IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
Dated: 03/12/2004
Coram
The Honourable Mr. Justice V. KANAGARAJ
W.P. No.9745 of 1997 and W.P.No. 9746 of 1997
and
W.M.P.No. 15507 of 1997
Shriram General Finance
-(P) Limited,
rep. by its Director ... Petitioner in both W.Ps.
-Vs-
The Regional Provident
Fund Commissioner,
No.20, Royapettah High Road,
Madras 600 014. ... Respondent in both W.Ps.
Petitions under Article 226 of The Constitution of India,
praying to issue a writ of certiorari and writ of certiorarified mandamus
respectively.
For Petitioner : Mr. Manohar Gupta
For Respondents : Mr. K. Gunasekar
:COMMON ORDER
W.P. No.9745 of 1997 has been filed praying to issue a writ
of certiorari, to call for the records and quash the order bearing Ref.TN/19
904/SDC-2/97 dated 12.6.1997 on the file of the respondent.
2. W.P. No.9746 of 1997 has been filed praying to issue a
writ of certiorarified mandamus, to call for the records and quash the order
bearing Reference No.D 5/TN/MS/19904-A/REGL/95 dated 16.10.1995 on the file of
the respondent and consequently direct the respondent to treat the petitioner
as an independent establishment for the purpose of coverage under the
Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act,1952.
3. Today, when the above matter was taken up for
consideration, learned counsel for the petitioner would submit in respect of
W.P. No.97 45 of 1997 that the petitioner is the Company incorporated under
the Indian Companies Act on 14.10.1988; that though the Company was
incorporated on 14.10.88, the Company started functioning only from January,
1993; that in May, 1994, the Company recruited five employees and the staff
strength started with five recruitment that in November, 19 94, due to
re-organisation in Shriram Group Companies,a few employees in Shriram
Investments Limited were rendered surplus; that the employees in Shriram
Investments Limited were transferred to the petitioner-Company and
consequently, the establishment was deemed to be covered under the Employees
Provident Fund Act (hereinafter referred to as “the Act”) from November, 1994;
that the petitioner-Company applied for an allotment of code number to remit
the P.F. Contributions vide their letter dated 23.12.1994; that as there was
delay in the allotment of the code number, the amount deducted for P.F.
contributions from the employees along with the employer’s contribution was
deposited in a separate bank account exclusively opened for this purpose and
the said amount was not utilised in any manner whatsoever; that in view of the
repeated reminders by the Company to allot a separate code number, Sri C.
Srinivasan, Enforcement Officer held discussions with the Company’s Officers
on 23.9.95 and 27.9.95 and informed the Company’ s Officers that the
petitioner-Company cannot be treated as an independent unit and separate code
number could not be granted and he wanted the Company to apply for the
allotment of a sub code number; that the petitioner-Company applied for a sub
code number with effect from 1 .5.1994 vide their letter dated 27.9.1995 and
clearly stated that they are applying for sub code only under the instructions
of Mr. C. Srinivasan, Enforcement officer and that the Provident Fund
Authorities allotted a sub code number with effect from 14.10.1988 by their
order dated 16.10.1995.
4. Learned counsel for the petitioner would further submit
that on allotment of sub code, the petitioner-Company remitted the
contributions on 19.3.1996 with a delay of five months in depositing the
contribution, due to administrative reasons; that the respondent issued a
letter dated 7.10.1996, calling upon the petitioner to show cause as to why
damages should not be levied under Section 14-B of the Act for delayed
remittance of contribution; that the petitioner submitted a detailed reply
dated 9.1.1997 and attended the personal hearing; that the respondent, after
hearing the arguments and going through the reply submitted by the petitioner,
passed an impugned order on 12.6.1997 , levying damages to the tune of
Rs.4,29,169/-, failing which action will be taken under Section 8 of the Act
and hence would seek for the relief extracted supra.
5. In support of his submissions, learned counsel for the
petitioner has relied on the decision reported in SHANTHI GARMENTS v.
REGIONAL P.F. COMMR. (VOL.101 F.J.R. 997) and referred particularly page
1000 last paragraph.
