ins. aummaryway, ieéeiaa he ran-
hevsxd as a. aummma case as well as an than

ofience is tried summszrily the anly

than Cad: is that an

exceeding three months ghafi
emnvicticm mam» Chapter 22}: m.’um
the mam-e of the fli«s i1n&v4jesm’ab1a m try
mmmarny and the is mm than
thrae $I.’i.G1′.lfi’.i5: with the power ta try
such «c1sfi5’1£¥.’Vn,’:’§-:b;.«;’:—- “While cantiucfiug 3 trial of
‘éauaei it appears tn the Maginuate
the it should be mind an a warrant

case, the (iii-‘Ltr:§; try” a. warrant. case. It in in this

.- $3} of Section 27 is to be appraoiaassci.

that all afihum zmcier this Act may be

sweet’ % % ather words, um at’ an afience mania’ the

4; ‘£32: sxxaammiiyg But. in a gwm case

hem watatiwith the Court we try an a. mmmtms

~{.%m:1s+§a a, warm: cam. That is the aimifinamce cf the wmwl

T «4 $¢:::y* in sub»awa<um (33 est' Swtim. 27. Thu-mm the

4 thatinfimafthe puniahmerxtuncier fiectinn 27(3)

iififimfi" $3? KAflNA'€'M(A WQH €OUK?""€}%_;¥ WRNATKW Hififl COEFW" 0? mmmmm HEGH CGUN" fit?' $'r%;%<'%%;NA?AKA HIGH COURT OF i(fiRNA"FAi(fis WQH COKE

efthefimtmayextcndtathree years impxfismaant, thxeofeence
eaxmatbetriefisummmfiiy md,thme:fme,itvin1ataaArtic1:e 26

My

and 21 of the Conntitzxtian in as much an the pm-endure
preacribad untiw law, namaly mzbmetrtion (3) of 27 is

wntrmy tn the preziaciure prescrmaerl unflex at'

warrant case atarm arm: ts the
prooeamgs are under

Secfion 27 {2} vi' tha Act an the in only
the pawer of 3 Jufliciajg the trial
gr afiencea unda 'g.;.g: the cache is
canfm:-rfi the non»
bafiabla wmmisag and cmxaaw 'an in all
these cases: exam is xeieifi of Arficle

so g_i?1I1§._$1 Q
$ %;é2.%° is 'issued an the jtzdgmmt cf
Suprem-ag Ens was of.Ra41'£LAL mum mm
A "r7s?i:-szzgagfzaar' AND atzxmw [Am 1979 34::
k cam cienfing with the £fi'e::.-wee betwew.
and acquittal of an ammed in. a warrant cam
othcrwifie thm on as. pcilice repmt 3131 also the
::{:.'T:u.¢-nizinznx wmher the Magistrate has 12115 gmwer undm the {Jade

to &'schmaihee1mua&ti after framing af an charge in awxrant
\M/'

«%?éfia'3'Wé€a& Wfififi &3€JiWE'H:'A KM?' mum muum Ur Nflfiwfliflhfl ruwn LJJUEE ur nnnwninnm rum;-I mzwwm Mr mmmmmammm maww m.a..m=»§ea.

3

?§
3
a

3′”

m

oflencea in rape-ct sf awarrant case is s§5×1:ét£1_1f:’e»__

31. The nae: contm _t1’»:m ‘a;1;5gad ia t;”t1aa’AEt;’ a

case msfimtad eéthw an at eomplaint er a palicas rapart bald an

un:i;w:~

25. mm the scheme afthe pmuisims

awzze it iscsm max in a. wanwzt fj; * [ _
athenaisz than an (2 police amt: “€{J1?”: ‘- .V

‘acquiflal’ of ¢zzx:used are ‘~ . «.
appflcable ta ctgakwnt $12925 afthg
mm. mm legal em and
and ‘aaquttta1’ are aisn fiiretier
manage in 0:. mm%
eonpiatnt, mm rmtje may
am: émaed a@;e,;g £5;-k
saw-M then:

can he _ gzzidmae
Dfflll been taken
and tha mm :9 be
mcaraea; in £§19.VRgi1£’d5ffi:gé eéicrmae, that no em

