High Court Karnataka High Court

New Generation Apparels vs Union Of India on 12 March, 2008

Karnataka High Court
New Generation Apparels vs Union Of India on 12 March, 2008
Author: Ram Mohan Reddy
1...:

THE norrnm MR.    i ,

wan' I-n'.gm__o1 5 ..; __

NEW GENERATION ARPARELS  E '

28-E, PEENYA;INDLiS'Tl?£}AL-H;.:*.._ 1  .

AREA 11 P1iAs3E, '.BANGAL~.€)RE  53. 

REP      .

      PETITIONER

1 E'r1ioN.OEIm)L»{
5 "  REP'-m"ITs SECY
_ }.d_INIS'PR¥mQP-"TEXTILES
  A sgugea B1-!.A.VA1\!' Q
 DELHI - 110 011

" E 1    ' AEEECDND APPELLATEE-COMMITTEE

 ' '3FZ}V'ERNMENT  iN_DiA
 E. MINISTRY "OF .TE_XT_l_LES

'  EXPORTS-III SECTION"
UDYOG BHAVAN
NEW DELHI - 110 011
RE-P.BY ITS -JQINT SEER- ,ARY
8!. CHAIRMAN

3 APPARELEXPORT PROMOTION-'COUNCIL
10. RAiiE;_.__J'A-r3_HAiviBERS-- E E
12 MUSEUM ROAD, ; .- Arxk



E0

D A RIIIAI f\'[)Ii'
Dru! \.Il'1IJ\JI\l.'.l'G 1

REP.BY ITS JOINT DIRECTOR.

(BY SR1: N oavamss, Sr.CGSC-"FOR _
M KBOPAIAH, case Fo1~:a1-:21 f; ' 9     
[By Sri : K SACHINDRA KARANTH, ADV FOR R3 .9 y   _
THIS  :>m1T1oi.lN;9:}s.:9li1;*1LF;;o  5319:9955 993
AND 227 01? THE CONSTITUTION O1-HNIJIA FRAYING T0
games woe ANX.   Pageants? 2 AHD
THIS PETITIOIS, 'lecoiaiiie 9"o"Nli9o_;roR ORDERS. THIS
on THE comm MifiDE"I'¥HE sooyaougnuo: ~

_ __  _garment exporter when
  under the New Investors

  country category EU--6, 8, 340

  1§§'I6. in terms of the notification dated 22-

' .- IIUIHII -'.-.__......._ _ .,
9...; .-u*..k...;.9.;*. .~......... '..... ' '
 sii'::i-':'.l   maul" 5 11': the Ape} .'§'.x}:o:'t P:'J"...'}Gt'.0l1

 for short"). 'Bangalore, after a show cause

 _ _ ndece forfe_iting_ Rs.3.77,056/- by older dated 3-9-1997

it *  ilnmemue-"B", which when carried in appeal, the First

Appellate Committee by order dated 31-10-2000 Annexume-
"C", oonfirmed the order and dismissed the appeal which

M

.-- -- E<"fi'-:Si'a'.):'-§fo3_N'i':-3 "  



L.
3

s' - fie'. by emer dat... 30-712-2

§:

the 'Second i\ppeilate?C'o1nmitfee. i-lenee,--i:l*;ie'i «mi; .. 'V

2. Petition is opposed by  l

dated. -5-'.7-2r.ao4 of Reewaentg 1 "age 12_lend'..;Stateinent"0f

..1.:.... '........ .1...  ' '  ' .7
uu ~'ci nu uuted 2l..={}'-u=2'.¥.'4%..e£. ..-e.e;r.*r.de12t Me.-3. In the

