>
Title: Shri Yogi Aditya Nath called the attention of the Minister of Health and Family Welfare to the situation arising out of spread of Encephalitis in the country and steps taken by the Government in regard thereto.
योगी आदित्यनाथ (गोरखपुर) : उपाध्यक्ष जी, मैं स्वास्थ्य और परिवार कल्याण मंत्री का ध्यान अविलम्बनीय लोक महत्व के निम्न विषय की ओर दिलाता हूं और प्रार्थना करता हूं कि वह इस संबंध में वक्तव्य दें :
“देश में एनसेफलाइटिस के फैलने से उत्पन्न स्थिति तथा
इस संबंध में सरकार द्वारा उठाए गए कदम।”
THE MINISTER OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE (DR. ANBUMANI RAMADOSS): Sir, this is a lengthy statement. If you permit, I will lay it on the Table of the House.
MR. DEPUTY-SPEAKER: Yes.
DR. ANBUMANI RAMADOSS: I lay the statement on the Table of the House.
Brain Fever due to Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is caused by a virus and is transmitted through mosquitoes. The main reservoirs of the JE virus are pigs and water birds and in its natural cycle, virus is maintained in these animals. Man is an accidental host and does not play role in JE transmission.
* Laid on the Table and also placed in library. See No. LT – 7403/07
Japanese Encephalitis is an outbreak prone viral infection having cyclic trend and seasonality. Children below 15 years are mostly affected. As per reports received from State health authorities, during the year 2006, 2842 cases and 658 deaths due to suspected JE were reported from 10 States in the country. State-wise cases and deaths during the last three years are given at Annexure-I.
While there is no specific treatment for this disease, early symptomatic management is important. In case of JE and other viral encephalitis, the management of the critically ill children is directed at minimizing risk of deaths and complications. However, for prevention of the disease, various public health measures such as control of mosquitoes, protection from mosquito bites by using mosquito net, protective clothing and keeping the pig-animal reservoir of JE away from human dwelling are advocated.
JE vaccination campaign was initiated by Government of India during 2006 with an aim to vaccinate children between 1-15 year of age in all JE endemic districts of the country. During 2006, JE vaccination was carried out in eleven districts of four States. These districts were -Kushinagar, Deoria, Maharajganj, Lakhimpur Kheri and Gorakhpur, Siddharta Nagar & Sant Kabir Nagar of Uttar Pradesh, Dibrugarh & Sibsagar of Assam, Bellary of Karnataka & Burdwan district of West Bengal.
A total of 13.5 million doses of JE vaccine (SA 14-14-2) were imported from Chengdu Institute of Bilogical Products, China in 2006 for the JE campaign. A total of 9.3 million children (88.39% coverage) between 1-15 year of age were vaccinated. District-wise vaccine coverage report is given at Annexure-II. Now, this vaccine has been introduced in Routine Immunization in the campaign districts to cover the new birth cohorts.
In 2007, 28 additional JE endemic districts of 10 States in the country have been targeted for JE vaccination. These are: Jorhat and Golaghat in Assam; Karnal and Kurukshestra in Haryana; Birbhum in West Bengal; Behraich, Balrampur, Barabanki, Basti, Bonda, Mau, Rai Barely, Saharanpur, Sitapur and Shravasti in Uttar Pradesh; Amravati, Nagpur (Rural) and Bhandara in Maharashtra; Raichur and Kollar in Karnataka; Cuddalore, Villupura, and Virudh Nagar in Tamil Nadu; Warangle in Andhra Pradesh; Allepy in Kerala; and Muzaffarpur and Champaran in Bihar. 21.33 million doses of live attenuated JE vaccine SA 14-14-2 have been imported from Chengdu Institute of Biological Products, China.
Till date, the campaign has been successfully completed in Assam, Haryana, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu with 93, 88, 75, 97, 80, 57, 87 and 98 percentage coverage respectively. District-wise vaccine coverage report is given at Annexure-III.
Government of India also provides need-based assistance to the States and technical support for outbreak investigations and control such as:
> Essential medicines and consumables to manage JE cases.
> Medical equipment i.e. Ventilators and ELISA reader
> JE diagnostic kits
> Mosquito bed nets for personal protection
> Malathion (Technical) and hand operated fogging machines
> Mosquito bed nets and Synthetic Pyrethroid-insecticide liquid for impregnation of bed nets
> Larvicides for control of mosquito breeding
The supplies as detailed in Annexure-IV is being provided by Government of India to Uttar Pradesh.
Following action was undertaken by Dte. Of NVBDCP for the prevention and control of JE in Uttar Pradesh during 2006:
• National Consultation Meeting on JE was held on 21-22 March, 2006 to revise the control strategies for prevention and control JE.
• Guidelines for prevention and control of JE and advisories were sent to the States on 28 April, 2006.
• Training course for Clinicians/Medical Officers for UP was organized on 12-13 June 2006 at BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur to improve the skills of peripheral doctors in case management and prevention and control of JE. 34 Clinicians from various JE endemic districts have been trained.
• Vector Borne Disease Surveillance Centre at BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, UP has been established.
• Government of India lunched a JE vaccination programme with live attenuated SA-14-14-2 vaccine for children between 1 and 15 years of age in 7 districts in Uttar Pradesh.
1. A Sub Office of Regional Office of Health & Family Welfare, Lucknow has been established at Gorakhpur, UP for intensive monitoring of situation & for providing technical assistance to the State Government on prevention and control of JE.
2. A National workshop on surveillance of Acute Encephalitis syndrome (AES) Japanese Encephalitis (JE) was held in Delhi on March 20-21, 2007
3. A State level workshop on surveillance of AES/JE was held in Bangalore(Karnataka) on 26-27 March, 2007.
4. A meeting of experts under the chairmanship of Dr. Shiv Lai, Addl. Director General & Director, National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) was held in New Delhi on 3.05.2007 to discuss surveillance programme for JE in Eastern UP.
5. Another meeting was held in Delhi on 05.07.2007 under chairmanship of Dr. Shiv Lai, Addl. DG & Director NICD to discuss surveillance programme for JE in Eastern UP.
6. Multidisciplinary Central teams comprising of neurologist, epidemiologist, microbiologist and entomologist have been visiting the districts since August, 2007.
7. A meeting of experts to discuss the WHO support for strengthening of surveillance and laboratory services was held in Delhi under chairmanship of Director, NVBDCP in August, 2007.
8. Additional DG & Director, NICD is regularly reviewing the JE situation in Uttar Pradesh by convening the meetings of all the concerned officials/experts.
9. Rapid Response Teams have been constituted in all the JE endemic districts.