Fxkms : (2; which
stage crfthe case “g’he

A discharge witheut

A Tm’ taken is illegal. g” .2
is made ma themmpate must
Sam: 2.54 mm: mm charge
. Svamn 254 shczws that G’.
“Nd ifwmmg ., W

mam’ Q? mmmimm WQH €§Qt.§§R§_T£’T””&é4*_F KARNAYAKA MIG?-E CQUW” 0? %fi.RNA?’AKA W6″ CQUWE” %£€~WNfl”¥”AWk MGM COURT Q? KIMQNATKKA HIGH COUR

f.¥:e1Wag’§iuw,tIfi:1&st1xz£
rizemisgrtwwzdjbrpmmnrfixgthatflieflaed

Qiflfim’ fir?’ fi%.%Nfis..’%x;.Kfi MGR COU£”E”Q3F MRNATAM Wififi flflfifl? Q?’ WRNKVAKA WGH C@§37§%<;'2" %&%Nfi"§"fiKA F-HGH CQHRT 0? Kfi¥lNA°'FfiKafi H5651 COUR

ccntainml in the Code of Criminal Procafiura, 19?3 had as
undw : –

-23.5; me mt fin:-zmyamby the
lewnadmwwelfirmeappeilwztwmchalm
appearste be zreryattracfisze, istfuzt . ‘ _ ‘ _f ‘
m¢smfermdmewmamappzgmg* :o::a¢a%faz.-:sj:»f”%TTj ° ” %
gamma case, the order
ctwxstruai as a«fi7’f-‘larfir ‘
the man In am-ruraras, £1:

Wm M at?

tfxechasyssms
qf&p’?é¢n:§_§_…..V’ I . E
or hi the orfiir
fifizn’.’ng’af any event, an mwr
be me: an be a
fltmlardiér;§:rLdVi3atA’ari’fiiier&ac::fi9ry one. fizwort
teamed enamel relied an :1
% 9. mt: mm of the mm and
mm in the case afsme :9 Giumi
‘A 1959 Jan: :31.”

x inst appear to aw cf am ¢-«saw so are
V farr the mawvzs tint me man awe
hemafier. 3: the fins”: plum, the mm: was
rendetedmé an £’hep:m:i&fazs afthe Game of .1973
bzdwzdertixspmwésianssfthg Crirswhal Pmaecfiue
C§ac:£a*uf£he..h.nurasarndK:z.§zn’:ir&e:tew1zici1were
gdte esfifiemnifinmlfnapmzrflmzsefflw Gasfiof
I§?’3w1fich«®esm’:f:a;3pIytothcz£&fie, ficonéy,

E

9/5 5%’!

it would awearthat the Crizninal Procedure Cbde
of 18?? {Act X of 1$?2) wqamssiy fiejsiagz

ampmasamzemofxrae * ?

1: mezuaes we
XVI and me’ –§me-mm: ‘am

rnetmt the
beam. zimzm rm and

pumm firm: whmfhe
cwctmed appears in $o £.’_:é afthe
ptmeecinm dejiratxaza is be mm in
ax. 9:’ A23 :3 af R§”?;’E;V me am Ac:

_ mm war: may be
£33′ Gent: wa®rtia’£At:t.’

de1?!% of’-‘he wens! ‘tr£ai*’as
unaze:-mm: as mzflcai change in
vf ma. me code 9;’ was czmgpieteiy
me ssefintaan of me ward ‘aria!’ and
mm widmecrm <fi_fi.r:fio71 afthe tam:

V.

§.:m.m”§” aw E€.é’%§?i’§V$&”E’§%Kfi% mam mumm %Z?$.,s??:$%~$:iN§M.M%.%M mmw mama; my amgmmmna 2-mm uumxz ur axmtmmmm n-mm mmm an nawcnmmm M§%§.:7§ii”‘%

aejvrmzafrne waazmz whizzk _

after a; air has been: ezrmezm

Under 5’. 4(1) cf flw (Jade cf I898, ‘inquiry’ was
defined 23:21.3:

‘Inquiry’-*mq:am’ hschzaas

inquiry «other than at trial conducted %

{Jam by amgisame or man,’ §?m.-{Hm ‘V
was um mm? as was sf rags, A}
were held in be many org-.

4a}. Sbfizr as me c:odeo;:j197.3»ts

whizzh we are mm wizfk-:%2.!1e
is rmmecz em no: age@;»sasefi:§e;mt~au. ~1′.z?2t§rta
the .:,~_;,§52:§;254 mruvarcis.

aforeaid sactsitma it

‘V as .._

.ss. Bis, zhemgbm, aiearthat maserztae

fl€}m%”%” £3? mmwmm MGR €2@£3$Rff§”‘¢..7.’?¥_;” Kfl&Nfl’?&%fi H¥@¥’% fifififl?’ WW %fiRWA”i”&KA MGM @€3isfi:%i’;’%” QW’ mmmmm HIGH CQUW’ {W KARNQYAKA HIGH (SOUR