Statement of ob-jecfions 'a_i'}.ne"* "j"-f;'l*'1t 116.} an 4, ' is _

contended eindiieieihing fmm india is
basal     into between
  _    of developed
 ihei°aeg_is of the erstwhile Mulfi Fibre-

  inter.nafional_ textile trade from

pine 3,rear.l1'~.)'?fl; l.T1ie  'Importing countries  referred

 « , _   'QI.=",_L eeu1J.ries_:" who have placed meetrainta on import

  tcnuw ea£gu..'...e "Q_....._a iteme" '.I:i*.....lfi" the

III.-..-.du
Ill!!!-

 n J uieebmmg into force of-the World Trade (imam. isafion we"-re)

ll *   1995, quantitative restrictions known as "Import quotas"

in the bilateral agieements were changed under the WTO
relating to'Ag;:e-ement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC). The

quotes also known as export entitlements are 

UK



urnnnflnt -nnfljui uni g_x-[V1-r-far'-3' far  

was-J IoII-'I-I I-I\J'C Inna

aiiocaiion of quotas is i'rni"mu}atr:c': so   'ts.-. 

export revenue in the economic   1. it is t ' --

stated that in furthemzncecf. the  'ailn. the  ct'
India framed policies from' to time  ugxpoft
Entitlement (Quota};::4'Pcfioieo';§:_    quotas are
mainly done under__    in case of

Ieadymade" genjiente: 
    Olét' past performance of the

V _A  node: the Past Perfonnance entitiement

_ 4' {P?E_i; .c__ V   .,

 "1S%..tiuo"tatb:ased on new investments made for

'  modemizafion of machinery under the New

--e4VA'i3:.vestors Eniitiement EM"). to eiicoiirage

eeetanente 111. mdustzy;

 E? 'L

 .0} 35% under Non---quota export (NOE) entitlement to
«V encourage diversification of exports in non--quott-1

muntnes;

d) 10% on First Come First Sexve (FCF-S) to provide

equal opportunities to ali exporters on 'basis 0'' iiagn \

'I l'._'I..

v 'e Realisairion. 



(31

The fisinirig of 'wlieies, it is m=1......'...r|, is. in of igugrfiwer

conferred under Section 5 of the Foreign  {De-i.iel,.}:-Inen- "

and Regulation) Act, 1992 (No.2? of1?99i23t}  F

Appendix-I Schedule-2 of»iT{_3 (HiS)_v.i(1lassifieo;stioni' 
and Import: published  it
is further stated    tlie policy, an
Apparel Expolt  s%ill(AEPe) headed by
Director    .. (luota Administering
    responsible for
     The availability of
quot' it it is  the demand and in  of

the xestzieted 'vavsil-emility. commands a  Major

  garments being the quota countries, it is

V "   ensure quotas are fully utilised and are not

   go waste due to speculative trading by

iunsertipulous elements and therefore, the policy envisages

it I '»uti.'.i%.Lo.. -1' Le quota by 30"' September of the relevant

year and failure m do so;  exporter is required to

surrender the q"ota 'Md seek n-,vs1_id.etion of unutilised

quota allocated in the categoiies. in the sex' and

gjég



{III

prof.-edm as laid down in the p..nLe},r. -ef quota

beyond 30*' September and 'Tun  "

relevant year is in the form of};  ofap 

deposit receipt or Demand  the  
till the year 2000. star   of EMD
by a letter of ~-datettteheegues. The
condition   an exporter who
exports    of entitlement, its EMD
shall    of utilisation upto 75% of
   in 9--.. of slow moving
it:-.n*:s.:    pioportio" to the shortfall of

12'

Vu_tj]:izat:ic.-n."  S  is aggrieved by any outer ox

'im:;;gime,p  an appeal to the F'i;rst Appellate

'   'V  and thereafter to a Second Appellate Comxnittee.

 ' 3}' 'T'i1e.Statement-of o'o_jeotions of the £'r~ res"-_*nden.