6. Learned counsel for the petitioner would submit in respect
of W.P. No.9746 of 1997 that there is no provision in the Act to allot a sub
code number with retrospective effect; that before allotting a sub code the
respondents have to issue notice, but no notice was given to the petitioner;
that the petitioner-Company had no employee from 1 988 to November, 1994; that
in the absence of any employee, the question of functional integrality does
not arise; that if the petitioner-Company is treated as the branch of the
Shriram Investments ltd., the damage is payable by the Shriram Investments
Ltd. Only and the branch cannot be liable to pay the damage amount and hence
would pray for the relief extracted supra.
7. In support of his submissions, learned counsel for the
petitioner has relied on the decision reported in NEW PAI SALES CORPORATION
vs. R.P.F. COMMISSIONER (VOLUME 88 F.J.R. 323) and referred particularly
page 329 paragraph 2 and page 326 paragraph 1.
8. Learned counsel appearing for the respondents, not only
filed a counter, but also submitted that the petitioner himself has admitted
in the affidavit that it is a sister concern (paragraphs 3 and 4 of the
affidavit); that because of the petfitioner’s request, the sub code was
allotted and the petitioner has paid all the provident fund dues from October,
1988 to February, 1996, based on the order of the Provident Fund authorities
without any protest; that the petitioner has not challenged the allotment of
sub code number or applicability of the Act before any Authority; that if the
petitioner has any objection, they can raise before the Provident Fund
authorities under Section 7A of the Act; that as they have no objection, the
sub code was allotted as per Section 2A of the Act; that there is functional
integrality; that the petitioner’s contention of keeping the amount in a
separate Bank account without any yield instead of remitting it into the
Employees Provident Fund Account has only resulted in heavy loss to the
employees as well as to the respondent-organization; that even for
transferring the amount kept in Bank, the petitioner has taken considerable
time, thereby render themselves liable for statutory rate of damages as
provided under para 32A of the Employees Provident Fund Scheme, 1952; that the
damages are levied only on belated remittances of employees provident fund
dues and not on remittances made within the due dates; that since the
petitioner has no case against the coverage, the issue had not been disputed
under Section 7A of the Act; that the petitioner failed to remit the amounts
deducted from the wages of the employees in time; that it is mandatory on the
part of the respondents to levy damages invoking the provisions of Section
14-B of the Act inasmuch as this respondent has already credited the interest
to each subscriber account as if the contribution had been received in time
and hence to offset the loss suffered by the fund, damages are inevitable;
that the petitioner has not exhausted the appeal remedy available with
Employees Provident Fund Appellate Tribunal under Section 7(I) of the Act and
on these averments, the respondents would seek for dismissal of the writ
petitions.
9. In support of his submissions, learned counsel for the
respondents has relied on the decisions reported in R.P.F. COMMR. vs. S.D.
COLLEGE & OTHERS (II L.L.J. 1997 PAGE 55), particularly page 72 paragraph 9,
UJWAL TRANSPORT AGENCY v. U.O.I. & ANR. (1998 II L.L.J. 833), particularly
page 836 paragraphs 9,10,11 and AJANTA OFFSET & PACKAGING LTD. v. REGIONAL
P.F. COMMR. (2004-II L.L.J. 915, particularly page 917 paragraph 11.
10. So far as the judgments cited on the part of the writ
petitioner are concerned, they are two in number; the first decision rendered
in SHANTHI GARMENTS Vs. REGIONAL PROVIDENT FUND COMMISSIONER (Volume 101
F.J.R. 997); and the second decision relating to NEW PAI SALES CORPORATION
vs. R.P.F. COMMISSIONER (Volume 88 F.J.R. 323).
11. So far as the first decision cited above on the part of
the counsel for the petitioner is concerned, wherein it is held,
“As observed by the Supreme Court, the direction regarding
payment of damages is compensatory as well as penal in nature. Where there is
no wilful violation, the quantum of damages should be more or less
compensatory in nature and where the default is continuous or intentional,
damages payable in addition to being compensatory would be penal as well. The
delay in making payments obviously should not prejudice the employees for
whose benefit the fund is created. Where ” Default” is found, but no apparent
“fault”, the quantum of damages should be compensatory rather than penal in
nature.”