“oft?aetm1mt£ngwflIthechargeswe:1afiu:nad

lwcsaisrsa under Secflon 252 xafmrt the accused
weared::s’wez.sbrm1gI§hej%rmt?:aefi£@:uxa,:’JIe
fim$rme?m6mmwfiw wflmm
ezxida/we as am bepmdm by ram After
ivrmaiérzg the :z:fi*ne.mas* méw Eafiwz 25212],
zfwhmggrmefmdtomkeflwevidmrmeandagter

ta/%

6′ 13 W

103}

awauzaraimhg the sczrne has hadta deterfinauaewfzatma
msewasntazseout mfiw wMmif V.»
wu-aimed, wmdd wma the amwswx of the
aamasaa. ymemamn.-we wascftsme opwm « Q f _
flw qfiw evlderwetakenat
stage am the accused had E: é
triabze wider the mid crwr,
waste be frame-ti By .

mwever, me pmceamz af of._i;;rm.§wiiv_ E
mam was split 1&9 em: gas 95:73:: firs:
a augmm fwiziafz is
contained in 5. 251),
af at 251-21 :2
as-xthe as rag.-gardsthe
in ch.-rmgesor eischarge
5Gjf_4c:a*1_ am my me ogmon me this
E _ar2in’:n;saf*ti’1£.sii§.s:::v:t:£t?na::t was sumamae. mderme
” Clzugie, imgnwiry pmemw the ma:
mnpzm unarmed as am.-named while
A [“;ag1 in 2:2 ahyects wad reasons of the cow.
amaiemmgimism to mcardtzny
~ E~mangamear:m2amg; ‘mq1dry rm: only tofindsuttzs
mwherheraaampzmp bemre mm$
triabiebyafiesamtsflawtmdarmfiztsism, he
£.stcrsae:zd£§1ecamtz:iheCartavtfi’9rt:iaI,i’?u:s.
ifserebangminqzdryaswastheaaaebtflze Cede
af 1893, tiwre is raw momjbr Ermine ofths
mgvmmrmafthemwzsgifarzfwczppefiwtflmwt
f:zqmirypmrz:e&stbeta’:;riinsuchaaaae.if}1i.-3

E
E
a:

2

X
E
L3:

3

§
3
3?

Q
g
E
E
E
E
z
g
g
E
L»
3
E
2
5
.3
2
E
2
E
E
E
3
$
E
£9
SE
E
E
E
E
3:

E
E
E
E
E
3

CEEEEECE” E3?” mflmmmmm MEEEHM mm 3, ‘VA V ,1

la/

fii3§.W”%”‘ K}? KA%NA¥fiK& HEGH COURZ?” K&flNfi«”fAKfi Hfififi-“E €03??? QF fi€fiRNA”TM(A Hfififi 95%;’? QF KAfl¥°viA”£AKA Hlfifi COURT 0? KARNATAKA HIGH COW

293

atnvztentfian, tlwrefam, @5130 be wztbzraut
substwwe. Rm£mfi% wmméT

mm fir the appeflamt. put Ibrwéiifiv
aflemczfive argumem, am. that 3. 2.33
itwyacwsststs aftwo %me stagegs _ V
wan sec-fimzsawzmasvcazawrc
the «rather mawagfiam émci

to Samba 32-48. We

with this argument the
enmment cyf §51;;4.._% by ” cf the
atnenwnent 4- of
mar wm mm mm

1:%;:wnz~ L w_;*ore’::; * the man. This
irfieni wndpwpase af
‘wjnsem czflrial’ by

mg kg of 1955 which cm saw appear

V _bti}:22r§2bc$5ez:>}’ 1393 o-:-tune mrsmzsanuemanms

” grade 2»§e;m:«ehe an of 2955 $0 the axle. Thus, if
‘::za fa:.q; aeginsa: zzmaage, it cannot besaicwm
” Iysmeabgs starting with &a::ticm 251…;

. 2(§)afthe ®&~ Fmtherrrzare, it wezdd
fippeavr am the amenctme-tfi of 1955 in fact

atnwjfiedfiseavwrepmsdzwejwavaiafwanwfi
mm by a WWW by 3% WNW the
Jléawrmatrssemrdmgéeuidermebfimfiwfirwaf
flmfima’gar flw%md Aiftfmthe
hag.-§:wsta:z£to&.%wa$to%.3s3®!zimsa*I)”E?i&
flm smfimdmh.Sm’mnI73m&mm

ls’/’

E82;

fimmam me accuses? and gram mat not been
mm, in mm am the as-cwnems srmw
fimwed mm: the Maafismzte
cor:s£de::mm of the mnents mjémci’
saw: 173 only and wtthortd %
araidmme was to ezawréne
cmmfifired twee.-wary, wad
parties pocw aha! ”

smzpamea the
0}’ 1955, which 1.»? m§r;:: we came in
am 238 as mm
be
is, the my:-uwm
LAfi$!aeV-gtnaeefirzgéamawtmflnwmaiaflmi
the Code genemfly cgppeams to be
‘;t3Fn:£1 “‘;e£ae1mvar an iziquiry is held; evi&nae or
T’ m he wanted by was amt, hefime
ms, therejbne, &m
ta mm an t?wp munwgfzam
swan 251-A in me praufimzs am and sew:
238£2zt.heC9deaf19?3, aanozamamman
bwrymaabxfianwwfimflestmfltmafatdai
atrzigiflway. Ccnrztraaed wfih tiw pmaedxme which
prexmified wér the {flocfi cg’ 1898, prior to the
amgrxcfzw cf 1955; time was expmssp:z:na’.§arz
farm.-mreiragefeviz&’awbefi37e2Ixc}urgeandthat