 x   almost identical contentions as am advanced by

* . fiaespondent Nos.1 85 2 in their Statement of objections. 'In

addition. it is oontended that the exporter having taken the
benefit of the gannent export. entitlement policy, sought for

extension of time by fu1_'nish1'ng a bank  and having

ink



 to esrport "ar'"°ats in re"-' "V *'"' .'7'1V'_."'***uV_"'*--.'."£-""=.'--i.'_"

cannot be  to appmbate and   is e 

that the petitioner is estopped   :'no"---

amount could be forfeited.'     file §§'¢
respondent is that the     relevant

matexial in support

4. Leone ed pefifioner advances the
fin-llowm’ . i

_ ____ Ha) :t__1ie for forfeiture of the
eaifxlestiiioiaeyf ‘(a1epoeit,___i11_ entirety. for exports less than
7:’5%a’11ci Vp1’oporiion§ii.*;4:’ibii””‘r’*e r “””‘i”” ‘oetmeen ‘3’.’5%

ane s:;~.~s.ses+.r.~… En’*1P- .1I.t(NIE-i ‘

» e.unreasso1_i-able. ‘

appeiiate authority feii in error in riot

:5’:-1.:-u_1-It-U|.u.~I5’I’l:rIVIr nunflnnnn

V 1.51 u.Uhu.|.uu1..u.n.IJ |aVl\:I\rl.|\.n..r

‘ support of the claim of foroe-majeure, while

ibrteiture of the EMU.

c] that the petitioner having exported garments uptao
62.25% of the export entitlement. the non performance. Was

‘of d” to but for masons bewnd its m.,..n…..l

fll

{W

…} .11: e.:=.=.rlie. c1.eei_i_n_ in appeals invoivinfg .i§le1_1t1ea1

issues and identical set of facts, the gnthgarag-my’
acoepted the claim of tome-ma,je*a1e»,.oannot 4iefi1se”to:~ao1epte.

the petitioner’s claim of fome–majeuIe in of

this case.

5. Per ec.*n*.:*<.-:.,;_. G.L. Rawal
for 'Respof|""t P€o§3.V'u .;.l\1'V'V:"'9!-_H.'i.'.'»1|l.€ challenge to the
policy is as the ['§u'i"1'I.':6""iS
the gubta allotted to it
the for Ievalidation of
tl1e__..t__l:;e period, by filing an application in
the "X11 to the policy, and a Bank

the proforma Annexme-VI to the policy.

to the learned Senior counsel. in terms of the

we… fI.I.1_!y of the eonsequenoes of

i'""u':'""t'""' '*1' Bank "tzaraneee on jail-.:re to

T gannents upto 90% but not iess 75%, and

3 = jfiaitfeitlxle in full if less than 75%. Petitioner having accepted

the terms of Ievalzidation. it is a11;ued._ cannot be heard to
contend that the in so far as it Ieiates to forfeiture is

either irrational or unreasonable. Learned Senior counsel
R

PM

£13

.l'.'_-,_A.'Ih

mrmer oontends th

E?

E
t:

nwnt-*_….-n V~.e-.-_e:~e_the

vaiiflity of the policy, when «onset “of’\’~–

GOKALDAS IMAGES umEnvs,.’umorqe iotrxnxaoga.’ V

learned Single Judge of the of
plea in the decision me 347 (DEC).
Learned Senior contends that the
petitioner constituting
enbetnntiel force-majeure, the
rejetsted. the said plea.

magitee ‘!_1’4i’e~s,i:’ 5…..,”a..—– ~,~.e.;..; 1- .._.;..g ..m:+……
o_”_ the export eniitiement. the

sruthoxitieo’ in directing forfeiture of the

‘out of the bank guarantee. in full.

A ffiii. Devaairee. learned Senior mane:-.1 fir

“”«Ree1ion,ti’ente 1 Be 2 contends petitioner having.

x an allotment of a quota to export garments unfler

” the policy, without questioning the terms and conditions of

invalidation, cannot be permitted to approbate and Ieprobate
by calling in question the policy that too. after short export

of garments. Aooording to the Senior counsel, quota

M

5…:

CD

for expofi of 3*”! eats 6i”_:% %t*..:-;-‘.. m an_.r.;i_t”1’,-

E;

‘-…__.n.:

presumed that the exporter wouitiAApdischeI1§e»– am

‘i

export garments to fulfill the toiw
esnsure such oompl_iance.,9th.e
of me amounts from out stated
therein cannot vflas either or
unreasonable to. add that
gs;-me-.t quotas
the pom is to
threw; ==.:r~..–….:e-Lag to t..e 1-.-.a_m.-:_~
seam; its ‘pwvide for

fotfeituie of the guarantee,_. soas to ensure fuii and

of the quota and that is precisely what

V ” VA

‘ 7 “Having heani the iearned oounsei for the ‘parties.