12. In the second judgment cited above, a single Judge of the
High Court of Karnataka citing yet another judgment rendered in ISHA STEEL
TREATMENT, BOMBAY v. ASSOCIATION OF ENGINEERING WORKERS, BOMBAY(71 F.J.R. 11
at page 18 : 1987 I L.L.J.427) would hold :
” It was, however, argued in this case on behalf of the
workmen that since the provident fund accounts of the employees and the
Employees’ State Insurance accounts of the two units had common numbers with
the authorities concerned and settlements containing similar terms ( Copies
which are not produced before us) had been entered into in 1974 between the
management and the workmen of the two units, it should be held that the two
units had functional integrality between them. We are of the view that even
these factors are not sufficient to hold that the two units were one and the
same notwithstanding the fact that the nature of the business carried on in
them was the same. In Indian Cable Co. Ltd., Vs. Its workmen, [1962] 22
FJR: [1962] 1 LLJ 409, this court has held that the fact the balance sheet
was prepared incorporating the trading results of all the branches or that the
employees of the various branches were treated alike for the purpose of
provident fund, gratuity, bonus and for conditions of service in general,
could not lead to the conclusion that all the branches should be treated as
one unit for purposes of Section 25-G of the Act.”
13. In the first decision cited by the counsel for the
respondent in R.P.F. Commissioner Vs. S.D. College & others (1997 II LLJ
55), wherein it is held in paragraph 9 as follows:
“Under these circumstances, we do not think that there is any
justification in the contention for waiver of the penalty imposed by the
Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. As held earlier, there is no discretion
left to the Commissioner to totally waive the penalty. What was left to his
discretion is the rate at which it is to be computed by way of penalty. In
this case, admittedly, 25 per cent of the damages was computed as penalty.
Since the respondent had deposited the amount in fixed deposit and it earned 9
per cent interest thereon, the balance amount is required to be deposited and
the respondent is directed to deposit the balance amount within six weeks from
today.”
14. In the second decision cited by the counsel for the
respondent in Ujwal Transport Agency, Madras Vs. Union of India and another
(19 98 II LLJ 833), wherein it is held in paragraph 11 as follows:
“A reading of the above provision makes it clear that the nature of
the levy is punitive and as the Officer is required to consider the facts of
each case, while exercising his discretion under the Act, it would require an
enquiry in consonance with the principles of natural justice. While imposing
damages, the intention in enacting Section 14-B is to enable the Government to
impose exemplary or punitive damages. But damages cannot be levied when the
employer has already paid the contribution amount though under protest. The
expression ‘damage’ occurring in Section 14-B is in substances, a penalty
imposed on the employer for the breach of the statutory obligation. The
object of imposition of penalty under Section 14-B is not merely to provide
compensation for the employees, but also to penalise default employer as also
to provide reparation for the amount of loss suffered by the employees. The
damage referred to under Section 14-B is different from fine and penalty and
is intended to compensate the loss to the beneficiaries of the Scheme.”
15. In the last decision cited by the counsel for the
respondent in Ajanta Offset & Packaging Ltd., Vs. Regional Provident Fund
Commissioner (2004 II LLJ 915), wherein it is held in paragraph 11 as follows:
“Insofar as the applicability of the provisions of the Act is
concerned, the provisions apply proprio vigore and all that the respondent is
required to do is to allot a code of number to the petitioner. It is true
that the code number was allotted only on May 27, 1974 but there is nothing to
show that immediately thereafter the petitioner made some payments towards its
provident fund dues. Consequently, even if there was some delay on the part
of the respondent in allotting a code number that will not absolve the
petitioner of its liability under the Act, which, as mentioned above applies
proprio vigore.”
16. In consideration of the facts pleaded, having regard to
the materials available on record and upon hearing the arguments of the
learned counsel for the petitioner and the respondent as well, this court is
able to find that the petitioner finance company has come forward to file the
above two writ petitions, in the first one in W.P.No.974 5 of 1997 praying to
quash the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner’s order dated 12.6.1997 and in
the second writ petition in W.P.No.974 6 of 1997 praying to quash the order of
the respondent dated 16.10.1 995, consequently to direct the respondent to
treat the petitioner as an independent establishment for the purpose of
coverage under the Employees’ Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act,
1952.