V..i:;.%,%* wmmkmaam I-mam uuux: wr Mmwmnmn. mun uuum ur Mmmammaa. mm:-a m..mm U!’ mmramalmma

Q
E
Q
3
E
§
Q
2
X
§
:53
9
§
3
$
Q

RX”

ifitfifi”? fig %fifi.Nfi£§’fiKA WW»?-i C0iJRf§,’3?:Kfia§¥NA’?fiK& NEQH cmm” W?’ KfiL%NA’§'”flKfi i»~«i§Ge%~¢= éf;Z:%7§33jfi? Q?’ Kfikwflwmm mun \..uun:- ur m-m…mn….

393

procedure %uf2te&_; zzxrwwmed to an fiqzaizy
wMwmwmwmmwWdmflw of

mssm: mneaayme mm. Fiiarthesae mus,
menefm-e, we are msgsecs mm the j _
sia:flr@w££hSew’m1238 ofthe (fade %
zflstzharge :::rfram:’ng afcharges V’ A
at 240 axnama: in a trial. zine “£3:

does mt mm an a plain cg”

Zanguage of Seaczifiaris wtc£V’§3§L_;*a9§ait.§f: memvflm’:

was as sectizm 351-A””‘wi¢Ser.:.h$’ 9}” .1898 as

34. A fawn judgments
make it clam ‘*5 cause the queatian
which a1*9sa”f9_r” :;unai§i2§?ia{:E6ri’was not abnut whats the am

cenzmamcgae fiacundly that is 3. judmmt

:’ .~’}§1«:3»*<".'5Fr1. '£ui£iEsar""t13't*5 yrs'-r of the Cr1mmal' * Procadtzra code

at in 'EC. Sharia': use the Apm: C.eu:rt

1 V éireaefly ciwl with the qtzmtiaxza whim mail}!
~ in an waxramt case. 'the Apex {mart éseait
1' 3;éfm:;a qumian. with ratemmee tn tho ('irfininal mmdum

% 1393 was mmamam: tn the same by snnmucing

2515, the poaitim may I955 as nmmtieci by fieizsti-ma.

2519; and time pmvisinus cf fiectim 2253. tax: 254 max the (Jade.

R has imm catwricafiy smte& that the graeeefinga starting

x
3%
£
§
E
E
gs
§
§
§»
%
C.§
3*’:

§?%’*§§%RNATAKA HIGH GQUR5 Ur Rflkmfllmnn nlwua ………’. ….

km

from aectinn 25m in the prwiaus Cede amé. 699123.011 235 in 1:13»
Code of 1’3′?3 do not ammznt to m eatxqtxiry at. all to
tha starting of a trial mfiwtmw. the

prasoeanre which pnrewzilei Imda: the C-was of

ammdmmt af 1955, ‘thezre was tabfitéaa

at mridemze before the aha:-Tgfi A’ J

amuuntad 12:: an enquiry hnfiaé {V115
amanamm of 1955:; 1:3? Code. The
praceachg the Cede inchzdizlg
any diaehasegig’ Section: 239 at 240
amountiiéx 238 of the coax: expressly
ease instilzlzted an E paling
:*ep~:;rt, fl1eV er iu ‘brought, befaare a Mafintrate

aft: the “gr tbs t:ria1,t1:1e mgmm shall. aedifiy

camplivaci with the prrwisiona at seafinrn

‘ coxxxmmcement of the: trial’ ” in the siarmairl

at rest ma aim-e-maxi’ cautxtravmsy a held by the

35,, This Apex Cazsurt fiaalingwiththewvard “um” hand. in
Sactinn 494 3f the C:’rm.ina1 Prcrcedura Cede, 1898 in than new
of!’HEfi?l’£’2’E$’flARvoR§.fl1EAR&.E’P$l’A.ND

flmI95?%38W hanheid :-

la/*¢

196

ussd trfnerigisnowsanwlzy wfmmthesewonis
amusedmmmrmfieaamflwcade,
shrrsulci smemmy be Ifrnfled a: mar »

and siggicance. may are wards
eovmdemd mun regard ta the Q ‘V V
andpwpose ofthas ; .’