at the pleadings. there can he no more dispute that in

V ” of the ‘Policy’. the petitioner applied for and

allotment of quotas to export _gam_1en_ts and to-
do so within the time specified. -sought for and

obtained Ievalidation of the gt__1otas.’_de_sp_ite whic_h- the_q§1¢3tas –

M

,L…

vu ~-

pa
p-I

remained ne m nenewrfenraenee ‘.’.i’5

obligation, in its entirety, despite the –«-f°-..

time. and in terms of the ‘issi1ed’~.._ V

notice calling upon the petitionef as nfhy
action should not be out of
bank guarantee, to the petitioner.
The AEPC. not ‘t11e._’fexplanafion ofieived.

tlorfeited 1a:s;3″j;7?,o5e;c;. fin-In ‘ef___the amounts in the bank

§nai~antee,–j_ 849-“1997 .A._!1_exLme-“B”. This
older befere the F-Jxet .A.ppeLe.1.r..–
committee, Vw§’e._li’eqn.finned by order dated 31-1e–2e-oe

A11. KI i,,,j’~t(_’,”V,’v–_ the Second Appellate Committee

the ‘1’»etitioneI’s appeal by order dated 30-12-2003

‘ In the admitted noticed supra; the “””t:ions

_ fo’r-clecision making are,

at whether the challenge to me in so far as it
relates to forfeiture,_ for non-fulfillment of the export
obligation within the time stipulated, is

sustainable?

pg:

10

b) whether the :”‘u’f’-;PC«__a.”P:.{‘. Apmllate

juetified in_1ejecting the peuuonexis er

majeure. while dismisefin’g’t11e V’

9. inn’ fut unjr, fl’1″, of the

to the petitioner was at _.oi’=the ttho
filed an application’ to garruents for the
balance of the quge t stipulated, and
voluntari1_-g. interalia.

oovena.1nt:i1tg-., to fulfill the export

obligafiong; “in be subject to torfeiture

_.1.Va.1_ee 4’_1″”Tl_1’e’ petitioner consciously agreed to

the $12′-:r.e. of .t.’1:_”fe_rfei..:.*r; t1I.=.=.- if it e.tq_K_vrt1__:d garments

beyond H 9L”r”:ri: _ of the export en’-:i”‘ment, after

–» _1Vevo;lide~.t:;its11_, it would be liable forfeiture

75%, forfeiture would be in full, from out of

in the Bank guarantee, The consent of the

‘A : 4_pefit1’.oner to be subjected to the terms of the policy. relating

forfeiture in the event of failure to fulfill the export

entitlement. in the czimumtanee cannot be permitted to
appmh-at.. a__ _,probete nor assume inconsistent positions.

36 ‘*’w ha’v’i’.1g been ‘.:1:e’.1_-‘~%..’=..at’-… 1°_r-. t1n._. .p1,:Ie-ate before the

ML

L) \

pa
(:3

First and ‘Second fipwiiate nit.-gees, axe _z§.isen~;;tlea–g.;m

questioning the validity of the forffeiture ciause: intiieaég-c@cyo’. ”

10: _h_.. —

i1′–fi.-;….1 and u’.:maso:=..-at.-ie:’L:’;:a:%»t..-.’ci, beyontl
of considexatioial i it mliw of
allotting quotas is foieifyi
exchange, is the county anti as
a iuiider the quota allocated

is itiisl object of maximising

the policy provides a clause for .

tbxfoituuje. _ The Government entitled to formulate a

on precise tithing and “manner of

J…J..’…..