17. The main contention of the learned counsel for the
petitioner is that in spite of having made sevaral requests and repeated
reminders sent to the respondent to allot a separate code number treating the
petitioner company as an independent unit, the respondent refused to allot the
same resulting in the company applying for a sub code number with effects from
14.10.1998 and thereafter the petitioner company started remitting the
provident fund contributions with a delay of five months and on this account
the respondent issued a show cause notice dated 7.10.1996 questioning as to
why the damages should not be levied under Section 14-B of the Employees
Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 for the belated
remittance of provident fund contribution, it is only testifying the validity
of the order passed by the respondent dated 16.10.1995, whereby the petitioner
company has been treated as the branch of the main unit and part and parcel of
the same, which is already functioning under a different code TN/19904/ Sriram
Investments, Madras-4 and further allotting a new code number TN/19904-A
enrolling of the eligible employees from the respective date of eligibility
and submitting of the statutory returns and remitting the dues further
cautioning that any delay that all belated remittances would attract levy of
damages as prescribed under Section 14-B of the said Act, which is impugned in
the above first writ petition and the order passed by the respondent dated
12.6.1997 thereby levying the very damages to the tune of Rs.4,29,169/-, which
is challenged in the above second writ petition.
18. It needs to be discussed the aspect i.e., the request
made on the part of the petitioner to allot separate code number treating the
petitioner as an independent unit, but this request has been turned down by
the respondent authority giving instances in both the orders passed above.
Factually dealing with the same and concluding that there has been functional
integrality in between the sub unit and the parent unit and therefore this
functional integrality being the test to arrive at the conclusion, whether the
petitioner should be treated as separate unit distinct and different from the
main unit or should it be considered as part and parcel of the main unit and
in so far as the facts and circumstances encircling the whole affair is
concerned with the sphere of activities of the petitioner unit it has been
factually concluded by the authority that there is functional integrality in
between the sub unit and the main unit and therefore they have been treated as
part and parcel of the same company for the purpose of the Employees Provident
Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952.
19. Secondly, it is the levy of damages as it is ordered by
the order impugned in the second writ petition under Section 14-B of the
Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952.
20. All the decisions cited on the part of the petitioner and
the respondent, the relevant passages of which are extracted supra, would only
be focussed to the effect that if belated remittances are made on the part of
the employer, the authority is empowered to levy such damages and such levy
could only vary in terms of the degree relating to the period of delay and
whether factually damages or penal damages, depending upon the circumstances
of each case, could be ordered under Section 14-B of the Act. Therefore,
there cannot also be any serious objection raised on the part of the
petitioner nor the same is sustainable under law as though for such levy of
damages, the respondent is not empowered to pass orders or levy damages as it
could be seen from the orders of the respondent impugned in both the above
writ petitions, particularly in the second writ petition above, so as to be
termed as arbitrary or unreasonable or even without jurisdiction. The levy of
damages was cautioned in the above first writ petition and ordered in the
second writ petition by the order impugned therein and they are quite legal
and enforceable and this Court does not find any valid or tangible reason
existing either in the orders passed, which are impugned in both the above
writ petitions or the manner in which the same have been passed by the
respondent and therefore the interference of this court sought to be made by
the petitioner in both the above writ petitions are neither necessary nor
warranted in the facts and circumstances of the case and in law and hence the
following order.
In result,
(i) For the above discussions held both the writ petitions do not
merit acceptance but they become only liable to be dismissed and are dismissed
accordingly;
(ii) the order passed in Ref.No.TN/19904-A/SDC-2/97 dt. 12.6.1997 in
W.P.No.9745 of 1997 and the other order passed in
Ref.No.D5/TN/MS/19904-A/REGL/95 dated 16.10.1995 by the respondent herein are
hereby confirmed;
(iii) consequently, connected W.M.P.No.15507/1997 is also dismissed;
(iv) However there shall be no order as to costs.
ks
Index:Yes
Internet:Yes
Copy to
The Regional Provident Fund Commissioner,
No.20, Royapettah High Road,
Madras 600 014.