R my also he rreermmrz t2nI:”f?:é”:ao:-ask”
and ‘trial’ were born defigwd of ‘1.*z.?2.V°
but that the defiswmwj. {.:;*;o’i’d ]~’t: §i¢’ was
ommm an the 1862 the
3898 snake the q;”§3§e ’14¥£1é?é– was
szigmy gm: “act-er am :1
via? ‘mesa
in firm with
mpmme to ‘was 9;’ csmms
arm word mquw
wa,;amw w.@%;mm taken m s. 494 nfzne
\\ ¢,,f’Azf2r*i.*=1ir=a2 $”§iiéédera’e£su:£deenau§1taao1aer
and hid! am am the wizard
has me hem used in angy

fififitaeci’ ‘

rssnawmg tbs afermd judmmt, the aupmme

% in the cam ef ‘ H as 32:.

mm cams @1999; a act: 6331 held as

EUR”? 0% mmmfim Wfififi $2:-%’:?駣fi”§ %jC?’F¥fiRNA¥ME£A HMWQ QQUM Ur Rflflmmlmnn rniwaa –….-……w. W. .u. ”V-‘ W.

mm’ 3? %§fiRN&?&%fi H36″ €0fiR’§,f3’AF j§(A§*€N&T%%& Wfififi mam’ W? WWNATAW %ClWfi.3R”E OI” Kflflmnannm niwnn MW”… ..

‘$3?

Wimntbestfxe ‘£r:)o£’}:eg’:zasfor¢:nofimae
wzd&rt?1eAci?1?:ewsrd”tr£a1″£sna£de1meda#h¢r
mfisezsaormflwmde. Hmseuer,£IIe Codehas

d the ma: pm: Inquiry as mum _
noted mm Seaiimt 2(9) of the Code whersela

word ‘inqu’ry’is ésfimd thus:

than :1 trial, d

‘me term ‘mar ‘ma
meaning to be giygad 9:: The
r£fi%rerwe % % at in :2

3?. asmsaaa two guagm-sum,
Jgxpfiaa fie wws, agreed with the said

. .PJl.R83’O’.l”!l’A.@fi8 PAIE

gems; 4 sec 542; am: held.

XX : ihemjm, the ward ‘trial’ in Semen 49 013359

pmmra Act. Qmisflm maxictedfirtsrprafmiansu
astcmueraafizfrepmiodajwrfiunfiagoftiae

112

inrfiwcebysuhjemngfl’semLset:£tap?:g;sica1
te.m.sofend::%,asbyerdeaz<2rhyaa:rz£:a:t

wait hisaccuser… B2 t?:ep:zx=e.ss ofheiug
testem. mm er petfimmd in the
tryingm-:estmg….* L" V

42. Vfhfiwfiffi “trial” is 45
trial has no fixed. at In
tried amxi trim} have ‘I319 to 9.
utageafbw the Inquiry. That A we went: in
theme sections. hflazvtngéreggrfi they are
used. ‘I’ha-re. is ha
limfttmi in They we warés
which must: he the partimlar cxmtcn
in which to the achmza and
“the cumsiderufi.ana. This word
j:%¢s’Eria:-tad meaiaungao as to include

the accuaetl in actuafiy arrayed before

camfietmi far frmaing ft!’ fiacing chmgmg ‘Shae Ia.-2.-gm

X _am;1«.: Zanly be prmmotad, 3 the wtml “¥:r1a1’ 5 in gvm s.

H the ward» emplayecl in a prtrsnncm’ ‘ m

A hie af mu mmm :23: cast éaubta 3.: tan the actual

13111531 they haw: to be intzmparetati ‘m the light of the

‘L ahjant af1 Wards, v&:i.c1e arxwxtxmwsnxmm, take

33%”? $3? W«%N&”W§K«£?3;-K fififimfl? }QT§”=_§§fiaWViA’IAl(A HIGH CQURI 12¢ Iinmmmammn nlum Mwwnu W9 ..ww.um.,-W. . ..

mimr frtmzz. the mutant” in which they are issued. The

u/

:<1mm* W?' §%fiNfiéWaKA H96" mmwfimm flfififi seam" OF WWW CQUW7 05" KRRNARAMR fliufl uuun: ur ~mnn.n..n

SE3

wnnumtion of that ward :::h% with the difiamae in whizth
tha bearm is anployed in at particulee pxvsésian v€v3*'£, .& I'II»fltI.3.t-3.

Hence, the izltwpmtation of theword

the purpme ef {Section 27 cf the Act.
used in Secticn 2′? ef the Act,

bad’ afinquary” . anti tr1a1′ A

not bases: usaa in my V

43. ‘E’heref::re; C-ommiaaitm am
the and nan-‘tunable
warrants? wVgxVf”‘VVV’a2hatge is without any
s11’t1ea”::as*2.cTe § V.’ argument groaaeda an the
tha Act in ‘:0 has tried only as

a éinfiuaam aarliu it. is meat as. It is 124: be

is tax be tried as a mmans cans. Gnly in
it is ta he tried as fl wmrant case mam thm the
” = flan tin nut hold any water in the am’ of the

pmzxaunsmamt sf the: Agaex Q9111-t.