‘ 2 , i:’uf:1en1e12_ u n ‘*ft}1-a quota to achieve 9. mm –_ nr bjcctive,

in ‘me matters ‘ff ‘o”‘-‘tar-.131 tafaée, in my

opinion; being peculiar in its nature. the Governme”t W”

. , utelliiwithin its rights to pmvide for forfeiture and therefore,

V’ ‘ — cannot be termed as either irrational or unconstitutional. It

must be borne in mind that there must be free play with the
Government in matters of economic policies which are not
subject to judicial review, unless demonstrated to be

M

\

14

contrary to statutory provisions or the Oonetitut:’.on;.j’ fit’ is

weh e.e..t!…. law that eoI.1_rt..s_:, in exercise

are equipped to adjutiieute at-»:-erg;

court, no–doubt has a of
a decision, no ‘ie :4 Vtundamental
rights are not to the extent
P°11l1iss1’b}e ‘ . x V ‘

____ H citfzumstanoes. n iearneci Single
Jutige__ of GOKALDAS IMAGES

L1MI’:EDtt INDIA in W.P.No.8539]2_003 and

foonnectedf %writ. iretitiona, by order dated 12-03-2003,

. –. A ~t§_l1e that the policy prov1d1n’ ‘ g for forfeiture

‘V of penalty for non-fulfillment of the obligation

A unt}.er_ “the 9%.. qu..t.. ct.-1-I…..I|d be _.@enged_ byan exporter

wi:o7-“” had th” B”-fit of_a policy. fo%wLng. the r..1eoi_eio__ _f

t v __ the Apex Court in the ease of PTR (Medias) Pvt. Ltxl.

and Others. Va. Union of india and Othem -reporter’! in AFR –

1996 SC 3461, in the matter of interlierenee by writ courts

– \ I
with policy matters, by observing thus: ‘

[mm
(L?!

“4. An has no nested Iighfia _»_

export or import licences in terms of ”

force at the date of his V

obvious reasons. gruntinfgz _
upon the policy prevailing oft date 5*.’ * V
ofthe finance or «fie; V 3-

way be in a As’;-e*.!.er ;- overall
pictune of mass the pennit or refuse
to grant goods.

eEé.’oisiow1;:” wquze be taken from
_;:e;):g’p’ 5 whit}: the
is ira ii.:.’izeiierr prrar’i’fi’o”i “i:ru’ess’,

st’.-‘fled the re.g,h.4-s-Lia! is nu1_la,fide

as is st: tins power in which event it is for

plead and prove to the
sii:’isjo>z:!ion”‘oj’A Court that the refusal was

‘ 5 flwiateéi above factors.

P.’ as–owd, *.’he.-r.-:;.*’:.-r.-2, !.u..= d..–a.r -ha..! of .

depends upon the policy prevaifirtg as on

as date of the grant of the licence. The Court,

therefore, would not bind the Government with a
policy whidz was existing on the date of
appifanfion as per A prior
ciecision woe.-id no! the C-Lrzternrzgent for all
times to come. When the Govemment are %
satisfied that change in the policy was nsasssasy “%

M

I

‘: -511:»-111:2 ll fl ‘

um bu .5…-…mu
:___. nolicy lay new poh’ql,l.-. T
therefime, would prefer tojdflau-. fiige A
Government to evolve in 1;:

interest and to ad amp agitate.

Government is iefi fiée. aetenn ine hgznorstierh in

-u. ‘ ~.

Av-Anon» -.

4′ n .. *
um I Gala l’7JlV_i”-ii.’-IaI’g=U.”-WI -»_Gl”I I’3I”.uvu’..~.~.nru-v.:.-*s.ru.u5 G’?

h:-‘zi._hfi__- h.«:.;;hhuc interest. It

or ?'”*d?3’i¢1 the at % W0″ policy in
1i)”u?’1::’_12.”‘”l«Q.8(‘..}labfi’f’lf.¥ evolved. . . .”

1.-5;’ u ‘fluun U1 3. Lcanuuu uhufi uu up G;

the pfjDe_ih:h¢%ih Goicaidas images Limimi supra,

‘ ‘in AI’ Inn.’-n-u.n.:-I ‘ ah. In livdnn {:

2007(7)””SIfR .3e:7A(oEe)% took the View that garment export h

‘its nature on account of quotas being

V country. the Government was well within

iiis formulate a policy for full and maximum

uhfishhhn of the quota which cannot be interfered with.