44. Thwsimm, the argummiz that no 133119151 than ha

tieprived af his pawns} libwty accept aecmfijng ta prmseéure

wtablsished bylaw and as as pweedureia ymsmibacl imam’ the
Actfortrialafsaflenees xmfiw Sectimi 2’7(l) afthehetlmsrm

suimtance aftear inix-aéucfian sf mb–aer.:t:iaen {2} m” Sect-‘urm 2?.

-uuwu-urn’.

H5

punishment. Ctsrrvictiun without trial wmald amcrum; to
éaprivatian of tha pexscrnsl liberty cf a the
manning of Article 22, cf the Bonafinxfion. puz-a
rmtriction on my State to» me:-aaxzh
af a pwama save in accmfianne

thegoceciure prmmibezd in that buhnlf. ‘~ V’ ‘A ‘

by law mm the Axfiale 21 is undm*at§é%iV:”t9 rm-i;%

prescribed by the: 1:ag’s1atu1-a at’:

‘Jiithmzt prescribing the procetluxegnn’

at’ his pwnal liberty, physical

restraint of a. pussy’ pwmasa to

Bastian 2′? cfifi 3 scmtmce af

i.mp1’1sonm’ mt 3:ie atzuck dmm as

unccnsiitutinnghu the saié. ufimding

fixaés tbs ufiexxeeu unfiw the Act

mum ma cancltzémlin atzcotéaxme with the

c:ef”:’.fie Cr1:::m1a1′ ‘ Praacazhzra. It is in this’

{2} and {3} of Sectima 2′? was

of emmdmmt by the Paxtimatxt ::%-ring

tlm puwm ef a. Judicial Humane at I am

_ “finds ta try me ofimcas undw the Act Thmeinra, it

be said that no gmmadure it pxmczrihed and the

2mm’ CW K&?NAT&KA HRGH C0UFC§J.fi¥f_:KflfiNAYAKfi Hififi COURT 3? %&E%§%e,i£$uf§”fim%& W934 COURT” OF KARNA§”AW9a Hit-an Lumu ur nnmunu-mn ……..

praee&me prwnfiaé is rm: :1 pm-aefizre fibiiahezi by law.

QUR? Q? KfifiNfifiE’z;%?i&’§a Mfififi Cfitfifli? Q5′-Kfi.QNATAMA HSQH umm Ur lwmmnznaxn nmrn Mvwnn mama .m.m.Mm.

115

45. am: inxgmduaing sub-aectiqn (21 ma (3) to Bastian
27 vi tha Act, by 1:113 Gmsumw Pmtacticsazz Act,

awn, the Pm-iiammt has alas .2′?-A

prcw1dmg’ far apmals agams’ t the ax-tier

2′? oftheAct,,w1:tichrea.t1a as 3

“£75. Appeai
ketion 2*? ” ~

(z; xmw %?::!1’vgt:: t”JTav:its_:::=’.-*s:it=*’:_:_;’f’§~.:V€:évix M
the Codeafflrtiminai Pzncecnue, 1973.:.r2–<Sjf'V19?fIf,¥, % Q

{W the am:

mg the eraser the

3,, by the menu:

:23 % ‘as appeuzsma £9 to am

_ {;¥3’tfi;I”vLfi;\ a Ifiifiziti Fammor :1 Same
V * «k % ~ ‘~ % camrassm,

mpeaz zmaer this aaaztian men he

§mf€z%&i«zm’t}zi2zapsr£adofthiny¢msfiomt1w
m£::j*”w: arder czfa. Ialstritt Femrnmr ca 532%:
Cs:n:rdssim1ar;::zst?wc¢2se mgbg £.’ae%v’wuzl

118

auabain its vaiiclitzy to the extent possible. It ahoula suike down
the maument £331)’ whm it in net pcsa1″b1e to The

Cowzt 511-zmld mat agpruach ms mactmmt pick

bales 0:9.’ ta search fix defacts sf

CEEJR”? OF K&W’*%$3’J’§”;::’-§’§’?€”.s”<%. HEQW QQURT j€}'F=_K§&RMA1'AE(A HSGH CCJUKE Ur isnnmnunnn nun-a hwwlum V»

ixxmzactitude aflanguage emplayad. iaaecgi, af:.igh~: _t:'f *

érafimg' shnuldbe irmaed cm as pm gs k

the mlwtygwnamutienamy or the %g~;,jm

mafia by the Legéalatum rags tha ja1s:xp3§s and

must be plainly enaclrmmt is
declareti as in 1aw,tbnt my
smttue legistaum, be it by
tha Par§.® é~.-'at; n:* making azuthcrity, are

ct:nm:i1:utig1:;al 2 at' my atatuta ahmzld mm

Tkié' is ahvetys m favour at' be

mactzunxmt, and the hurdm is upon mm

E9: shaw man, there has been 3 mm
lot!' csanatitutioaaal principles. Furthga-,, while

_ % ins vamty of the law the Court will nnt mam
the p1ea&$ {If thfi State and wanld. be fme
V V " _' itaeifwhethw under any prosnisizm of '£339 Genstimficm

this law can he sustaitned, The: in exam' ta sizxtain the

pmsumptian of anmsfitufiaaaality the Court may take mm

es::nsi&m*s.t§an maxim'; af cammm knwmcige, maria': af

iutwrww-mum

I19

ccmmun report, tha histcry cf 'aha timm and may assume awn;-y
state cf facts which can: be wncévad mdsfing at the time
Iegialatim. The ruie mi' constmctinn. that if thus
gcvsaiszhan is suscmtihle or admits of ma
views than the am: which wouid promote
ahmxid be pa-aterraa on the w~ound;
prwuma-Li net; ta have intmaievd
juziudictiavn, is mbjwt tn the
whure two viama are sta5.:utory
language. Viewed made out
for striléng amm the

45. 12.; taapandmm mm: if the
prnntyaziurfs Cutie of Cnmmal’ ‘ Preoeadxxra is
j%V%%zm:e _for mgf ciflmcea untiu the Act, tlm my

Sactirm 2′? wmzld be &fi’ea:£:e:&. The

_ aw1’e;w.ve+:i’ ‘ asp-may rvmgedy. Ifaftm’eh%’ ‘

uwali his cifimrn, ‘fl the woman:

%%.%gss¢m5¢ Vfiném Curls in ta be ianowaa thwe wmalti be

éfiay inrealiaing the fruits affine: dvacraeforda’, and

H ‘ V ‘= _ ” tn dméai afreliefto the suacmful party.

ZQUW” (W K°.&RMATA%& Hififi C@U§.f “j§7»$<%; mwmmm Hififi CGUW" 4%?' %<e1Lé%§§ZN&"¥'&Kfi W6" €0UW;T OF Kfi"dRNAi"AKA fimvri Luum ur nnnnnmmn .m…..

4%. Thaufi 5:13: said at-gummt lamina atmvactive, am an

carfiui muminaiim, it Siam it iacim meristfi He dmxbtthis Act

:mm’ Q? Kfiflflfiffififi WGH C@§.,¥!Ef§7.A€§fli4′]: mmmmm H§G¥-13 CWQW’ gaikfia’

1?}:

C1im’ma1Prucedure,w1n’chiat11apro&wa11a:wofth;aca:u1try
iamaée wplimbla to thaeutautitiarequixfi fnrtrinlcf
ofiautcem Linda’ the flwt, to meat the oem.%ut:’:ma1raq|1ira:u1t >V

I . .31 . mun “ms _

am}: prccedure the my ptarpoae of tha
baths; regana it; in worthwhih tn W’. §-aux” “‘t
has said, about m a

mdmfiml’ ‘ liberty’ and state,

so. In the sf: Gasman AND’
u.sfls::~Ag”£« HTTARAHCHAL AND aims 12007

‘ _ 6 6″1?’9}…the Apex Caemrt has observwd as u.mie1’:-

.At’ ..–‘v”#9- cazameaz cozaitriss rm-e mmgwimd rm:
_.f:fb:g§:*Eyis£hemar;stpmcbus’afa.Ht?:e}nmmm!:r£g?£s.
. # 32:75,

nawrxmmmofttsemgusorwmmzaw

mm mm, Umzaersaz ma-wan sf Huzman
gsgraswxatrwaaemamuzaamrzmaarayamxa
.maaazR£gmsz9¢s5a2zspaakumthmw::a¢ee~
fi&@isflwImwwwhd fi§zaf%m
humc:n being. waxy, made 2; of our
praciaims that ran om aha}! be

raw» wusun ma» vane In

flfilfifi?

%”‘»%,M*”.&%& ¥**E§*C5~§*% ifI,@§.$RK€}?v._§K&%E%EA’KAK»& HEQM LJLJMKI Ur nmazmmnnnm nnmw: Mwwwumm W.