AA ‘ “I:iAavVisng read the entire text of the judgment. I fmd no good

fifl

-4

13 “”*=- ela-Lee e1’e.:”.-lee-mm n+’fi~zee-:.n_e.je!3i*e; evenciitie

‘In Q9

based on iaie Ieeeipt ‘f “”bx–i€s ri”e in h”_”*5*

in_ Tamil Nadu. Aithough tho i;’neV..

petitioner contend that fi1%”~.___ not
consider the 1’-aotum of poeogumme of fabric
from Chennai, the tlxeitrevnsport strike
during the third not impressed by
that subngieeipii. -export entitlement

was -4; upto 31-12-1996 to

“‘r”.””‘fs’e The mntentien t..L-_ there
waeheavy of Nada ‘6″ “hieh the

man um onuers ~o1″the«..£obxio were unable to cieiiver goods on

does a ‘i1et…..:31ean that the downpour was over a

‘ ” of several days and months. It was for

i’ . h “the to have made necessary arrangements in its

taking into consideration the yearly phenomena of

AA rains in coastal Tamil Nadu during the months of

e.__..r n d December ensure receipt of fabrics well

I

b”far-‘ th-= *-‘*or.%r. m wmply ‘.-.*it.. the exp-J,-rt ehligelie-ni

1 . Accordirtg w the learned. comn..e1,_..’t3e1;tZ-ioI;er

placed Ieiiance upon newspaper cutfififis “%{§}~du’

the relevant purchase indents

receipt of the fabrics was d.ue_ or
the petitioner. An of of
Committees diselonen. toe material on
record. In fact. the observed that
the 2 of meteorological
on that the petitioner had
ii’.lW%’.'””n+”” and Salem; In
odtiition, tit what is piibiifiied to the

by “V-the-._il’Vieteo1ological Department that

on 1o*h”Deeembe1′, eoitnbotote and Salem did hardly

‘ .i’ains although some parts of Tamil Nadu like –

heavy rains. Thus. in the opinion of

itiztet Appellate Committee. it did not constitute a force-

* ‘ ~mnieI II: condition. The Second Appellate committee. in its

order Annex-.:.**e.-“.13″ Am a._m_eed the on record and

B

connrmeu l].IlS;lii”lfi” ‘ft1.|” }’t’irst Afipeliate …cme\.ittee. .-

M

KJ \

15. .he plea ..f .._:I._po1’I.2.ers.I’ !_1t_Iil§§ last

week of {‘:ec:ember, 1996 m”st

admittedly. the manufacture of’ _ ‘*”d V

transported only during i’199’7.1 iotiilefg
the manufactured goods the
of December 1996» it

16. of that the in
map? t .0-*5 morennc vvnen nu e-nae’ tum ‘ into

1997 which aspect of the

bmught to the notice of the ‘First –

the Second

tires not considemtion is without merit since the

‘ teeonsiderat1orn’ .

A tact finding authorities having recorded a

it the material on record was not satisfactory proof

it ‘ of eicistenoe of fame-majeure oondition so as to entitle the

ftiefifioher to the benefit of waiver of the forfeiture. in my

winter. %’i:=.e-t be …v;e-.=-zed. in exe1t_2i__ -1′-e;:t:ra–o;dinar_y writ

This Court, exercising writ jurisdiction. is fézfat as’ .a

court of appeal to re-appreciate entire’

contention of the leamed ccuiigsele

necessarily fail.

18. The last extended by

the authorities in identicaii in pm-decided

de15encisnt.iVj1ipo:ti:factsjaf eacii case. based on (iocum
evidence to estnbiish~ existence of such conditions. It is

:in’.’otiiefcnses the authority may have extended

txasextiioflrelevant documents in support of the plea

‘ kt es The decision to extend the benefit of the

being dependant upon the facts and

hrnna urifhnt An I
e’ V-nun

cizeuznstances and record in a particular case, it

ideniicai, have appiicaiion. M

4.. .:.’…….’….;..-I” ‘ -.
in uxnuumwguu ~

«Id

KS