23:1

55: m power bang cfisc2m5arm_z; mm be
escearctsred fizmusly with extreme sane
swim The Ccrwtt should pmyerzy aazance
pemmz zmerry mm: mm mm _
wanmts. mm mm: he may A &
jbmuatafisr issuwzag of £13 5;. .’ V
mmrm3am1′ ‘ ofm afmmfi qfa
is ream: them in is ‘1:mn§:er’*:;f”c:£5§.ut§§i;;
emzeme ear is zsxesy ta pmo’ms%%ofIm,
is-suanae of @224 be
aumea: 1

em. ifvm ml: at tha impumad urdws

” Tm A we is suhstanee in the

V «sf tha p , andjnstificatima. fw-
ifiaurt, in View at’ the pmoceciure which is

g@~.ny%sona;vaa by the cfixions and Ferums. The amuse
§#éh”;E.pprehm1siaaia the twu cirmzlna issueti by the Sham

52. Twa miculars issued by the Ksgmataica State

Cansumer Reckwsal Facmm tinted 24.3.2095 and 26.19.2§£’35

mm m mmamm Haw cmmi..a;’::=§’_;=:aa=:;

‘£25

are: placed an rewrd. in the :m’mu3.ar taming Flo. 1112093-»£)4
dated 2-1.a.2c)o5 inxtrucfians are green haw

applicatéuna fileé mam Sueptions :25 and 3’5’ tn

issued tn theiudgment &.ebtc:r. au;m n§t%
appear before the cmmmm ‘urn as Qrhe A
dons nut me any £133 oréeer
paaaaci by the Fcrum, is tn he
issued pa-%;:e and
tha-aaftgr 2*: of mg Act.

E1 the 25. 10.21205, in replyta 4
query Forum omens:-y, aaeking
czaxifimaiag; go igiha pmcedure presmibed undm tbs

V’ «-.r;odfa€ 1:1: be fiuflmed while dealing with

Seetixm 25 and 2*: afthe Act, =3; has ham
ai’ the Fm-um aemnot: ‘he executed under

ofthehct and ifthe ccampmmmmwhhm ta avnilthe

:5*i’==-RW&T&§€fi\ WHZEW @®?:Lé:’é;E~¢§= %fi%Nfi’W4Kfi H35?! Cfifim” Q53 KARNATAKA nlurrl uuun: vr m«mu.~un…. M. n .

fiacficrn 2?, a ntm-bazilafbla warrant in ‘Ex: “ha iuuafi.
” through mm supmammaam at the District ear
‘4 h.ig}n* pofica ficrials mfi the judmaxxt fiehwx in tn be:
arrested and bx-oufit hates:-e the Farum wxi thaeafter cadets
amta he gsseci mafia’ Sazxfinn 27 oftb.eAct. Itwas made saw

that while mling with Eratemztizm Fatifivma, what is in he

be fiaalt with. It is amtad therein that,

is fiiwi undm Sectskms 25 at 2’7¥;a. “e2_ax:L’Asa.:_§i.»c3if5;f§é:V’i.V;a_L.fo A’

V..

‘:25

fofiwevd is aniy the prin=m’.§i$s ef mtxxral jxznfice and tha
prmadxzre prescrihvati andm” the Qmfia af Clfixsainai Frésedursa at

Civfi Prcseziuxe if-uéa amt’; E57; be fullmad.

53. Fmm the ammaa is ‘*

cieax that the state e ‘ ”

fiiahict Ciiommiasimn
mwutian. petiiicn !:£=.a:s–~ ,§s;;r§; ‘far vi the

urdem pawad by the ._ V they have tn $9 is in

l\.I’1l\!’naI’wI- aI’- ..-

Maw time Va; .51. yraaadure bafare

mrders ajué g?z%g.f the ma, Fuxthm-, it

catfiminaiiy undm the
(‘§nmma1’ ‘ E§*9t:ach1r3’ ‘:aj%;%:§e:j%se&:’§na misfly fcslluweé. mmsm,

none vi’ the Siafarirst as the Sim Fcrum hm

.fg;}1awed§%§&’~§z=wca§:iu:1*:a§’gm-fizamibefi under the Cuia af cmmaz

Lmém Sacfim 2′?'{2} ma {3} 91′ the

§m1.’:%a& owéa-aw Em whm the

V wmst tha carfia {sf the fiimim: Emma;

Stafca hm fimiawfi such a.p§m3a$

54. In View sf tha azzitmim isstmé. by mg gum

ma&g “fi aim that, ii is mt neemary its fzxllaw

Eiéwiixx o1= KARNATAKA HIGH coumpg mamnuwa fuun \.a\J\.Ji\3 \l!

“Eh: gawcaaura prmarsffiaa mam’ the Gefie in triai af afimcm

mafia’ the Act, 311 tha awéms wsmfi ifi these Writ

c-vwu—…

32′?

Petritiszma am waaati withszrut tbfiwing the prouadure pa-wm*1′?m:-ad
undm the Criminal Pru-cechzrs Crwle, 19%. the

cirmzmatancw, withrmt giving mm the merits

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